本文關(guān)鍵詞：論刑事訴訟證據(jù)裁判原則　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：證據(jù)裁判原則是刑事訴訟法中的一項基本原則,是指在刑事訴訟活動中認(rèn)定案件事實必須以證據(jù)為本,也就是說,刑事司法裁判必須建立在證據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)之上。人類社會的司法證明方法曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過兩次重大轉(zhuǎn)變:第一次是從“神證”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤叭俗C”,第二次是從“人證”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤拔镒C”。隨著人類社會的不斷進(jìn)步,司法證明方法更加科學(xué),更加符合客觀規(guī)律,證據(jù)裁判原則就是這一過程中的最終產(chǎn)物。刑事訴訟證據(jù)裁判原則應(yīng)當(dāng)包括如下含義:(1)認(rèn)定待證事實應(yīng)當(dāng)依靠證據(jù),沒有證據(jù)不能認(rèn)定案件事實;(2)用于證明待證事實的證據(jù)應(yīng)當(dāng)具有證據(jù)能力,不具有證據(jù)能力的證據(jù)不得采用;(3)用于證明待證事實的證據(jù)必須經(jīng)法庭查證屬實。證據(jù)裁判原則要求以證據(jù)為根據(jù)合理判斷案件事實,司法工作人員不能以主觀的臆斷或猜測等作為認(rèn)定案件事實的依據(jù)。在司法實踐中這一原則具有十分重要的意義,它可以有效克服司法專橫,防止刑訊逼供,實現(xiàn)司法公正。在這種要求下,司法工作人員在辦案工作中就應(yīng)當(dāng)完全依據(jù)現(xiàn)有證據(jù)認(rèn)定案件事實,嚴(yán)格按照法律對案件進(jìn)行裁判�；诖�,世界上許多國家對證據(jù)裁判原則作出了明確規(guī)定,我國刑事訴訟法也基本確立了這一原則。我國立法有關(guān)證據(jù)裁判原則的規(guī)定分散于《刑事訴訟法》和相關(guān)司法解釋中,相關(guān)規(guī)定只是體現(xiàn)了證據(jù)裁判原則的基本精神,立法并未明確確立這一原則,且存在證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不明確、證據(jù)規(guī)則體系不完善、證據(jù)裁判違法責(zé)任缺失等不足。同時,由于我國司法長期“重實體、輕程序”,司法實踐中仍有許多違背證據(jù)裁判原則的做法,存在諸多不足,如司法工作人員證據(jù)裁判理念不強(qiáng)、非法取證行為屢禁不止、裁判文書說理制度不完善等。證據(jù)裁判原則是刑事訴訟制度的核心原則,它使認(rèn)定案件事實的過程更具有科學(xué)性、客觀性和說服力。由于這一原則在我國刑事訴訟立法和司法實踐中仍存在諸多不足,因此,有必要進(jìn)一步深入研究刑事訴訟證據(jù)裁判原則。本文從介紹證據(jù)裁判原則的基本內(nèi)容出發(fā),對域外主要國家的證據(jù)裁判原則進(jìn)行考察,同時分析我國適用證據(jù)裁判原則的現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題,提出相關(guān)完善建議。經(jīng)過分析論證,使證據(jù)裁判原則在我國得以更好的適用,樹立文明、科學(xué)的現(xiàn)代司法理念,保障司法活動的公平和公正。
[Abstract]:The principle of evidence adjudication is a basic principle in the criminal procedure law, which means that the fact of the case must be based on the evidence in the criminal proceedings, that is to say. Criminal justice must be based on evidence. The method of judicial proof in human society has undergone two major changes: the first time is from "divine evidence" to "human witness". The second time is from "witness" to "material evidence". With the continuous progress of human society, the method of judicial proof is more scientific, more in line with the objective law. The principle of evidence adjudication is the final product of this process. The principle of evidence adjudication in criminal proceedings should include the following meaning: 1) the fact to be proved should depend on the evidence, and the fact of the case cannot be ascertained without evidence; (2) the evidence used to prove the facts to be proved shall have the evidentiary capacity, and the evidence which does not possess the evidentiary capacity shall not be used; The evidence used to prove the facts to be proved must be verified by the court. The principle of evidence adjudication requires that the facts of the case should be reasonably judged on the basis of evidence. Judicial staff can not use subjective assumptions or guesses as the basis for determining the facts of the case. In judicial practice, this principle has a very important significance, it can effectively overcome judicial arbitrariness and prevent torture of confessions. Under this kind of request, the judicial staff should determine the facts of the case according to the existing evidence and judge the case strictly in accordance with the law. Many countries in the world have clearly stipulated the principle of evidence adjudication. China's criminal procedure law has basically established this principle. The provisions of our legislation on the principle of evidence adjudication are scattered in the Criminal procedure Law and related judicial interpretation. Relevant provisions only reflect the basic spirit of the principle of evidence adjudication, legislation has not clearly established this principle, and there is not clear standards of proof, evidence rules system is not perfect. At the same time, due to our country's judicature for a long time "emphasis on substance, not the procedure", there are still many practices of violating the principle of evidence adjudication in judicial practice, there are many shortcomings. The principle of evidence adjudication is the core principle of criminal procedure system, for example, the concept of evidence judgment of judicial staff is not strong, the illegal evidence collection behavior is not prohibited, the reasoning system of judgment documents is not perfect and the principle of evidence adjudication is the core principle of the criminal procedure system. It makes the process of determining the facts of the case more scientific, objective and persuasive. Because this principle still has many shortcomings in our criminal procedure legislation and judicial practice, therefore. It is necessary to further study the principle of evidence adjudication in criminal proceedings. This paper starts from the introduction of the basic content of the principle of evidence adjudication, and investigates the principle of evidence adjudication in major foreign countries. At the same time, this paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems of applying the principle of evidence adjudication in our country, and puts forward some relevant perfect suggestions. Through the analysis and demonstration, the principle of evidence adjudication can be better applied in our country and establish civilization. The scientific modern judicial concept ensures the fairness and fairness of judicial activities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D925.2

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