本文選題：離婚扶養(yǎng)制度　切入點：基本理論　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度是我國婚姻法的重要內(nèi)容之一,實踐證明,該制度在保障離婚弱者方面發(fā)揮著離婚補償制度、離婚損害賠償制度以及夫妻財產(chǎn)分割制度不可替代的作用。在現(xiàn)有社會保障制度不健全的情況,完善我國的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助能夠更好地為離婚弱者提供法律救濟。同時,婚姻家庭編是民法典的重要部分,建立完善的婚姻家庭制度對于民法典的制定非常重要。因此,本文擬對國外的離婚扶養(yǎng)制度和我國的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度進行理論上的探討,以便為完善我國的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度提供理論上的參考。 我國1980年婚姻法規(guī)定了離婚時對生活困難一方的經(jīng)濟幫助制度,該法規(guī)定:“離婚時,如一方生活困難,另一方應(yīng)當(dāng)給予適當(dāng)?shù)慕?jīng)濟幫助�！�2001年修訂的《婚姻法》增補規(guī)定:“離婚時,如一方生活困難,另一方應(yīng)從其住房等個人財產(chǎn)中給予適當(dāng)幫助。”修訂的婚姻法增加了從住房等方面給以經(jīng)濟幫助這一提示性規(guī)定,符合我國傳統(tǒng)的婚居方式,對我國人民法院依法解決大部分離婚婦女無住房的實際困難,具有較大的現(xiàn)實意義。但是,通過對國外離婚扶養(yǎng)制度進行比較分析,筆者認為我國的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度存在以下一些不足:第一,由于我國離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度規(guī)定過于原則,缺乏可操作性,在許多情況下,法院沒有法定的判決標準,導(dǎo)致法律適用的不統(tǒng)一;第二,我國經(jīng)濟幫助的條件過于苛刻,請求經(jīng)濟幫助的時間限制過嚴,判斷是否需要幫助的標準太低;第三,經(jīng)濟幫助協(xié)議中的完全自由主義不利于保護弱者利益;第四,經(jīng)濟幫助的數(shù)額、期限以及方式不具體;第五,經(jīng)濟幫助費用執(zhí)行的保障措施存在不足,一些當(dāng)事人的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助費難以得到執(zhí)行;第六,沒有規(guī)定變更和終止離婚經(jīng)濟幫助的法定情形。 據(jù)調(diào)查,在我國,請求離婚時經(jīng)濟幫助的多為女性,有的地方甚至達到90%以上,由于現(xiàn)有的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度存在以上不足,很大一部分婦女并不能獲得離婚時的經(jīng)濟幫助,或者判決的經(jīng)濟幫助數(shù)額偏低,導(dǎo)致一些離婚女性貧困化,離該制度保障弱者的宗旨相差甚遠。在國外,許多國家建立起了完備的離婚扶養(yǎng)制度,其規(guī)定無疑對完善我國的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度有著重要的借鑒意義。有鑒于此,本文擬運用比較分析的方法兼社會性別分析方法對離婚扶養(yǎng)制度送行理論上的探討,對國外的離婚扶養(yǎng)制度進行比較、分析和總結(jié),并對完善我國的離婚經(jīng)濟幫助制度提出立法建議,
[Abstract]:The financial aid system of divorce is one of the important contents of our country's marriage law. It has been proved by practice that the system plays an irreplaceable role in protecting the weak of divorce, the system of compensation for divorce damages and the system of separating property between husband and wife.In the current situation of imperfect social security system, improving the economic help of divorce in China can better provide legal relief for the divorced weak.At the same time, marriage and family compilation is an important part of civil code, and it is very important to establish perfect marriage and family system.Therefore, this article intends to carry on the theoretical discussion to the foreign divorce support system and our country divorce economic assistance system, in order to provide the theory reference for the consummation our country divorce economic help system.The 1980 Marriage Law of China provides for a system of financial assistance to one of the parties in need of life in the event of divorce. The law states: "in the event of divorce, if one party is in difficulty in life,The other party shall give appropriate financial assistance. "the Marriage Act, as amended in 2001, provides that" in the event of divorce, if one party is in difficulty in life, the other party shall give appropriate assistance from his or her personal property, such as housing. "The revised Marriage Law increases the indicative provision of economic assistance from housing and other aspects, conforms to the traditional way of marriage and housing in our country, and solves the practical difficulties of the majority of divorced women without housing in our country's people's courts in accordance with the law.It is of great practical significance.However, through the comparative analysis of the foreign divorce support system, the author thinks that there are some shortcomings in our divorce economic aid system: first, because the provisions of the divorce economic aid system in our country are too principled, it is lack of maneuverability.In many cases, the courts do not have the legal judgment standard, leading to the inconsistent application of the law; second, the conditions of economic assistance in our country are too harsh, the time limit for requesting economic help is too strict, and the standard for judging whether or not assistance is needed is too low;Third, complete liberalism in the economic aid agreement is not conducive to protecting the interests of the weak; fourth, the amount, duration and manner of economic assistance are not specific; and fifth, there are insufficient safeguards for the implementation of economic assistance costs.Some parties' divorce financial aid fees are difficult to enforce; sixthly, there is no provision for changing and terminating the legal situation of divorce financial aid.According to a survey, in our country, women are the majority of people who request financial assistance at the time of divorce, and some places even reach more than 90%. Due to the above deficiencies in the existing financial assistance system for divorce, a large proportion of women are not able to obtain financial assistance at the time of divorce.Or the amount of financial aid is low, leading to poverty of some divorced women, far from the purpose of the system to protect the weak.In foreign countries, many countries have established a complete divorce support system, its provisions undoubtedly have an important reference significance to improve our divorce economic help system.In view of this, this paper intends to use the method of comparative analysis and social gender analysis to discuss the theory of divorce and support system, and to compare, analyze and summarize the system of divorce support abroad.And put forward legislative suggestions to perfect the economic aid system of divorce in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：D923.9

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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本文編號：1715067