本文選題：環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭　切入點：案源　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境問題的日益嚴(yán)重,人們的環(huán)境意識也逐漸增強,并且在努力尋求各種途徑來解決環(huán)境問題。通過司法途徑解決環(huán)境問題受到了社會的重視,涉及環(huán)境保護(hù)訴訟案件的數(shù)量也隨之不斷增長。環(huán)境保護(hù)案件涉及民事、行政、刑事法律關(guān)系,而且具有很強的專業(yè)性,法院傳統(tǒng)的民事審判庭、行政審判庭和刑事審判庭的劃分無法適應(yīng)日益增長的環(huán)境保護(hù)案件的特殊性要求。這就需要設(shè)立環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭以適應(yīng)環(huán)境保護(hù)案件的需要,提高環(huán)境保護(hù)案件的處理效率。同時,設(shè)立環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭也是強化國家環(huán)境保護(hù)職能和“兩型社會”建設(shè)的需要。 我國設(shè)立環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭是符合法律規(guī)定的,并且在貴州、云南、江蘇等省份已經(jīng)開始實踐。設(shè)立環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭也是國際化的一種趨勢,美國、澳大利亞、新西南等國家都設(shè)立了環(huán)境保護(hù)法院或環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭,這些都為我們研究環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭提供了借鑒。然而,由于我國的環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭起步比較晚,法律規(guī)定不完善,公民環(huán)境保護(hù)和維權(quán)意識還有待提高等方面的原因,環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭目前只在我國少數(shù)幾個省市的中級人民法院和基層人民法院設(shè)立,并且面臨著案源少、管轄設(shè)置不科學(xué)、審判過程存在障礙、法律責(zé)任落實難等問題。對于這些問題需要從產(chǎn)生的原因出發(fā),結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的實踐經(jīng)驗,并對國外的做法加以合理借鑒才能從根本上加以解決。 在根據(jù)不同地區(qū)的實際情況普及設(shè)立層級完備的環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭的基礎(chǔ)上。首先,通過擴大環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭的受案范圍、擴大環(huán)境公益訴訟的原告資格、鼓勵原告提起環(huán)境訴訟等措施拓寬環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭的案件來源。其次,通過有條件地提高對環(huán)境公益訴訟的管轄級別、設(shè)置以環(huán)境要素為基礎(chǔ)的集中管轄權(quán)使環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭的管轄更為科學(xué)。再次,建立“三合一”審判程序、加強專業(yè)審判隊伍的建設(shè)、建立中立的環(huán)境監(jiān)測機構(gòu)和鑒定機構(gòu)以完善環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭的案件審判功能。最后,建立大調(diào)解機制、并在裁判中進(jìn)行利益衡量來促進(jìn)法律責(zé)任的落實。從而全面完善我國的環(huán)境保護(hù)法庭。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental problems, people's environmental awareness is gradually enhanced, and efforts to find various ways to solve environmental problems.Social attention has been attached to the solution of environmental problems through judicial means, and the number of cases involving environmental protection has been increasing.Environmental protection cases involve civil, administrative and criminal legal relations, and are highly professional.The division of administrative and criminal divisions can not adapt to the increasing particularity of environmental protection cases.Therefore, it is necessary to set up environmental protection courts to meet the needs of environmental protection cases and improve the efficiency of environmental protection cases.At the same time, setting up the court of environmental protection is the need to strengthen the function of national environmental protection and the construction of "two-oriented society".The establishment of environmental courts in China is in accordance with the law, and has begun to be practiced in Guizhou, Yunnan, Jiangsu and other provinces.Setting up an environmental court is also an international trend. The United States, Australia, New Southwest and other countries have set up environmental protection courts or environmental courts, which provide a reference for us to study environmental protection courts.However, due to the relatively late start of the environmental protection courts in our country, the imperfection of the laws and regulations, and the need to improve the awareness of environmental protection and rights protection of citizens,At present, the environmental protection court is only set up in the intermediate people's court and the basic people's court in a few provinces and cities of our country, and it is faced with such problems as fewer cases, unscientific jurisdiction, obstacles in the course of trial, difficulty in carrying out legal responsibility, and so on.In order to solve these problems, we should start from the causes, combine the existing practical experience, and use the foreign practices for reference.In accordance with the actual situation in different regions, the establishment of a comprehensive hierarchy of environmental courts on the basis of.First of all, by expanding the scope of environmental protection court cases, expanding the plaintiff's qualification of environmental public interest litigation, encouraging the plaintiff to bring environmental litigation and other measures to broaden the source of environmental protection court cases.Secondly, the jurisdiction of environmental protection court is more scientific by improving the jurisdiction level of environmental public interest litigation and setting up centralized jurisdiction based on environmental elements.Thirdly, we should establish "three-in-one" trial procedure, strengthen the construction of professional judicial team, and establish neutral environmental monitoring and appraisal institutions to perfect the trial function of environmental protection court.Finally, the establishment of a mediation mechanism, and in the adjudication of interests to promote the implementation of legal responsibility.In order to improve our environmental protection courts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.2;D922.68

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 沈忱;論我國環(huán)保司法審判機關(guān)的構(gòu)建[D];南京大學(xué);2012年

2 鄧海林;我國環(huán)境司法專門化研究[D];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1689367