本文關(guān)鍵詞： 勞動者身份 勞動者分層 認(rèn)定 從屬性標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 勞動法　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,我國的勞動者群體發(fā)生了很大的變化,勞動者類型呈現(xiàn)多元化狀態(tài),勞動者階層出現(xiàn)了分化,隨著勞動關(guān)系主體權(quán)利意識的增強(qiáng)和利益訴求的多元,勞資關(guān)系矛盾日益凸顯,勞動爭議案件不斷增加。其中,較為突出的問題則是無法準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)定“勞動者”的身份,究其緣由,在于我國對此問題缺乏專門的立法,在現(xiàn)行立法中對其相關(guān)規(guī)定亦不明確,其確立的認(rèn)定勞動者身份的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已不能滿足現(xiàn)如今的社會需求,遂導(dǎo)致各方理解上的分歧。準(zhǔn)確的認(rèn)定勞動者身份,尤其是在現(xiàn)有勞動者分層已非常清晰的狀況下,對于勞動法的有效實(shí)施,勞動爭議案件的有效解決尤為重要。本文通過語義分析、體系分析、比較分析等方法,著重從解釋論的角度切入,輔之以必要的立法論思考,結(jié)合我國當(dāng)前相關(guān)法律規(guī)定及境外立法、司法案例,試圖對勞動者的概念、“從屬性”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及勞動者分層保護(hù)理論進(jìn)行釋義重構(gòu),以尋求可適用我國的勞動者身份認(rèn)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),冀望為相關(guān)立法的改革及司法裁審規(guī)則的統(tǒng)一提供一定參考。本文分為引言、正文和結(jié)論三部分,現(xiàn)對正文部分作簡要介紹:正文第一部分通過對我國以及部分境外國家地區(qū)有關(guān)“勞動者”的立法梳理,在辨析勞動者本身所具有的特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,從解釋論的角度對勞動者定義進(jìn)行了重構(gòu),認(rèn)為勞動者是指達(dá)到法定年齡、具有勞動能力、以從事雇傭勞動獲取收入為主要生活來源的自然人;通過總結(jié)分析我國近幾十年的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,勞動者群體現(xiàn)狀,勞動法實(shí)施的社會效果,本文主張若要實(shí)現(xiàn)勞動法的立法宗旨,就必須要從立法和司法層面明確勞動者身份認(rèn)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。正文第二部分通過對世界以及我國臺灣地區(qū)關(guān)于勞動者身份認(rèn)定的理論和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的總結(jié),進(jìn)而結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)有的研究成果進(jìn)行了比較分析,認(rèn)為我國應(yīng)堅持以“人格從屬性”作為認(rèn)定勞動者身份的根本標(biāo)準(zhǔn),同時適量擴(kuò)大司法裁量權(quán),以利于司法機(jī)關(guān)根據(jù)不同案件的不同情況對從屬性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容做出不同解釋,靈活并富有彈性的認(rèn)定勞動者身份。正文第三部分重點(diǎn)介紹了勞動者分層保護(hù)理論的必要性、理論內(nèi)容和其在現(xiàn)有立法中的體現(xiàn)。本文認(rèn)為此理論面對現(xiàn)有的勞動者分層的社會狀況有很大的適用空間,并在堅持應(yīng)對勞動者進(jìn)行分層保護(hù)的前提下,將勞動者群體劃分為強(qiáng)勢勞動者、普通勞動者和弱勢勞動者,其劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)即是堅持先形式后實(shí)質(zhì)的判斷思路。正文第四部分通過對前文的總結(jié),認(rèn)為面對勞動者群體的變化,勞動法領(lǐng)域應(yīng)從立法和司法兩個方面進(jìn)行回應(yīng)。本文立足于現(xiàn)有立法和司法狀況,從完善立法技術(shù)、如何調(diào)整勞動者的范圍以及如何貫徹勞動者分層保護(hù)理論的角度,提出了一些拙見,望能為相關(guān)問題的解決提供一些思路。勞動關(guān)系作為最基本、最重要的社會關(guān)系之一,其和諧程度與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會和諧程度呈正相關(guān),構(gòu)建和諧勞動關(guān)系作為構(gòu)建和諧社會的必要組成部分,與職工和企業(yè)切身利益密切相連。鑒于我國現(xiàn)有的不盡完善的勞動法立法和司法現(xiàn)狀,本文始終堅持,當(dāng)前國情下,我們應(yīng)通過國家明確立法和靈活司法的形式對勞動者身份認(rèn)定的問題進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一規(guī)范,從而更好對勞動者進(jìn)行保護(hù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of market economy, great changes have taken place in China's labor group, the diversified types of workers, laborers were divided, with multiple labor relations rights awareness and interests, the contradictions become increasingly prominent, the labor dispute cases increased. Among them, the more prominent the problem is to accurately identify the "laborers" status, the reason lies in the issue of China's lack of specialized legislation, in the current legislation of the relevant provisions are not clear, the establishment of employee identity standards have been identified now can not meet the needs of society, then lead to the parties understand the differences. Employee identity accurately, especially in the existing labor stratification has been very clear conditions for the effective implementation of the labor law, the effective solution of labor dispute cases It is particularly important. In this paper, through semantic analysis, system analysis, comparative analysis and other methods, mainly from the perspective of interpretation of the author, complemented by the necessary legislative thinking, combined with China's current relevant laws and regulations and foreign legislation and judicial cases, trying to the concept of laborers, "interpretation from the protection of property and standard reconstruction" laborer stratification theory, to seek for our employee identity standards, unified rules for the reform of trial hope the relevant legislation and judicial discretion provide certain reference. This paper is divided into preface, text and conclusion three parts, this article provides a brief introduction to the text: the first part through to our country and overseas country relevant "workers" of the legislation, based on the discrimination of workers has itself on the interpretation of from the perspective of the reconstruction of workers defined that laborer Refers to the legal age, have the ability to work, to natural persons engaged in labor income as the main source of livelihood; through the analysis of China's economic development in recent decades in summary, labor group status, labor law and social effect, this paper argues that if the real purpose of legislation is the labor law, it must be identified from the legislative and judicial levels to make clear the identity standards. The second part of the text through about employee identity theory and practice experience of the world and China's Taiwan region are summarized, and then combined with our existing research results were compared and analyzed, concluded that China should adhere to the "personality from the property" as the fundamental standards of workers the identity, while the amount of expansion of judicial discretion, in order to facilitate the judicial organs according to the different circumstances of different cases to make different interpretations from the properties of standard content, flexible And elastic that workers identity. The third part of the text introduces the necessity of protecting the laborer stratification theory, theory and its embodiment in the existing legislation. This paper argues that the theory of the existing social workers face stratification condition for large space, and layered protection on the premise to deal with workers, will groups of workers divided into strong workers, ordinary workers and vulnerable workers, the division standard is to judge ideas first form. The essence of the fourth part of the summary, that changes in labor group, the two aspects of the field of labor law from the legislative and judicial response. Based on the existing legislative and judicial status from the improvement of legislation, technology, how to adjust the scope of employees and how to implement the layered labor protection theory point of view, put forward a Some humble opinion, hope to provide some ideas to solve the problems of labor relations. As the most basic, one of the most important social relationships, the harmonious degree and positive economic and social harmonious degree, constructing harmonious labor relations as necessary to build a harmonious society part, closely related to the immediate interests of workers and enterprises. In view of our existing not all labor law legislation and judicial status quo perfect, this has always insisted, under the present situation, we should carry out a unified and standardized identification of laborers through legislation and judicial flexible form, so as to better protect the workers.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.5

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本文編號：1504988