本文關(guān)鍵詞： 規(guī)章制度 合理性 效力判定 法律缺漏 實(shí)務(wù)困惑 完善建議　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：勞動(dòng)規(guī)章制度,也就是《勞動(dòng)法》中所采用的用人單位規(guī)章制度這一概念,是用人單位制定的組織勞動(dòng)過程和進(jìn)行勞動(dòng)管理的規(guī)則與制度的總和。1作為管理勞動(dòng)者的一種輔助性手段,實(shí)踐中,用人單位為了最大程度制約勞動(dòng)行為,往往會(huì)將規(guī)章制度的管理范圍設(shè)定的十分廣泛,使得部分內(nèi)容明顯超越了對(duì)勞動(dòng)者在生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動(dòng)中行為的規(guī)制,已然造成了對(duì)其個(gè)人生活的干預(yù),這種規(guī)章制度雖然在內(nèi)容上沒有違反法律規(guī)定,但是卻明顯不具備合理性。由于我國《勞動(dòng)合同法》中只規(guī)定了規(guī)章制度應(yīng)當(dāng)具備合法性要素,對(duì)欠缺合理性規(guī)章制度的相關(guān)問題并沒有涉及,因而實(shí)踐中就欠缺合理性的規(guī)章制度是否具有法律效力、規(guī)章制度合理性的審查權(quán)主體以及合理性的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等一系列問題存在爭議,司法實(shí)務(wù)中就該問題所面臨的困惑也日漸突出。因此,本文著力對(duì)合理性是否應(yīng)作為規(guī)章制度的必備生效要件、現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)定存在的缺漏與實(shí)務(wù)中的困惑、規(guī)章制度合理性的內(nèi)生性考量因素以及規(guī)章制度合理性規(guī)定的完善建議等問題進(jìn)行探討。文章以引言中案例“員工乘坐黑車上下班被解雇”為切入點(diǎn),按照“提出問題、分析問題、解決問題”的思路,將全文分為以下四個(gè)部分。第一部分,對(duì)用人單位規(guī)章制度合理性的含義及法律意義進(jìn)行分析。含義部分包括用人單位規(guī)章制度的概念、性質(zhì)、特征、合理性的概念以及合法性與合理性的關(guān)系;在此基礎(chǔ)上探討合理性對(duì)規(guī)章制度效力判定的影響,首先列舉不同觀點(diǎn)對(duì)合理性是否應(yīng)作為規(guī)章制度生效要件的理論爭議,然后提出筆者觀點(diǎn):欠缺合理性的規(guī)章制度不能作為用人單位的管理依據(jù)。第二部分,就現(xiàn)行法律關(guān)于用人單位規(guī)章制度合理性問題的規(guī)定進(jìn)行逐部縷析,探討現(xiàn)階段法律規(guī)定存在的缺漏與不足,即由于上位立法中欠缺對(duì)規(guī)章制度合理性問題的明確規(guī)定,使得全國各地方性規(guī)定中立法各異、不相統(tǒng)一;與此同時(shí),提出司法實(shí)務(wù)中所面臨的困惑:即對(duì)法院和仲裁委是否具有規(guī)章制度合理性審查權(quán)的爭議,以及民主程序與規(guī)章制度合理性的條件關(guān)系問題。第三部分,論述用人單位規(guī)章制度合理性的內(nèi)生性考量因素。分別從程序性因素與實(shí)體性因素著手,以歸納規(guī)章制度所設(shè)制度利益的方式論證合理性的實(shí)體性考量因素應(yīng)包括以下三個(gè)部分:“用人單位自主管理”是規(guī)章制度設(shè)定的制度初衷、“生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動(dòng)”是規(guī)章制度設(shè)定的制度界限以及“保障勞動(dòng)權(quán)利”是規(guī)章制度設(shè)定的制度目標(biāo)。第四部分,針對(duì)前文指出的現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)定存在的不足與司法實(shí)務(wù)中所面臨的困惑,提出相應(yīng)的完善建議,即通過法律立法明確規(guī)定規(guī)章制度應(yīng)具備合理性要素、明確裁判機(jī)構(gòu)的規(guī)章制度合理性審查權(quán)以及確定規(guī)章制度合理性的審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:The concept of employing unit rules and regulations, which is used in the Labor Law, It is the summation of the rules and systems of organizing labor process and carrying out labor management formulated by the employing unit as an auxiliary means of managing the laborer. In practice, in order to restrict labor behavior to the greatest extent, the unit of choose and employ persons, The rules and regulations are often set to a very wide range of management, so that part of the content obviously beyond the regulation of workers in production and business activities, has caused interference in their personal lives, Although such rules and regulations do not violate the legal provisions in content, they are obviously not reasonable. Since China's Labor contract Law only stipulates that the rules and regulations should have the elements of legality, The lack of reasonable rules and regulations is not involved in the relevant issues, so in practice, whether the lack of reasonable rules and regulations have legal effect, A series of issues such as the subject of the right to review the rationality of the rules and regulations and the criteria for the determination of the rationality are controversial, and the confusion about this issue is becoming increasingly prominent in the judicial practice. This paper focuses on whether rationality should be regarded as the necessary effective element of the rules and regulations, the gaps existing in the current laws and regulations and the confusion in practice. This paper discusses the endogenous considerations of the rationality of rules and regulations and the suggestions for the perfection of the rules and regulations. The article starts with the case of "employees being dismissed from work in black cars", and puts forward the questions according to "." The article is divided into the following four parts: the first part analyzes the rationality and legal significance of the rules and regulations of the employing unit. The meaning part includes the concept and nature of the rules and regulations of the unit of choose and employ persons. On the basis of analyzing the influence of rationality on the validity of rules and regulations, the author first lists the theoretical disputes on whether rationality should be regarded as the effective elements of rules and regulations. Then I put forward the author's point of view: the lack of reasonable rules and regulations can not be taken as the management basis of the unit of choose and employ persons. The second part, the current law on the rationality of the rules and regulations of the unit of choose and employ persons is analyzed part by part. This paper discusses the deficiencies and deficiencies of the current legal provisions, that is, the lack of clear provisions on the rationality of the rules and regulations in the upper legislation, which makes the local regulations of the whole country different and not unified; at the same time, The puzzles in judicial practice are put forward, that is, whether the court and the arbitration commission have the right to examine the rationality of the rules and regulations, and the relationship between the democratic procedure and the rationality of the rules and regulations. This paper discusses the endogenous factors of the reasonableness of the rules and regulations of the employer. The substantive consideration of the reasonableness in the way of concluding the system interests established by the rules and regulations should include the following three parts: "the unit of choose and employ persons' autonomous management" is the original intention of the rules and regulations, and "production and management activities" are the rules and regulations. The institutional boundaries set by the chapter system and the "protection of labor rights" are the institutional objectives set by the rules and regulations. Part 4th, In view of the shortcomings of the existing laws and regulations and the confusion in the judicial practice, this paper puts forward the corresponding suggestions for perfection, that is, the rules and regulations should have reasonable elements by means of legal legislation. To define the authority of reviewing the rules and regulations of the referee and to determine the standards for the review of the reasonableness of the rules and regulations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D922.5

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