本文選題：保險法 + 不可抗辯條款�。� 參考：《廣東財經(jīng)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：不可抗辯條款,作為限制保險人合同解除權的制度之一,是指保險人不得以被保險人誤告或隱瞞事實為由,主張合同無效或拒絕賠償。該條款規(guī)定從保險合同生效之日起滿一定時期后,保險合同成為不可爭議合同,保險人對投保人訂立保險合同時未履行如實告知義務的行為不能行使抗辯權,即不能憑此事由解除保險合同。該條款發(fā)揮了限制保險人濫用合同解除權和保障投保人信賴利益的重要作用。然而,自不可抗辯條款制度建立以來,雖然其內(nèi)涵豐富且意義重大,但依然存在法律規(guī)定過于抽象和簡單的問題,引起了學界爭議,也導致了司法實務適用中缺乏統(tǒng)一性的指引。所以,本文將試結合民法原理和英美保險法上的制度淵源,運用實證分析法和比較分析法對我國不可抗辯條款的理論基礎與司法適用過程的具體問題進行研究,以期對我國不可抗辯條款的完善有所裨益。本文主要由四個部分組成,其主要內(nèi)容如下:第一部分,對不可抗辯條款的內(nèi)涵、沿革及適用進行論述。從不可抗辯條款的內(nèi)涵出發(fā),著重對其與其他限制保險人抗辯權的棄權和禁止反言規(guī)則進行辨析。通過對不可抗辯條款的起源與發(fā)展歷程的闡述,客觀評析了各國和地區(qū)及我國的保險法不可抗辯條款的立法現(xiàn)狀,提出了我國保險法不可抗辯條款的司法審判適用狀況及其存在的問題。第二部分,著重探討不可抗辯條款的理論基礎和功能。引入不可抗辯條款的理論基礎在于誠實信用、公平、信賴利益與保險合同的合理期待原則。不可抗辯條款發(fā)揮了保障投保人的信賴利益、限制保險人濫用解除權、督促保險人嚴格核保與重塑保險業(yè)行業(yè)形象的功能。第三部分,具體分析和總結我國保險法不可抗辯條款適用中的爭議問題。包括:不可抗辯條款的適用范圍;投保人投保欺詐應否適用不可抗辯條款;不可抗辯條款的適用前提應否限于二年內(nèi)未發(fā)生保險事故;不可抗辯條款解除權與合同法撤銷權的適用關系;保險合同復效時可抗辯期的起算。第四部分,提出完善不可抗辯條款適用的建議,同時提出不可抗辯條款適用的配套機制的建立。第一,明確不可抗辯條款既適用于人身保險也適用于財產(chǎn)保險。第二,明確規(guī)定惡意投保欺詐不適用不可抗辯條款。第三,明確規(guī)定適用前提應限于二年內(nèi)未發(fā)生保險事故。第四,明確不可抗辯條款解除權與合同法撤銷權的適用關系。第五,明確保險合同復效時可抗辯期間的起算。在建立配套機制方面,第一,加強保險代理人的培訓管理。第二,加強保險公司核保業(yè)務管理。第三,建立保險行業(yè)信息共享機制。
[Abstract]:The non-defense clause, as one of the system that limits the insurer's right to rescind the contract, is that the insurer should not claim invalidity of the contract or refuse to compensate for the reason that the insured may misinform or conceal the facts. This clause stipulates that after the expiration of a certain period from the effective date of the insurance contract, the insurance contract becomes an indisputable contract, and the insurer cannot exercise the right of defense against the policy holder's failure to perform the obligation of truthful notification when the insurance contract is concluded. That is to say, the insurance contract cannot be cancelled on the basis of this matter. This clause plays an important role in restricting the insurer from abusing the right to rescind the contract and protecting the trusty interests of the policyholder. However, since the establishment of the indefensible clause system, although its connotation is rich and significant, there still exists the problem that the legal provisions are too abstract and simple, which has aroused controversy in academic circles. It also leads to the lack of uniform guidance in the application of judicial practice. Therefore, this article will combine the civil law principle and the British and American insurance law system origin, uses the empirical analysis method and the comparative analysis method to study our country non-defensible clause theory foundation and the concrete question of the judicial application process. In order to improve the non-defensible clause of our country. This paper consists of four parts. The main contents are as follows: the first part discusses the connotation, evolution and application of the non-defensible clause. Based on the connotation of the non-defense clause, this paper analyzes the rule of abstaining and estoppel from other restricted insurer's right of defense. By expounding the origin and development of the non-defensible clause, this paper objectively comments on the legislative status of the non-defensible clause in the insurance law of various countries and regions and in our country. This paper puts forward the application status and existing problems of the non-defensible clause in insurance law of our country. The second part focuses on the theoretical basis and function of the non-defensible clause. The theoretical basis of the introduction of non-defensible clause lies in the principles of good faith, fairness, trust interest and reasonable expectation of insurance contract. The non-defensible clause exerts the functions of protecting the trust-benefit of the policyholder, restricting the insurer's abusing the right of rescission, urging the insurer to strictly guarantee and reshaping the image of the insurance industry. The third part, analyzes and summarizes the dispute in the application of the non-defense clause of insurance law in our country. It includes: the scope of application of the non-defensible clause; whether the insured should apply the non-defensible clause in the insurance fraud; whether the application premise of the non-defensible clause should be limited to the absence of an insurance accident within two years; The relationship between the right of rescission of non-defensible clause and the right of rescission of contract law. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions to perfect the application of the non-defense clause and the establishment of the supporting mechanism for the application of the non-defense clause. First, it is clear that the non-defense clause applies to both personal and property insurance. Second, it is clear that malicious insurance fraud is not applicable to the non-defensible clause. Third, specify that the applicable premise should be limited to two years without an insurance accident. Fourthly, the relationship between the right of rescission of non-defense clause and the right of rescission of contract law is made clear. Fifth, define the insurance contract can be rebuttal when the starting period. In the establishment of supporting mechanisms, first, strengthen the training of insurance agents management. Second, strengthen insurance company insurance business management. Third, establish the insurance industry information sharing mechanism.
【學位授予單位】：廣東財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.284

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