【摘要】：2012年2月,適逢中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日春節(jié),家住四川省彭州市通濟(jì)鎮(zhèn)的村民吳高亮偶然在自家承包地里發(fā)現(xiàn)了巨大烏木,當(dāng)時(shí)市場(chǎng)價(jià)值近千萬(wàn)。但是該烏木隨后卻被通濟(jì)鎮(zhèn)政府挖出運(yùn)走。通濟(jì)鎮(zhèn)政府認(rèn)為烏木應(yīng)上交國(guó)家,而吳亮亮則主張烏木歸自己所有。圍繞著烏木究竟應(yīng)歸屬何方,法學(xué)界展開了激烈爭(zhēng)論,而后此案亦在全社會(huì)引起了廣泛討論。究其原因,是因?yàn)樵摪杆从吵龅念愃茷跄镜葻o(wú)主物所有權(quán)歸屬問題,進(jìn)一步折射了現(xiàn)行法律價(jià)值體系下國(guó)家所有權(quán)與私人所有權(quán)利益關(guān)系的沖突。“天價(jià)烏木案”距今已過去5年時(shí)間,雖歷經(jīng)一審、終審但卻依然成為一樁“刺眼”的懸案,不得不令人感到些許惆悵。造成此案懸而未決的原因,還是在于我國(guó)現(xiàn)行立法的價(jià)值導(dǎo)向偏差及法律具體規(guī)則缺失。自上世紀(jì)80年代初期開始,我國(guó)已歷經(jīng)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)近40年發(fā)展,法律價(jià)值取向也逐漸回歸到“尊重和保障人權(quán)”的軌道,而私人所有權(quán)的保護(hù)力度也在日益加強(qiáng)。在我們看來(lái),之前計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代所造就的“一切歸公”思維開始逐漸被取代,而多元化的利益關(guān)系訴求正以“星星之火燎原”之勢(shì)蓬勃發(fā)展,現(xiàn)代市民觀念越來(lái)越入腦入心。我們突然發(fā)現(xiàn),社會(huì)主流價(jià)值取向越來(lái)越趨向公私兼濟(jì)。所以,不論是本案還是此后出現(xiàn)的“狗頭金”案,都在向我們展示著巨大的社會(huì)進(jìn)步與觀念變遷,而這也正是我們社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮與國(guó)家進(jìn)步文明的標(biāo)志之一。本文除了緒論及結(jié)語(yǔ),其主體分為五部分內(nèi)容。在第一部分,通過對(duì)案情做簡(jiǎn)要介紹,重點(diǎn)對(duì)一審及二審判決結(jié)果缺陷進(jìn)行了闡述,從而引出案件核心焦點(diǎn)問題即烏木屬性及所有權(quán)歸誰(shuí)所有;在第二部分,圍繞焦點(diǎn)核心即烏木屬性問題,筆者對(duì)目前學(xué)界關(guān)于烏木屬性的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了一一評(píng)析,并認(rèn)為將烏木認(rèn)定為無(wú)主物的觀點(diǎn)符合其本質(zhì)屬性;在第三部分,筆者通過對(duì)本案爭(zhēng)議的烏木歸屬進(jìn)行法律分析,最終認(rèn)為烏木應(yīng)被認(rèn)定為無(wú)主物并適用先占取得確定其所有權(quán);在第四部分,筆者重點(diǎn)將先占取得制度在我國(guó)進(jìn)行明確立法的理論基礎(chǔ)及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析說明;第五部分,對(duì)于我國(guó)如何建立完善先占取得制度,筆者進(jìn)行了深入探討研究并提出了具體建議。
[Abstract]:In February 2012, during the traditional Chinese New year festival, Wu Gaoliang, a villager who lives in Tongji Town, Pengzhou, Sichuan Province, stumbled upon the discovery of huge ebony in his contracted land, with a market value of nearly 10 million. But the ebony was later exhumed by the Tongji town government. Tongji town government believed that ebony should be handed over to the state, while Wu Liangliang argued that ebony should be owned by himself. There has been a heated debate about where ebony should belong, and the case has been widely discussed in the whole society. The reason is that the ownership of ownerless things such as ebony reflected in the case further reflects the conflict between the interests of state ownership and private ownership under the current legal value system. Five years have passed since the "sky-price ebony case". Although it has passed through the first instance, the final case is still a "dazzling" case, which has to make people feel a little melancholy. The reason why this case is pending lies in the deviation of value orientation and the lack of specific legal rules in our current legislation. Since the early 1980s, China has experienced the development of socialist market economy for nearly 40 years, and the legal value orientation has gradually returned to the track of "respecting and protecting human rights", and the protection of private ownership has been strengthened day by day. From our point of view, the thought of "returning all to the public" brought up in the planned economic age before was gradually replaced, and the demands of diversified interest relations were booming with the trend of "sparkling fire", and the concept of modern citizens was getting more and more into the mind. We suddenly find that the mainstream value orientation of society is becoming more and more public-private and financial. Therefore, both this case and the "Dog Tou Gold" case are showing us great social progress and concept changes, and this is one of the symbols of our social and economic prosperity and national progress civilization. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main body of this paper is divided into five parts. In the first part, through a brief introduction of the case, the author focuses on the defects of the results of the first and second instance judgments, which leads to the core focus of the case, that is, who owns the ebony attribute and the ownership; in the second part, Around the core of the focus, ebony attribute, the author analyzes the current academic views on ebony attribute, and thinks that the viewpoint that ebony is considered as no main object accords with its essential attribute; in the third part, Based on the legal analysis of ebony ownership in this case, the author concludes that ebony should be considered as non-subject and the ownership of ebony should be determined by preemption; in the fourth part, The author focuses on the theoretical basis and practical significance of making clear legislation on the preemptive acquisition system in China. The fifth part is about how to establish and perfect the preemptive acquisition system in our country. The author carries on the thorough research and puts forward the concrete suggestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.2

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳仲,王守祥;論先占[J];達(dá)縣師范高等�？茖W(xué)校學(xué)報(bào);2000年01期

2 魯勝;先占制度研究及我國(guó)立法的完善[J];杭州商學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2003年03期

3 王欣,鄺良聰;對(duì)設(shè)立和完善先占制度的探討[J];理論界;2005年01期

4 閆厚軍;;關(guān)于我國(guó)確立先占制度的思考[J];理論界;2007年03期

5 謝鷗;;試論我國(guó)先占制度的建立[J];四川師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2009年01期

6 莊玲玲;;淺析先占制度存在的合理性[J];法制與社會(huì);2009年08期

7 文濤;;淺議“先占原則”與我國(guó)南沙群島主權(quán)[J];發(fā)展;2009年10期

8 姜偉國(guó);;論我國(guó)先占制度之構(gòu)建[J];宜春學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2010年06期

9 王小軍;陳吉寧;;美國(guó)先占優(yōu)先權(quán)制度研究[J];清華法學(xué);2010年03期

10 麥麗斯;;循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)視角下的我國(guó)先占制度構(gòu)建研究[J];法制與社會(huì);2013年27期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 蘭美海;;我國(guó)民法中設(shè)立先占制度的立法構(gòu)想[A];當(dāng)代法學(xué)論壇（二○○九年第2輯）[C];2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 孫蕾;關(guān)于先占問題的倫理思考[D];華東師范大學(xué);2009年

2 陳美伶;國(guó)際法上的先占原則[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2014年

3 曹越;論我國(guó)埋藏物發(fā)現(xiàn)者權(quán)益保護(hù)和先占制度的建構(gòu)[D];山東大學(xué);2015年

4 袁夢(mèng)柯;無(wú)主物先占取得之立法研究[D];甘肅政法學(xué)院;2016年

5 宋曉丹;先占制度探析[D];蘇州大學(xué);2016年

6 趙征;無(wú)主物先占取得制度的構(gòu)建[D];內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué);2016年

7 阮強(qiáng)勇;我國(guó)先占制度構(gòu)建研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2016年

8 楊紅俠;烏木的法律屬性與相關(guān)歸屬問題探析[D];天津大學(xué);2015年

9 高寧;“天價(jià)烏木案”：先占取得之立法探討[D];河北大學(xué);2017年

10 莫艷霞;先占法律制度研究[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號(hào)：2157554