民事電子數(shù)據(jù)的收集與保全制度研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-06 13:48
【摘要】：隨著電子信息技術的飛速發(fā)展及計算機網(wǎng)絡的廣泛應用，，國際間的電子商務貿易也日益頻繁，電子數(shù)據(jù)越來越多的出現(xiàn)在當今的訴訟活動中，正逐漸成為一種新的訴訟證據(jù)形式。正是如此，對于電子數(shù)據(jù)相關問題的研究才逐漸受到我國理論界及司法界的重視。我國2012年《民事訴訟法》第63條新增了電子數(shù)據(jù)作為一種獨立的證據(jù)類型，以法律的形式明確了電子數(shù)據(jù)在民事訴訟中的獨立證據(jù)地位。但是，由于電子數(shù)據(jù)在社會大眾的觀念中尚未形成統(tǒng)一的概念、電子數(shù)據(jù)的收集和保全等取證程序的進行缺乏系統(tǒng)的法律規(guī)定等相關問題，給司法實踐中電子數(shù)據(jù)的應用仍帶來了諸多難題。鑒于電子數(shù)據(jù)不同于其他傳統(tǒng)證據(jù)的特點，傳統(tǒng)的證據(jù)收集與保全方式已不能滿足實踐的需要，這使得對電子數(shù)據(jù)的收集和保全進行研究和立法已成為刻不容緩的趨勢。本文在借鑒國內外學者電子數(shù)據(jù)研究的部分成果的基礎上，試著針對電子數(shù)據(jù)自身的特點，對其應如何收集與保全等相關問題做出闡述。 除了引言，本文分三部分對民事電子數(shù)據(jù)的收集與保全制度進行研究。 第一部分，主要論述了民事電子數(shù)據(jù)的基本理論問題，為后文展開有關民事電子數(shù)據(jù)收集與保全問題的論述奠定基礎。首先對各國有關民事電子數(shù)據(jù)的概念進行了分析和評述，從我國目前的研究現(xiàn)狀出發(fā)對民事電子數(shù)據(jù)的概念做出了界定。接著分析了電子數(shù)據(jù)不同于傳統(tǒng)證據(jù)的特點，即電子數(shù)據(jù)具有高科技性、存在方式的無形性、表現(xiàn)形式的復合性以及內容易受破壞性的特征。 第二部分，主要論述了我國民事電子數(shù)據(jù)收集與保全的現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題。本文用了兩部分對收集、保全分別進行闡述。在民事電子數(shù)據(jù)的收集方面，先分析了我國民事電子數(shù)據(jù)收集的立法現(xiàn)狀，接著重點闡述了民事電子數(shù)據(jù)收集在立法和實踐中存在的問題。在民事電子數(shù)據(jù)的保全方面，則從我國民事電子數(shù)據(jù)保全的現(xiàn)狀考察與現(xiàn)實困境兩部分分別進行闡述。 第三部分，在對如何完善民事電子數(shù)據(jù)收集與保全制度上分別提出了具體的解決辦法。在民事電子數(shù)據(jù)收集制度的完善方面，主要從指導原則、收集主體的范圍以及收集程序的設置方面提出了自己的建議和意見。在民事電子數(shù)據(jù)保全制度的完善方面，則主要從指導原則、網(wǎng)絡公證保全方法以及保全程序的設置等三個方面分別作了闡述，其中在保全程序的設置方面，又分別從保全程序的啟動、管轄、審查、實施等四個方面展開作了分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic information technology and the wide application of computer network, international e-commerce trade is becoming more and more frequent. Electronic data appear more and more in today's litigation activities, and are gradually becoming a new form of litigation evidence. Just in this way, the research on electronic data related issues has been paid more and more attention by the theoretical and judicial circles of our country. Article 63 of the 2012 Civil procedure Law of our country adds electronic data as an independent type of evidence, which defines the independent evidence status of electronic data in civil litigation in the form of law. However, because the concept of electronic data in the public has not yet formed a unified concept, the collection and preservation of electronic data and other evidence collection procedures lack of systematic legal provisions and other related issues, which still brings many problems to the application of electronic data in judicial practice. In view of the fact that electronic data is different from other traditional evidence, the traditional way of evidence collection and preservation can no longer meet the needs of practice, which makes the research and legislation of electronic data collection and preservation become an urgent trend. On the basis of drawing lessons from some achievements of domestic and foreign scholars' electronic data research, this paper tries to explain how to collect and preserve the electronic data according to the characteristics of the electronic data itself. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into three parts to study the collection and preservation system of civil electronic data. The first part mainly discusses the basic theoretical problems of civil electronic data, which lays the foundation for the following discussion on the collection and preservation of civil electronic data. First of all, this paper analyzes and comments on the concept of civil electronic data in various countries, and defines the concept of civil electronic data from the current research situation in our country. Then it analyzes the characteristics of electronic data which are different from the traditional evidence, that is, the high-tech nature of electronic data, the invisibility of the mode of existence, the complexity of the form of expression and the characteristics that the content is vulnerable to destruction. The second part mainly discusses the present situation and existing problems of civil electronic data collection and preservation in our country. In this paper, two parts are used to describe the collection and preservation respectively. In the aspect of civil electronic data collection, this paper first analyzes the current legislative situation of civil electronic data collection in China, and then focuses on the problems existing in the legislation and practice of civil electronic data collection. In the aspect of civil electronic data preservation, it is expounded from two parts: the present situation of civil electronic data preservation in our country and the realistic predicament. In the third part, the concrete solutions are put forward on how to perfect the civil electronic data collection and preservation system. In the aspect of perfecting the civil electronic data collection system, this paper mainly puts forward some suggestions and opinions from the aspects of the guiding principles, the scope of the collection subject and the establishment of the collection procedure. In the improvement of the civil electronic data preservation system, it is mainly expounded from three aspects: the guiding principle, the network notarization preservation method and the preservation procedure, among which, in the setting up of the preservation procedure, it is analyzed from four aspects: the initiation, jurisdiction, examination and implementation of the preservation procedure.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.1
本文編號：2511062
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic information technology and the wide application of computer network, international e-commerce trade is becoming more and more frequent. Electronic data appear more and more in today's litigation activities, and are gradually becoming a new form of litigation evidence. Just in this way, the research on electronic data related issues has been paid more and more attention by the theoretical and judicial circles of our country. Article 63 of the 2012 Civil procedure Law of our country adds electronic data as an independent type of evidence, which defines the independent evidence status of electronic data in civil litigation in the form of law. However, because the concept of electronic data in the public has not yet formed a unified concept, the collection and preservation of electronic data and other evidence collection procedures lack of systematic legal provisions and other related issues, which still brings many problems to the application of electronic data in judicial practice. In view of the fact that electronic data is different from other traditional evidence, the traditional way of evidence collection and preservation can no longer meet the needs of practice, which makes the research and legislation of electronic data collection and preservation become an urgent trend. On the basis of drawing lessons from some achievements of domestic and foreign scholars' electronic data research, this paper tries to explain how to collect and preserve the electronic data according to the characteristics of the electronic data itself. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into three parts to study the collection and preservation system of civil electronic data. The first part mainly discusses the basic theoretical problems of civil electronic data, which lays the foundation for the following discussion on the collection and preservation of civil electronic data. First of all, this paper analyzes and comments on the concept of civil electronic data in various countries, and defines the concept of civil electronic data from the current research situation in our country. Then it analyzes the characteristics of electronic data which are different from the traditional evidence, that is, the high-tech nature of electronic data, the invisibility of the mode of existence, the complexity of the form of expression and the characteristics that the content is vulnerable to destruction. The second part mainly discusses the present situation and existing problems of civil electronic data collection and preservation in our country. In this paper, two parts are used to describe the collection and preservation respectively. In the aspect of civil electronic data collection, this paper first analyzes the current legislative situation of civil electronic data collection in China, and then focuses on the problems existing in the legislation and practice of civil electronic data collection. In the aspect of civil electronic data preservation, it is expounded from two parts: the present situation of civil electronic data preservation in our country and the realistic predicament. In the third part, the concrete solutions are put forward on how to perfect the civil electronic data collection and preservation system. In the aspect of perfecting the civil electronic data collection system, this paper mainly puts forward some suggestions and opinions from the aspects of the guiding principles, the scope of the collection subject and the establishment of the collection procedure. In the improvement of the civil electronic data preservation system, it is mainly expounded from three aspects: the guiding principle, the network notarization preservation method and the preservation procedure, among which, in the setting up of the preservation procedure, it is analyzed from four aspects: the initiation, jurisdiction, examination and implementation of the preservation procedure.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.1
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