本文關(guān)鍵詞： 馬克思 法權(quán)思想 人本視域　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：人生活在自然世界中,創(chuàng)造了人為的世界；人處在物質(zhì)世界中,又創(chuàng)造了精神世界。漫長(zhǎng)的歷史進(jìn)程中,法權(quán)和人是社會(huì)永恒的主題。一個(gè)和諧進(jìn)步的社會(huì),應(yīng)該是理性而又充滿(mǎn)關(guān)愛(ài)的。馬克思主義認(rèn)識(shí)論告訴我們,理論來(lái)源于實(shí)踐,并為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)充分證明了,馬克思主義理論對(duì)中國(guó)社會(huì)實(shí)踐的指導(dǎo)地位,馬克思法權(quán)思想是進(jìn)行中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法治建設(shè)的指導(dǎo)思想。我國(guó)法治建設(shè)進(jìn)程中,一切都是新的嘗試,其中有成功也有挫折。為了更好地保護(hù)人們的基本權(quán)利不再受到侵犯、社會(huì)悲劇不再重演,現(xiàn)實(shí)呼喚馬克思法權(quán)思想的人本精神的回歸。因此,切實(shí)維護(hù)當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益,徹底終結(jié)非正常法律事件,既是對(duì)公民基本權(quán)利的尊重,也是對(duì)中國(guó)法治的尊重,更是對(duì)未來(lái)社會(huì)的尊重。時(shí)至今日,理論界側(cè)重于對(duì)馬克思法學(xué)思想寶庫(kù)的宏觀(guān)方面探討,鮮有系統(tǒng)、具體性地從人本視域出發(fā),來(lái)研究馬克思法權(quán)思想及其內(nèi)涵。有鑒于此,在馬克思主義中國(guó)化最新理論成果——科學(xué)發(fā)展觀(guān)的指導(dǎo)下,本文對(duì)馬克思法權(quán)思想進(jìn)行人本視域研究。全文由三個(gè)部分組成： 第一部分：馬克思法權(quán)思想發(fā)展的人本歷程。這一部分首先考察馬克思法權(quán)思想產(chǎn)生的人本理論淵源。沿著歷史的足跡去尋本溯源,找出馬克思法權(quán)思想產(chǎn)生的人本理論基礎(chǔ)。其次,伴隨著馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家世界觀(guān)的轉(zhuǎn)變,特別是歷史唯物史觀(guān)的形成,探索馬克思法權(quán)思想發(fā)展的人本歷程。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家立足社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)情況,批判地考察了法權(quán)思想的人本淵源,科學(xué)地揭示出法權(quán)因人的需要而產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展的客觀(guān)規(guī)律,并以人的根本利益為依歸。馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家對(duì)法權(quán)思想研究的卓越之處在于,始終把法權(quán)放在人類(lèi)歷史的發(fā)展進(jìn)程中去研究,并與人和社會(huì)的發(fā)展規(guī)律有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái),實(shí)現(xiàn)了法權(quán)研究,由歷史唯物主義對(duì)歷史唯心主義的更替、從抽象到具體的轉(zhuǎn)變,這就猶如人類(lèi)法權(quán)思想發(fā)展史上的,一場(chǎng)偉大的“哥白尼式的革命”。這部分是論文研究的歷史起點(diǎn)。 第二部分：馬克思法權(quán)思想的人本內(nèi)涵。在上述基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用馬克思主義的原理和方法,探討馬克思法權(quán)思想中的基本問(wèn)題,對(duì)法權(quán)思想的人本內(nèi)涵、基本特征、人本價(jià)值進(jìn)行理論探索和反思,發(fā)現(xiàn)法權(quán)與人之間的聯(lián)系,為中國(guó)特色馬克思法權(quán)思想發(fā)展奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。這部分是論文研究的重要方面。 第三部分：馬克思法權(quán)思想人本視域研究的當(dāng)代啟示。以馬克思主義哲學(xué)的方法論和世界觀(guān)為指導(dǎo),分別從如何處理法權(quán)與人、法權(quán)與國(guó)家、法權(quán)與社會(huì)關(guān)系的角度出發(fā),得出“正確認(rèn)識(shí)以人為本的法權(quán)價(jià)值目標(biāo)”、“積極探索依法治國(guó)中人本法權(quán)實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑”、“努力構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)”等三方面啟示這部分是論文研究的價(jià)值體現(xiàn)。 關(guān)于“人是法權(quán)之本”的命題及其意蘊(yùn)的探討,既是對(duì)馬克思法權(quán)思想最本真的認(rèn)識(shí),更是運(yùn)用科學(xué)發(fā)展觀(guān),建設(shè)法治社會(huì)、和諧社會(huì)的時(shí)代呼喚和現(xiàn)實(shí)需要。馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家始終認(rèn)為,人的屬性在于自然屬性與社會(huì)屬性的統(tǒng)一,因此,法權(quán)的存在應(yīng)該是合乎人性的存在。在馬克思那里已經(jīng)證明了,人性的本質(zhì)不是先天的性本惡,或性本善的倫理人性論,更不是環(huán)境人性論等觀(guān)點(diǎn),而是一切社會(huì)關(guān)系的總和,受它所在的一定社會(huì)的物質(zhì)生活條件的決定和影響。另一方面,從哲學(xué)的本原性與正當(dāng)性角度出發(fā),“人”也同樣應(yīng)當(dāng)成為中國(guó)法學(xué)發(fā)展的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和目的。 我國(guó)的法治建設(shè)應(yīng)該是科學(xué)發(fā)展觀(guān)視野下的社會(huì)主義法治建設(shè),應(yīng)該是“以人為本”的法治建設(shè)。在實(shí)現(xiàn)依法治國(guó)和構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)進(jìn)程中,關(guān)于馬克思法權(quán)思想的研究,是一個(gè)重大的課題,這一課題也是一個(gè)不斷開(kāi)拓和創(chuàng)新的過(guò)程。如何建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義法權(quán),為新時(shí)期中國(guó)法學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)型提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)支撐,進(jìn)而嘗試在新的時(shí)代背景和歷史機(jī)遇下,構(gòu)建具有中國(guó)特色、中國(guó)氣派和中國(guó)風(fēng)格的法學(xué)理論體系,是馬克思主義中國(guó)化進(jìn)程中的一項(xiàng)十分艱巨而又具有重要意義的工作。歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)告訴我們,所有的工作必須遵循馬克思主義的世界觀(guān)和方法論。當(dāng)前,還存在一些有待于深入研究的重大問(wèn)題,而這一切的一切都關(guān)乎“人”本身。本文僅僅為這一工作提供一些粗淺的認(rèn)識(shí)和建議,以期商榷。
[Abstract]:People living in the natural world, created a human world; people living in the physical world, and also created a spiritual world. The long historical process, the law and the people is the eternal theme of a society. The harmonious development of the society, should be rational and caring. Marx's epistemology theory tells us that the source of in the practice, and serve practice. Fully proved by history and reality, the guiding position of the Marx doctrine theory of China social practice, Marx's legal thought is the guiding ideology of Chinese characteristic socialist legal construction. The construction of rule of law in our country, everything is a new attempt, including successes and setbacks to the basic rights. To better protect people no longer violated, social tragedies, reality calls for a return to Marx's law thought of humanism. Therefore, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests A complete end, non normal legal events, is respect for the basic rights of citizens, but also to China respect for the rule of law, it is the future of social respect. Today, the theory focuses on the macro aspects of the treasure house of Marx's legal thought of little system, concretely starting from the Perspective of Marx's law, to the thought and connotation. In view of this, the latest theory achievement of Scientific Outlook on Development in Marx's Chinese under the guidance of the people study the perspective of Marx legal thoughts. This thesis consists of three parts:
The first part: the development of Marx's thought of the legislative process. This part first examines Marx's legal thoughts arising from theoretical origin. Follow the footsteps of history to find the source, find Marx's law thought produces the theory basis. Secondly, with the changes of the main meaning of Marx classic writers of world outlook, especially the formation of the history of historical materialism, to explore the development of Marx's legal thinking of the course. The study found that Marx and Engels based on the social reality, the paper critically examines the legal thinking of the origin, scientifically reveal the right people and needs, the objective laws of development, and to the people's fundamental interests. Marx and Engels excellence of legal rights is always placed in the process of development of human history to study and development with people and society Law organically, realizes the legal research, from historical materialism to idealism, from the abstract to the concrete changes, this is a history of legal rights, a great "Copernicus revolution". This part is the historical starting point of this research.
The second part: Marx's legal thinking of the connotation. On the basis of the above, the principle and method of Marx's theory, discussion on the basic problems of Marx's legal thoughts, the basic characteristics of the legal thinking of the connotation, the value of theoretical exploration and reflection, found between the right and the connection, theoretical basis solid for the development of China features of Marx thought. This part of law is an important aspect of this thesis.
The third part: study the Contemporary Enlightenment of the thought of human rights from the perspective of Marx. With the method of Marx's philosophy and world view as the instruction, from how to deal with the right person, the right and the state, the relationship between legal and social point of view, the "correct understanding of people-oriented legal value goal", "actively explore the law the rule of the law realization of human rights", "efforts to build a solid foundation of a harmonious socialist society" in three aspects. Part of this is the significance of this thesis.
To explore the proposition about "people is the foundation of legal right" and its meaning, is the most authentic understanding of Marx's legal thought, it is the use of Scientific Outlook on Development, the construction of the rule of law society, a harmonious society call of the times and reality. Marx and Engels have always believed that human nature is unified, natural attribute and social attribute so right there should be a humane existence. In Marx has been proved that human nature is not innate nature is evil or good in nature, human nature of ethics theory, but not the environment of human nature theory, but the sum of all social relations, it is subject to certain social conditions of material life and the influence of decision on the other hand, from the primitive philosophy perspective and justice, "people" also should be the starting point and purpose of Chinese law development.
The rule of law in China should be the construction of socialist rule of law under the view of Scientific Outlook on Development, should be "people-oriented" the rule of law. In the realization of the rule of law and building a socialist harmonious society in the process of research on Marx's legal thought, is a major topic, this topic is also a continuous innovation process. How to build a socialist legal Chinese, provides a solid theoretical support for Chinese law transformation in the new period, and then try in the background and historical opportunities under the new construction has China characteristics, system of legal theory Chinese style and China style, is of great significance in the process of a very difficult and Marx the doctrine of China. History and reality tell us that all work must follow Marx's world outlook and methodology. At present, there There are still some important problems to be further studied. All of this is related to "people" itself. This article only provides some superficial knowledge and suggestions for this work, with a view to discuss.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D909.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1448042