本文選題：政府法律顧問(wèn)　切入點(diǎn)：依法行政　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化與社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展,導(dǎo)致國(guó)家法治問(wèn)題日益突出,政府機(jī)關(guān)面臨著越來(lái)越多的復(fù)雜法律事務(wù),公民與法人的法制觀念和法律意識(shí)不斷增強(qiáng),更多的行政爭(zhēng)議和行政法律事務(wù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,這就要求政府集中更多的精力去處理此類事務(wù)。更重要的是,各級(jí)政府要最大程度地減少行政政策的隨意性和盲目性,實(shí)現(xiàn)依法決策、科學(xué)決策、民主決策等等,這些都不同程度地制約著政府法律顧問(wèn)制度的建立與完善。十八屆三中全會(huì)決定要"普遍建立政府法律顧問(wèn)制度",十八屆四中全會(huì)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)要保證法律顧問(wèn)在重大決策中的積極作用。這兩次會(huì)議的決定,為我國(guó)加強(qiáng)、完善政府法律顧問(wèn)制度,提供了強(qiáng)有力的支持和依據(jù)。隨著我國(guó)"四個(gè)全面"戰(zhàn)略布局的開展和"依法治國(guó)"基本方針的提出,政府法律顧問(wèn)制度的規(guī)范化、常態(tài)化在法治一體化建設(shè)以及依法行政、依法執(zhí)政中越來(lái)越顯現(xiàn)出其必要性和重要性。在我國(guó)政府法律顧問(wèn)制度誕生、發(fā)展的三十多年間,一方面成效初顯,積累了一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn);另一方面,也暴露出發(fā)展不均衡、差距過(guò)大、機(jī)制不健全、依附性強(qiáng)等諸多問(wèn)題。我國(guó)對(duì)這方面的研究文獻(xiàn)不多,大多集中在政府律師和公職律師方面,沒有真正深入探討剖析政府法律顧問(wèn)制度。從2013年黨的十八屆三中全會(huì)后,對(duì)該制度的研究才真正被重視起來(lái),出現(xiàn)了很多文章,不過(guò)研究方向仍然有些片面單一,側(cè)重點(diǎn)主要集中在幾個(gè)共同的方面:政府法律顧問(wèn)制度的構(gòu)想、建議;政府法律顧問(wèn)的工作內(nèi)容;對(duì)已經(jīng)頒布的各省工作細(xì)則進(jìn)行解讀;對(duì)國(guó)外政府法律顧問(wèn)制度的研究與借鑒等等。研究成果缺乏系統(tǒng)性。政府法律顧問(wèn)制度,將法律顧問(wèn)作為政府決策的規(guī)范者和監(jiān)督者,不僅可以切實(shí)提高政府決策的水平,為政府決策提供專業(yè)的建議,有效降低政府決策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和成本,提高決策的質(zhì)量和科學(xué)性,還有利于集中民智、凝聚民力、體現(xiàn)民意,真正讓政府做到依法行政,逐步推進(jìn)法治國(guó)家的建設(shè)。為進(jìn)一步完善政府法律顧問(wèn)制度,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)法律顧問(wèn)工作的機(jī)制化與規(guī)范化,國(guó)家應(yīng)明確政府法律顧問(wèn)工作的意義與職責(zé),規(guī)范政府在法律顧問(wèn)工作的行為,進(jìn)一步理順?lè)深檰?wèn)部門職能,明確職責(zé)分工,避免管理上的重復(fù)或疏漏,建立起有序的政府法律顧問(wèn)工作體系。本文以山東、吉林、上海、北京等省市的政府法律顧問(wèn)工作細(xì)則為研究對(duì)象,概括性地介紹了政府法律顧問(wèn)制度內(nèi)涵的界定和實(shí)施的價(jià)值,通過(guò)解讀政府法律顧問(wèn)制度建立的理論基礎(chǔ),借鑒其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn),系統(tǒng)詮釋我國(guó)政府法律顧問(wèn)制度的歷史與發(fā)展,深入探討了政府法律顧問(wèn)的利益沖突問(wèn)題及規(guī)則。以各省市為例,采用個(gè)案分析法,分析了我國(guó)政府法律顧問(wèn)制度的類別、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和存在問(wèn)題,并提出合理化建議。由于這項(xiàng)制度在我國(guó)真正的實(shí)施時(shí)間不長(zhǎng),許多隱藏的問(wèn)題和弊端還沒有完全暴露,對(duì)該制度的研究和建議難免紙上談兵,缺乏實(shí)證支持,但任何一項(xiàng)新興制度的實(shí)施過(guò)程都是在不斷的理論研究、構(gòu)想中完善、健全,本文旨在對(duì)完善我國(guó)政府法律顧問(wèn)制度進(jìn)行探討,希望能對(duì)促進(jìn)健全我國(guó)政府法律顧問(wèn)制度有所幫助,從而吸引更多的優(yōu)秀法律人才融入到政府建設(shè)中來(lái),以此加快法制中國(guó)建設(shè)的步伐。
[Abstract]:Economic globalization and sustainable development of the socialist market economy, leading to the country under the rule of law is becoming increasingly prominent, the government is facing more and more complex legal affairs, citizens and legal persons legal concept and legal consciousness, more administrative disputes and administrative legal affairs came into being, which requires the government to focus more effort to deal with such matters. More importantly, governments at all levels should minimize the administrative policy of randomness and blindness, to achieve decision-making, scientific decision-making, democratic decision-making and so on, these are different degree to restrict the establishment and perfection of the government legal adviser. In the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee decided to "establish a government legal adviser system, stressed the need to further in the fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee to ensure the positive role of the legal adviser in a major decision. This two meeting decided to strengthen our country perfect The government legal system provides strong support and basis. As China's "four comprehensive" strategic layout and the development of "rule of law" the basic principle is put forward, the standardization of the government legal advisory system, the normalization of the integration of the construction of the rule of law and administrative law, ruling in increasingly shows its necessity and the importance of our government legal adviser. In the system of birth, development of more than 30 years, on the one hand, the effectiveness of previews, accumulated certain experience; on the other hand, also exposed the unbalanced development, the gap is too large, the mechanism is not perfect, many problems of strong attachment. Many of our country in the aspects of research literature. Mostly concentrated in government lawyers and public lawyers, no real in-depth analysis of government legal adviser system. From the party in 2013 the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee after the study of the system really pay attention to it, and there is a Many articles, but there are still some research directions of single one-sided, focus mainly on several common aspects: conception, the government legal advisory system recommendations; work of government legal adviser; interpretation of published the work rules of research and reference to the foreign government; legal consultant system and so on. The lack of systematic research results the government legal system will be regarded as the legal adviser of the government decision-making norms and supervisor, not only can effectively improve the government decision-making level, to provide professional advice for government decision-making, reduce the risk and cost of government decision-making, improve the quality and scientific decision-making, and to pool their wisdom, unite their resources to reflect public opinion, really the government administration according to law, and gradually promote the construction of rule of law. In order to further improve the system of government legal adviser, finally realizes the legal consultant working machine Preparation and standardization, the state should clear responsibilities and significance of government legal advisory work, standardize government behavior in legal advisory work, to further rationalize the legal adviser department functions, a clear division of responsibilities, to avoid duplication or omission of management, established the orderly government legal advisory work system. This paper takes Shandong, Jilin, Shanghai. Beijing provincial government legal advisory work rules as the research object, briefly introduces the definition of the government legal advisory system and implementation of value, theoretical basis of establishing the legal adviser of the government through the system, according to actual experiences of other countries and regions, the history and development of system of interpretation of Chinese government legal adviser system, in-depth study the conflict of interest rules and legal counsel for the government. In various provinces and cities as an example, using case analysis, analysis of China's government legal adviser in class No, the development situation and existing problems, and puts forward some suggestions. As a result of this system in the implementation of China's real time is not long, many hidden problems have not been fully exposed, study and suggestion on the system is lack of empirical support, empty talk, but the implementation of any new system are in the theoretical research idea constantly, perfect, perfect, in order to perfect our country government legal adviser system are discussed, hoping to help promote and improve our system of government legal adviser, in order to attract more excellent legal talents into the government in the construction of legal system, in order to speed up the pace of construction China.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D926.5

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