【摘要】：世界各國都普遍存在著罪犯和犯罪現(xiàn)象。這兩者密切相關(guān)，不可分割。目前，如何改造罪犯已經(jīng)成為世界各國面臨的共同課題，，它不但關(guān)系到罪犯個人的生存與生活，也關(guān)系到國家的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。更好的改造罪犯是世界各國文明進(jìn)步的要求所指，也是我國構(gòu)建和諧社會、促進(jìn)社會發(fā)展的內(nèi)在需求。然而，罪犯改造工作并非隨著犯罪現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生而出現(xiàn)，它是經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、歷史、文化、軍事等發(fā)展到一定程度的綜合產(chǎn)物。在漫長的罪犯改造歷史中，各國結(jié)合本國國情，不斷研究、不斷調(diào)整，逐步形成了一些模式化的內(nèi)容�？疾焓澜绺鲊锓父脑炷Ｊ降幕緲�(gòu)成元素，參照我國目前已有的罪犯改造工作成果，本文將罪犯改造模式定義為：以世界環(huán)境和聯(lián)合國法律規(guī)定為背景，在特定的各國國內(nèi)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、歷史的影響下，由改造理念、改造目標(biāo)、改造手段、改造內(nèi)容、改造制度等基本構(gòu)成元素有機(jī)組合的綜合體。 本文將立足于國外罪犯改造歷史以及國內(nèi)國外目前對罪犯改造的研究成果，以時間和空間為線索，對國外罪犯改造工作進(jìn)行深入而細(xì)致的介紹，并對罪犯改造模式進(jìn)行概念界定；以橫向的構(gòu)成因素為要點(diǎn)，從改造理念、改造目標(biāo)、改造手段、改造內(nèi)容、改造制度等五個方面對罪犯改造模式進(jìn)行框架解剖和分析；并將結(jié)合當(dāng)前世界各國罪犯改造工作的實(shí)踐情況和現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)制，首次將國外罪犯改造模式劃分為以報(bào)應(yīng)刑為主的罪犯改造模式和以教育刑為主的罪犯改造模式，并總結(jié)、提煉出了罪犯改造的中國模式。 新中國成立六十多年以來，中國的罪犯改造工作不斷進(jìn)行調(diào)整改革，不斷與時俱進(jìn)，形成了具有代表性的罪犯改造模式。2011年《中華人民共和國刑法修正案（八）》頒布，2012年新《刑事訴訟法修正案》在第十一屆全國人民代表大會上通過并將于2013年實(shí)施。這些調(diào)整都為中國罪犯改造工作提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)。罪犯改造模式將在人性化、社會化、手段多樣化方面不斷發(fā)展完善。這些也將使中國罪犯改造工作更加符合中國國情與時代精神。
[Abstract]:Criminal and criminal phenomena are widespread in all countries of the world. The two are closely related and inseparable. At present, how to reform criminals has become a common issue facing all countries in the world. It is not only related to the survival and life of criminals, but also to the stability and development of the country. Better reform of criminals is the requirement of civilization and progress of all countries in the world. It is also the internal demand of constructing a harmonious society and promoting social development in our country. However, the reform of criminals does not come into being with the emergence of criminal phenomena. It is a comprehensive product of economic, political, historical, cultural and military development to a certain extent. In the long history of criminal reform, various countries constantly studied and adjusted according to their national conditions, and gradually formed some formulaic contents. Based on the investigation of the basic elements of the rehabilitation model of criminals in various countries in the world, and referring to the existing achievements in the reform of criminals in China, this paper defines the reform model of criminals as follows: against the background of the world environment and the legal provisions of the United Nations. Under the influence of politics, economy, culture and history of certain countries, the organic combination of basic elements, such as the idea of transformation, the objective of transformation, the means of transformation, the content of transformation, the reform of system, etc. Based on the history of the reform of foreign criminals and the current research achievements on the reform of criminals at home and abroad, this paper will take time and space as a clue to introduce the reform work of foreign criminals in depth and meticulous. And define the concept of criminal reform model; This paper analyzes the reform model of criminals from five aspects: the idea of reform, the goal, the means, the content and the system. Combined with the practice of the reform of criminals in various countries in the world and the current legal regulations, the reform mode of foreign criminals is divided into two modes: one is retribution punishment and the other is education punishment, and the other is summarized. The Chinese model for reforming criminals has been refined. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China more than 60 years ago, the reform of criminals in China has been constantly undergoing readjustment and reform, and it has constantly kept pace with the times, forming a representative model for the reform of criminals. In 2011, the Criminal Law Amendment (8) of the people's Republic of China was promulgated. The new Criminal procedure Law Amendment in 2012 was adopted by the Eleventh National people's Congress and will be implemented in 2013. These adjustments have put forward new challenges for the reform of Chinese criminals. Criminal reform mode will be humanized, socialized and diversified. These will also make the reform of Chinese criminals more in line with China's national conditions and the spirit of the times.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D926.7

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本文編號：2301173