本文關鍵詞：婚姻關系中“第三者”的侵權民事責任研究　出處：《上海交通大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：新婚姻法的出臺并沒有對婚姻“第三者”這一社會熱點問題進行立法上的規(guī)范。本文對建立婚姻關系中“第三者”侵權民事責任持肯定觀點。這是因為,建立“第三者”侵權民事責任制度是對合法權利的保護,是道德法律化的需要,更是維護社會和諧的需要。 筆者從四個方面展開對婚姻“第三者”侵權民事責任的研究。 第一部分,整合社會民眾及法學界的觀點,進行分析,找到該問題的爭論焦點,有針對性的討論法律是否應當規(guī)范婚姻“第三者”的行為。經(jīng)過分析得出應當建立婚姻關系中“第三者”侵權民事責任的結論。因為合法的婚姻關系受到法律保護,而道德規(guī)范并沒有使婚姻“第三者”現(xiàn)象有所緩和。此外,婚姻“第三者”的行為是影響社會和諧的不安因素,阻礙社會健康發(fā)展。 第二部分,分析建立婚姻關系中“第三者”侵權民事責任的理論基礎,即分析婚姻“第三者”及“配偶權”的法律概念。本文以保護合法婚姻關系為出發(fā)點,兼顧婚姻“第三者”的其他合法權益,給出二者含義如下:婚姻“第三者”是指明知他人有配偶而與之發(fā)生不正當關系,并對他人合法婚姻造成損害后果的有民事行為能力的人;配偶權是指法律賦予的夫妻互為配偶的基本身份權,表明夫妻之間互為配偶的身份利益,由權利人專屬支配,其他任何人均負有不得侵犯的義務。 第三部分,分析婚姻關系中“第三者”侵權的構成要件。由于婚姻“第三者”問題的特殊性,筆者認為不宜無限擴大法律規(guī)范的范圍,應在構成要件上采取嚴格限制。首先,確立歸責原則,以過錯歸責原則為主,以推定過錯原則為輔。依據(jù)歸責原則確立婚姻“第三者”侵權的構成要件為違法行為、損害事實、因果關系、主觀過錯。 第四部分,首先,對外國關于婚姻“第三者”侵權行為的法律規(guī)范進行總結歸納。其次,對我國婚姻“第三者”侵權責任制度現(xiàn)狀進行整理并分析不足之處。最后,提出我國建立婚姻關系中“第三者”侵權責任制度的立法構想。這主要涉及相關法律概念的確定,即婚姻“第三者”、配偶權;婚姻法第四十六條的不足及修改;舉證責任倒置;不確立連帶責任;以調(diào)解為主的救濟方式。
[Abstract]:The legislation of the social hot issues of the new marriage law issued without marriage of "third party". The establishment of marriage third party tort liability held a positive view. This is because the establishment of "third party" tort liability system is to protect the legitimate rights and moral need the law, is to maintain social harmony.
From four aspects, the author studies the civil liability for the infringement of the "third party" in marriage.
The first part, the integration of social and public law point of view, analysis, find the debate focus, discussed whether the law should regulate the marriage third party's behavior. We should establish the system of marriage third party's tort liability conclusion. Because the legal marriage by law protection and ethics does not make marriage "third party" phenomenon eased. In addition, the marriage third party's behavior is affecting social harmony, hindering the healthy development of the society.
The second part analyzes the theory foundation of establishing marriage third party's tort liability, the legal concept of marriage third party and spouse right. In order to protect the lawful marriage relationship as a starting point, both marriage and other legitimate rights and interests of the "third party", given the two meanings as follows: marriage third "means knowingly and improper relationship between spouses, and the consequences of damage caused by legal marriage others have the capacity for civil conduct; spouse rights refers to the law gives couples mutual basic identity right of spouse, spouse for mutual benefit shows between husband and wife, dominated by the right person, any other can not infringe the obligations.
The third part, analysis the elements of marriage third party tort. Because of the particularity of the marriage "third party", the author considers it inappropriate to expand the scope of legal norms, should take strict constituents. Firstly, establish the principle of imputation, mainly based on the principle of fault liability, the principle of presumption of fault on the basis of supplement. Elements of imputation principles of marriage third party tort for illegal behavior, damage fact, causality and subjective fault.
The fourth part, first of all, the legal norms of foreign marriage third party tort is summarized. Secondly, the status quo of our system of marriage third party tort liability to collate and analyze the shortcomings. Finally, proposed the establishment of legislation of marriage relation in our country "third" tort liability system. It mainly involves the related legal concepts, namely marriage "third party", and lack of right of spouse; Amendment forty-sixth marriage law; burden of proof; do not establish joint liability; mediation based on the way of relief.

【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D923.9

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本文編號：1360426