本文選題：法治 + 社會組織��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：法治作為現(xiàn)代西方自由主義社會的最基本治理模式，昂格爾將其稱之為“法律秩序”。人類社會發(fā)展至今產(chǎn)生了不同的社會形態(tài)，，社會形態(tài)的變化也孕育了法律類型的發(fā)展。昂格爾借鑒馬克思·韋伯“理想類型”的方法，將人類歷史上出現(xiàn)過的社會形態(tài)分為部落社會、貴族社會、自由主義社會三種類型；三種社會形態(tài)下孕育有三種法律類型，即習(xí)慣法、官僚法和法律秩序。其中，法律秩序是西方自由主義社會特有的，它具備習(xí)慣法和官僚法所沒有的普遍性和自治性特征。這種法律類型一直被西方主流法學(xué)——自由主義法學(xué)視為目前為止人類社會出現(xiàn)的最理想的社會治理模式，把它看作是符合歷史邏輯的必然趨勢。 但是，昂格爾卻并不這么認(rèn)為，他通過對西歐封建社會末期社會深沉結(jié)構(gòu)的考察，發(fā)現(xiàn)法治誕生完全是當(dāng)時社會的多元利益集團(tuán)與人們自然法觀念的偶然結(jié)合，并非是什么歷史必然的結(jié)果；通過對自由主義社會的等級秩序和社會共識之矛盾的深刻揭露，指出法治理想的虛假性。當(dāng)自由主義社會的種種矛盾導(dǎo)致法治理想的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)時，社會又寄希望于通過福利國家和合作國家的方式來改善自由主義社會的種種問題。但是，恰恰這兩個可以稱之為后自由主義社會的社會形態(tài)卻導(dǎo)致了法治的解體，法治的普遍性和自治性從根本上的到了破壞，法治趨于消亡。 除去引言，本文共分為五章。第一章簡要介紹了昂格爾社會法律批判理論的社會背景和理論淵源。第二章主要論述昂格爾的社會類型與法律類型的思想。第三章主要論述昂格爾社會法律理論批判的對象——法治的形成。第四章主要論述法治理想的虛假性問題。在自由主義社會中，由于社會組織結(jié)構(gòu)——等級秩序的開放性，社會意識——共識的瓦解使得自由主義社會法治理想的兩個假設(shè)，即最重要的權(quán)力必須集中于政府和法律能夠有效約束權(quán)力被證明是虛假的。第五章主要論述后自由主義社會種種變化對法治的沖擊。自由主義社會存在的種種矛盾導(dǎo)致社會形態(tài)必然有所變化，以應(yīng)對人們對實(shí)質(zhì)平等、合法性的要求，自由主義社會逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦＠献鲊�。正是這種變化使得法治的普遍性和自治性要求分崩離析，法治危在旦夕，法將不法。
[Abstract]:As the most basic governance mode of modern western liberal society, Unger calls it "legal order". The development of human society has produced different social forms, and the changes of social forms have given birth to the development of legal types. By drawing lessons from Marx Weber's "ideal Type" method, Unger divides the social forms that have appeared in human history into three types: tribal society, aristocratic society and liberal society, under which there are three types of law, such as tribal society, aristocratic society and liberal society. That is, customary law, bureaucratic law and legal order. Among them, legal order is characteristic of western liberal society, which has the characteristics of universality and autonomy which are not existed in customary law and bureaucratic law. This type of law has always been regarded as the most ideal mode of social governance in human society by the western mainstream jurisprudence-liberal jurisprudence, and it is regarded as an inevitable trend in line with the historical logic. However, Unger did not think so. Through his investigation of the deep structure of the society in the late feudal society of Western Europe, he found that the birth of the rule of law was entirely a casual combination of the pluralistic interest groups of the society at that time and the concept of natural law of people. This paper points out the falsehood of the ideal of the rule of law by exposing the contradiction between the hierarchy order and the social consensus in the liberal society. When all kinds of contradictions in liberal society lead to the unrealization of the ideal of rule of law, the society hopes to improve the problems of liberal society through the way of welfare state and cooperative state. However, these two social forms, which can be called post-liberal society, lead to the disintegration of the rule of law, the universality and autonomy of the rule of law from the fundamental to the destruction, the rule of law tends to die out. Apart from the introduction, this paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces the social background and theoretical origin of Angell's critical theory of social law. The second chapter mainly discusses Angell's social type and the thought of legal type. The third chapter mainly discusses the formation of the rule of law, the object of Angell's criticism of social law theory. Chapter four mainly discusses the falsehood of the ideal of rule of law. In liberal society, because of the openness of social organization structure-hierarchy order and the disintegration of social consciousness-consensus, two hypotheses of the ideal of ruling by law in liberal society are made. That is, the most important power must be concentrated in the government and the law can effectively restrain the power is proved false. The fifth chapter mainly discusses the impact of various changes in post-liberal society on the rule of law. Various contradictions in liberal society lead to certain changes in social formation, in order to cope with people's demand for substantive equality and legitimacy, and liberalism society is gradually transformed into a welfare-cooperation state. It is this kind of change that makes the universality and autonomy of the rule of law fall apart, the rule of law is at stake, the law will be illegal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D90-052

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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2 陳信勇;;批判法學(xué)對法律社會學(xué)研究的若干啟示[J];公法研究;2002年00期

本文編號：1954879