本文選題：新修辭學(xué) + 聽(tīng)眾理論�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：起源于古希臘西方修辭學(xué)最初即被應(yīng)用在法庭的訴訟演說(shuō)中,經(jīng)過(guò)古羅馬,文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期,吸取了亞里士多德關(guān)于修辭學(xué)的論證方法,逐漸發(fā)展成為新修辭學(xué)。新修辭學(xué)逐漸引起了歐美修辭理論家的關(guān)注,并開(kāi)始了深入的研究,佩雷爾曼作為新修辭學(xué)理論的代表人物,提出了著名的聽(tīng)眾理論,強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)眾在演說(shuō)中的地位,通過(guò)對(duì)聽(tīng)眾的分析,來(lái)達(dá)到說(shuō)服聽(tīng)眾的目的,獲得演說(shuō)的成功。聽(tīng)眾理論同樣會(huì)影響到司法審判,在法庭論辯中,法官,律師,當(dāng)事人以及公眾都會(huì)成為修辭關(guān)系中的重要因素,如何抓住這些聽(tīng)眾的心理,決定著論辯成功與否。影響法庭論辯中的聽(tīng)眾因素有很多,將這些因素和修辭學(xué)聯(lián)系起來(lái),成為說(shuō)服的關(guān)鍵。 聽(tīng)眾理論中的普遍聽(tīng)眾和特殊聽(tīng)眾有一定的聯(lián)系,又有很大的區(qū)別,普遍聽(tīng)眾是言說(shuō)者心中的理想聽(tīng)眾,在言說(shuō)者心中認(rèn)為,聽(tīng)眾理應(yīng)如此；而特殊聽(tīng)眾是多元的,特殊聽(tīng)眾具有不同的特性,對(duì)普遍聽(tīng)眾的說(shuō)服可以看成是對(duì)特殊聽(tīng)眾的說(shuō)服,是普遍聽(tīng)眾的具體化,通過(guò)對(duì)普遍聽(tīng)眾和特殊聽(tīng)眾的分析,使言說(shuō)者對(duì)聽(tīng)眾進(jìn)行具體的分析,調(diào)整論辯方案,使言說(shuō)更具有說(shuō)服力。 聽(tīng)眾理論發(fā)展至今,逐漸深入到司法判決中,聽(tīng)眾的接受程度是判斷司法判決合理性的重要標(biāo)志,聽(tīng)眾的可接受性既節(jié)省了司法資源又維護(hù)了法律的公正和正義。聽(tīng)眾理論在經(jīng)歷了眾多理論學(xué)家研究的洗禮,得到了修辭學(xué)家的認(rèn)可,雖然也有修辭學(xué)家指出聽(tīng)眾理論的矛盾之處,但是瑕不掩瑜,聽(tīng)眾理論依然是新修辭學(xué)論辯思想中的一顆明珠,尤其是聽(tīng)眾理論和法庭審判相結(jié)合,給法官的工作提供了指導(dǎo)的理論思想,聽(tīng)眾理論和法律實(shí)踐結(jié)合,具有重要的意義。 佩雷爾曼的新修辭學(xué)涉及到哲學(xué),心理學(xué),教育學(xué)等學(xué)科領(lǐng)域,使新修辭學(xué)以法學(xué)的視角審視問(wèn)題,聽(tīng)眾理論與法學(xué)研究相結(jié)合,將具體的理論與法庭的實(shí)踐辯論相結(jié)合,引入了價(jià)值論斷和正義理論,更加豐富了新修辭學(xué)的論辯思想。
[Abstract]:Originated in ancient Greece, Western rhetoric was initially used in court litigation speeches. Through ancient Rome and Renaissance, Aristotle's argumentation on rhetoric was absorbed and gradually developed into new rhetoric. The new rhetoric has gradually attracted the attention of European and American rhetoric theorists, and began to study deeply. Perelman, as a representative figure of the new rhetoric theory, put forward the famous audience theory, emphasizing the status of the audience in the speech. Through the analysis of the audience to achieve the purpose of persuading the audience to achieve the success of the speech. The audience theory will also affect the judicial trial. In the court debate, judges, lawyers, clients and the public will become important factors in the rhetorical relationship. How to grasp the psychology of these listeners determines the success of the argument. There are many factors that influence the audience in court arguments, and linking these factors with rhetoric becomes the key to persuasion. There is a certain connection between the universal audience and the special audience in the theory of audience. The universal audience is the ideal listener in the speaker's heart. In the speaker's mind, the listener should be like this, and the special audience is pluralistic. Special listeners have different characteristics. Persuasion of universal listeners can be regarded as persuasion of special listeners and concretization of general listeners. Through the analysis of general listeners and special listeners, the speaker can make concrete analysis of the listeners. Adjust the argumentation scheme to make the speech more persuasive. With the development of the audience theory, the acceptance of the audience is an important symbol to judge the rationality of the judicial decision. The acceptability of the audience not only saves the judicial resources but also preserves the justice and justice of the law. The audience theory has experienced the baptism of many theorists, and has been recognized by the rhetoricians. Although some rhetoricians point out the contradictions of the audience theories, they do not hide their flaws. The audience theory is still a bright pearl in the new rhetoric debate thought, especially the combination of the audience theory and the court trial, which provides the guiding theory thought for the judge's work, the audience theory and the legal practice union, has the important significance. Perelman's new rhetoric involves the fields of philosophy, psychology, pedagogy and so on. It makes the new rhetoric examine problems from the perspective of law, combines the theory of audience with the research of law, and combines the concrete theory with the practical debate of the court. The theory of value and justice is introduced, which enriches the debate thought of new rhetoric.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D90-05

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本文編號(hào)：1980026