馬克思私法觀在中國的發(fā)展
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-06 19:29
【摘要】：馬克思私法觀的產(chǎn)生是西方私法史上的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，甚至可被視為法律史上的一次革命。它從唯物主義歷史觀和辯證法的視角，對私法的本質(zhì)與起源、法與經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)等內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了哲學(xué)分析和闡述。馬克思在其一系列著作中，對羅馬法和近代私法進(jìn)行了深入探討。在自己的研究中，馬克思最關(guān)注的是羅馬私法對于簡單商品社會的規(guī)定，期能以此找到市民社會與私法和諧統(tǒng)一的關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn)，最終使一般的私法觀與社會主義國家構(gòu)想相吻合。馬克思的這種做法，無疑召喚了不少其理論的信仰者，循著他的思想軌跡，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行探索，為馬克思主義私法思想的發(fā)展作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)，在中國，由于種種原因，馬克思私法觀的宣傳和發(fā)展相對緩慢，取得的成果較少。這一局面在改革開放之后被打破，由于時代的需要，國家建設(shè)重新回歸到“以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心”這條主線上來，馬克思私法觀得到了很好的闡發(fā)，至于在今天，其發(fā)展更是出現(xiàn)了方興未艾的局面。 為什么會取得上述成績？除了我國是社會主義國家，對馬克思主義理論的研究是題中之義外，還與以下原因有著緊密的關(guān)系：第一，治國模式的革新。隨著社會主義建設(shè)新時期的到來，我國呈現(xiàn)出社會與國家逐漸分離的狀況，這既為私法的適用提供了廣闊的空間，又對私法的研究提出了現(xiàn)實的要求。第二，市民社會的發(fā)育。我國的市民社會不斷壯大，這為私法的適用和研究提供了越來越充分的條件。第三，國家權(quán)力的被制衡。由于國家權(quán)力不再是無處不在、無所不為，這就使得相對公法，私法的適用和研究越來越受到人們的重視。 當(dāng)然，由于多種原因，如中國離“小政府、大社會”這種理想的治理方式還有相當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x，又如某些人甚至還持具私法理論在馬克思恩格斯建構(gòu)的科學(xué)體系中并沒占據(jù)重要的位置的觀點(diǎn)，等等。在當(dāng)代中國，，人們在私法尤其是馬克思私法觀的研究上還存在著很大的不足和缺陷，但惟其如此，方需要人們?nèi)ヅμ剿鳎浞纸沂旧鐣髁x初級階段的意蘊(yùn)，不斷消除“談私色變”的現(xiàn)象；深入研究市場經(jīng)濟(jì)與市民社會，為闡明私法的合理性提供現(xiàn)實依據(jù)；正確區(qū)分公共權(quán)力與公民權(quán)利，使私法的制定和適用成為社會共識；去除傳統(tǒng)法律觀念的消極影響，使公民得能成為法律本位。
[Abstract]:The emergence of Marx's view of private law is an important discovery in the history of western private law, and can even be regarded as a revolution in the history of law. From the perspective of materialist historical view and dialectics, it makes a philosophical analysis and exposition of the essence and origin, law and economic base of private law. In a series of works, Marx deeply discussed Roman law and modern private law. In his own research, Marx is most concerned about the provisions of Roman private law on simple commodity society, hoping to find the node of harmonious unity between civil society and private law, and finally make the general view of private law consistent with the conception of socialist country. Marx's practice undoubtedly summoned many followers of his theory, followed his ideological track, continued to explore, and made great contributions to the development of Marxist private law thought. It should be admitted that in China, for various reasons, the propaganda and development of Marx's view of private law is relatively slow and less achievements have been made. This situation was broken after the reform and opening up. Due to the needs of the times, the national construction returned to the main line of "economic construction as the center". Marx's view of private law has been well expounded, and today, his development is in the ascendant. Why have you achieved the above achievements? In addition to our country is a socialist country, the study of Marxist theory is not only the meaning of the topic, but also has a close relationship with the following reasons: first, the innovation of the model of governing the country. With the advent of the new period of socialist construction, China presents a gradual separation of society and the state, which not only provides a broad space for the application of private law, but also puts forward realistic requirements for the study of private law. Second, the development of civil society. The civil society of our country is growing, which provides more and more sufficient conditions for the application and research of private law. Third, the checks and balances of state power. Because the state power is no longer ubiquitous and does everything, people pay more and more attention to the application and research of relative public law and private law. Of course, for many reasons, such as China is still quite far from the ideal way of governance of "small government, big society", and some people even hold the view that private law theory does not occupy an important position in the scientific system constructed by Marx and Engels, and so on. In contemporary China, there are still great shortcomings and defects in the study of private law, especially Marx's view of private law, but only in this way, people need to try their best to explore, fully reveal the meaning of the primary stage of socialism, constantly eliminate the phenomenon of "talking about private color change", deeply study the market economy and civil society, and provide a realistic basis for expounding the rationality of private law. The correct distinction between public power and civil rights makes the formulation and application of private law a social consensus, and removes the negative influence of traditional legal concepts so that citizens can become the legal standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D909.1
本文編號：2511269
[Abstract]:The emergence of Marx's view of private law is an important discovery in the history of western private law, and can even be regarded as a revolution in the history of law. From the perspective of materialist historical view and dialectics, it makes a philosophical analysis and exposition of the essence and origin, law and economic base of private law. In a series of works, Marx deeply discussed Roman law and modern private law. In his own research, Marx is most concerned about the provisions of Roman private law on simple commodity society, hoping to find the node of harmonious unity between civil society and private law, and finally make the general view of private law consistent with the conception of socialist country. Marx's practice undoubtedly summoned many followers of his theory, followed his ideological track, continued to explore, and made great contributions to the development of Marxist private law thought. It should be admitted that in China, for various reasons, the propaganda and development of Marx's view of private law is relatively slow and less achievements have been made. This situation was broken after the reform and opening up. Due to the needs of the times, the national construction returned to the main line of "economic construction as the center". Marx's view of private law has been well expounded, and today, his development is in the ascendant. Why have you achieved the above achievements? In addition to our country is a socialist country, the study of Marxist theory is not only the meaning of the topic, but also has a close relationship with the following reasons: first, the innovation of the model of governing the country. With the advent of the new period of socialist construction, China presents a gradual separation of society and the state, which not only provides a broad space for the application of private law, but also puts forward realistic requirements for the study of private law. Second, the development of civil society. The civil society of our country is growing, which provides more and more sufficient conditions for the application and research of private law. Third, the checks and balances of state power. Because the state power is no longer ubiquitous and does everything, people pay more and more attention to the application and research of relative public law and private law. Of course, for many reasons, such as China is still quite far from the ideal way of governance of "small government, big society", and some people even hold the view that private law theory does not occupy an important position in the scientific system constructed by Marx and Engels, and so on. In contemporary China, there are still great shortcomings and defects in the study of private law, especially Marx's view of private law, but only in this way, people need to try their best to explore, fully reveal the meaning of the primary stage of socialism, constantly eliminate the phenomenon of "talking about private color change", deeply study the market economy and civil society, and provide a realistic basis for expounding the rationality of private law. The correct distinction between public power and civil rights makes the formulation and application of private law a social consensus, and removes the negative influence of traditional legal concepts so that citizens can become the legal standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D909.1
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