本文選題：民事伴侶關(guān)系 + 事實婚姻��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：兩個均無配偶的完全民事行為能力人,沒有登記結(jié)婚形成相對穩(wěn)定的長期共同生活,構(gòu)成民事伴侶�；橐鲈谥袊说乃枷胫姓加兄匾匚�,但在追求個性,倡導(dǎo)自由的當今社會,越來越多的人選擇非婚的伴侶生活,以事實婚姻、同性婚姻為表象的新型家庭伴侶模式開始普遍出現(xiàn)。各國政府也逐漸意識到,民事伴侶已然成為不同于婚姻的另一種家庭生活方式,并且?guī)砹艘幌盗胸叫杞鉀Q的人身和財產(chǎn)問題。筆者通過大量的文獻與實證研究,采用了比較分析的方法,構(gòu)建了一套民事伴侶制度,不僅實現(xiàn)同性和異性伴侶的平等對待,而且有獨特適用于我國的同性伴侶登記制。此種制度的構(gòu)建不僅可以提高民事伴侶的社會接受程度,加強對弱者利益的保護,又可以解決伴侶制度"同案不同判"的司法尷尬,維護法律尊嚴,具有重大意義。因此,如何在維護婚姻傳統(tǒng)地位的前提下,對民事伴侶給予法律認可和規(guī)制,是筆者重點論述的內(nèi)容。本文內(nèi)容分為了四個部分:第一部分是民事伴侶概述,主要包括三個方面。首先,問題的提出,針對社會現(xiàn)實的變化與"伴侶"現(xiàn)象的興起,提出"現(xiàn)階段法律有無必要對民事伴侶進行規(guī)制?"的問題。其次,對比國內(nèi)外相關(guān)概念,針對我國國情,對民事伴侶范圍進行了界定,將其界定為兩個均無配偶的完全民事行為能力人,沒有登記結(jié)婚形成相對穩(wěn)定的長期共同生活者。最后,基于對伴侶現(xiàn)狀的事實調(diào)查證實了民事伴侶法律研究的必要性,回答了第一部分提出的問題。第二部分是國外伴侶關(guān)系法律制度研究,包括兩個方面。一是伴侶關(guān)系的立法模式,通過"等同于婚姻"和"區(qū)別于婚姻"兩個效力層次,列舉了不同國家采取的不同模式,并分析了其中的利與弊。二是西方主要國家的相關(guān)立法,特地選取了英、美、法、德四個標志性國家的立法,對這些立法制度研究與對比之后,提取出對我國有借鑒意義的規(guī)定。第三部分是我國伴侶關(guān)系立法的現(xiàn)實基礎(chǔ)、意義及可行性,主要分了三個部分。首先是我國伴侶現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查分析,用事實說明了民事伴侶關(guān)系立法的現(xiàn)實需求。其次是民事伴侶關(guān)系立法的意義,由伴侶關(guān)系引發(fā)問題的普遍性和嚴重性分析,得出完整的伴侶關(guān)系立法對于權(quán)利平等保護、和諧社會構(gòu)建以及大國形象樹立都具有重大的意義。最后是民事伴侶關(guān)系立法的可行性,重點論述了伴侶關(guān)系在我國立法可行的社會基礎(chǔ)和法理價值基礎(chǔ)。第四部分是我國民事伴侶關(guān)系法律制度構(gòu)建,分為了四個部分。第一是民事伴侶關(guān)系立法模式的選擇,重點論述了我國宜采用區(qū)別于婚姻的"事實伴侶"為主和"登記伴侶"為輔的折衷立法模式的原因。第二是民事伴侶關(guān)系的成立,伴侶關(guān)系的成立必須符合實質(zhì)要件和相應(yīng)的形式要件。第三是民事伴侶關(guān)系的效力,此部分是文章的重點,分為權(quán)利和義務(wù)兩個部分進行論述,對理論界爭論的同居義務(wù)、忠實義務(wù)、撫養(yǎng)權(quán)和繼承權(quán)等問題都做了清楚的說明。第四是民事伴侶關(guān)系的終止,伴侶關(guān)系的終止必須符合一定要件,比如雙方合意、單方通知、一方結(jié)婚或者死亡等。
[Abstract]:Two complete civil capacity persons without spouses have not registered a relatively stable long-term common life and constitute a civil partner. Marriage occupies an important position in the Chinese thought, but in the pursuit of personality and advocating freedom of today's society, more and more people choose non marital partners to live, in fact marriage, same-sex marriage The new pattern of family partners is beginning to emerge. The government has gradually realized that the civil partner has become another way of family life different from marriage, and has brought a series of people and property problems that need to be solved. Through a large number of literature and empirical research, the author uses a comparative analysis method to build the civil partner. A set of civil partner systems not only realizes the equal treatment of homosexual and heterosexual partners, but also has a unique registration system for homosexual partners in China. The construction of this system can not only improve the social acceptance of the civil partners, strengthen the protection of the interests of the weak, but also resolve the judicial embarrassment of the "different judgments of the same case" in the partner system. The dignity of the law is of great significance. Therefore, how to give legal recognition and regulation to the civil partner under the premise of maintaining the traditional status of marriage is the content of the author's emphasis. The content of this article is divided into four parts: the first part is the summary of the civil partners, mainly including three aspects. First, the question is put forward to the change of social reality. With the rise of the phenomenon of "partner", the question of "does the law need to regulate the civil partner at the present stage" is put forward. Secondly, in contrast to the relevant concepts at home and abroad, the scope of the civil partner is defined in accordance with the national conditions of our country, and it is defined as two persons without spouses, who have not registered a relatively stable marriage. Long term common living. Finally, based on the fact investigation of the status quo of the partner, the necessity of the civil partner legal research was confirmed and the questions raised in the first part were answered. The second part was the study of the legal system of foreign partner relations, including two aspects. First, the legislative model of partner relationship, through "equal to marriage" and "different from marriage" two. It enumerates the different modes of the different countries and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the different countries. Two is the relevant legislation of the main western countries, and specially selects the legislation of the four symbolic countries of Britain, America, France and Germany. After the study and comparison of these legislative systems, the article extracts the provisions for reference to our country. The third part is our country. The realistic basis, significance and feasibility of the partner relationship legislation is divided into three parts. First, it is the investigation and analysis of the status quo of the partner in our country. The actual needs of the legislation of the civil partnership are explained with facts. The second is the significance of the legislation of the civil partnership, the analysis of the universality and the seriousness of the questions caused by the relationship, and the complete companion The couple legislation is of great significance to the protection of equal rights, the construction of a harmonious society and the establishment of the image of a big country. Finally, it is the feasibility of the legislation of the civil partnership. The fourth part is the construction of the legal system of the civil partnership in China. For the four part, the first is the choice of the legislative mode of the civil partnership, and the reasons for the eclectic legislative mode, which are different from the "factual partner" and the "registered partner", should be adopted in our country. The second is the establishment of the civil partnership relationship, and the establishment of the partner relationship must conform to the essential elements and the corresponding forms. The third is the effectiveness of the civil partnership. This part is the focus of the article. It is divided into two parts of rights and obligations. It makes a clear explanation of the cohabitation obligations, loyalty obligations, upbringing and inheritance rights in the theoretical circles. Fourth is the termination of the civil partnership relationship, and the termination of the partner relationship must conform to certain requirements. If both parties agree, one side will inform the other party of marriage or death.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.9

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