論拜比吉對(duì)馬克思分工和機(jī)器大生產(chǎn)理論的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-23 12:14
【摘要】：社會(huì)變革的一切奧秘都隱藏在經(jīng)濟(jì)事實(shí)之中。歷史唯物主義認(rèn)為,經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)決定上層建筑,而在所有經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象中,"分工"和"機(jī)器大生產(chǎn)"毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)具有核心性地位。本研究將"分工"和"機(jī)器大生產(chǎn)"為切入點(diǎn)探討查理·拜比吉(Charles Babbage)之于馬克思的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)思想,及至歷史唯物主義的重要影響,以彰顯本研究的馬克思主義特征。本研究的結(jié)論是,在馬克思的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)前史中,有一位被長(zhǎng)期忽視的人物:查理·拜比吉,其代表作《論機(jī)器和工廠的節(jié)約》曾對(duì)馬克思產(chǎn)生過(guò)重要的影響,而得出這一結(jié)論的根據(jù)則是對(duì)拜比吉在何種意義上助益于馬克思政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)思想乃至歷史唯物主義的考察。當(dāng)然,這一過(guò)程本身是一個(gè)否定之否定的過(guò)程,它包含了 一個(gè)馬克思由對(duì)拜比吉的輕信到批判再到超越的過(guò)程。其中,本研究的第一章首先關(guān)注拜比吉其人,尤其是其所處的工場(chǎng)手工業(yè)向機(jī)器大生產(chǎn)過(guò)渡的特定時(shí)代背景;之后則轉(zhuǎn)而關(guān)注于其所思,主要是分工理論和機(jī)器理論;最后則試圖對(duì)其所思給出一個(gè)歷史性的評(píng)價(jià),既基于特定的歷史背景,又結(jié)合具體的歷史發(fā)展對(duì)其予以定位。但最終的落腳點(diǎn)是,拜比吉是一位為資產(chǎn)階級(jí)進(jìn)行辯護(hù)的思想家。之后,論文將轉(zhuǎn)入馬克思的思想,文本資源是《布普塞爾筆記》、《哲學(xué)的貧困》和《雇傭資本與勞動(dòng)》,主要的關(guān)注點(diǎn)則是馬克思對(duì)拜比吉的輕信和接受,包括混淆了社會(huì)分工和工場(chǎng)手工業(yè)內(nèi)部分工、工具與機(jī)器的區(qū)分等。在這一時(shí)期,馬克思已部分地意識(shí)到了拜比吉理論的缺陷,如他對(duì)拜比吉補(bǔ)償理論的批評(píng)。第三章則以《倫敦筆記》到《資本論》期間的文本為依據(jù),闡發(fā)馬克思對(duì)拜比吉的超越,這也是馬克思形成自己獨(dú)立思想的階段,主要內(nèi)容包括"對(duì)工場(chǎng)手工業(yè)和機(jī)器大工業(yè)的重新理解"、"對(duì)工具和機(jī)器的科學(xué)區(qū)分"及"對(duì)拜比吉補(bǔ)償理論的再批判"。最后,論文將以馬克思的工藝學(xué)研究與歷史唯物主義的深化作為結(jié)語(yǔ),闡發(fā)在資本主義機(jī)器大生產(chǎn)條件下如何實(shí)現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)解放與階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)的可能性問(wèn)題。也即批判的工藝學(xué)在何種意義上助力于人的全面自由發(fā)展的實(shí)現(xiàn),以及對(duì)當(dāng)代資本主義生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的理解的重要作用。
[Abstract]:All the mysteries of social change are hidden in economic facts. Historical materialism holds that the economic basis determines the superstructure, and in all economic phenomena, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" undoubtedly have the core position. In this study, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" are taken as the starting point to explore the important influence of Charlie Bebigit (Charles Babbage) on Marx's political and economic thought, including historical materialism, in order to highlight the Marxist characteristics of this study. The conclusion of this study is that, in the prehistory of Marx's political economy, there is a man who has been neglected for a long time: Charlie Biebigit, whose masterpiece, on the Saving of machines and factories, had an important influence on Marx. The conclusion is based on the investigation of the meaning of Bibaki's help to Marx's political economic thought and even historical materialism. Of course, the process itself is a process of negation, which contains a process from credulity to criticism to transcendence by Marx. The first chapter of this study focuses on the specific background of the transition from the handicraft industry of the workshop to the mass production of machinery, and then focuses on its thinking, mainly the theory of division of labor and the theory of machinery. Finally, the author tries to give a historical evaluation of his thoughts, which is based on the specific historical background and combined with the specific historical development. But in the end, Bibaki was a thinker defending the bourgeoisie. After that, the thesis will turn to Marx's thought. The text resources are "Boupser's Notes", "the Poverty of philosophy" and "Employment Capital and Labor". The main focus is Marx's credulity and acceptance of Babigi. Including the confusion between the social division of labor and the internal division of labor in the workshop, the distinction between tools and machines, and so on. During this period, Marx was partially aware of the defects of Bibaki's theory, such as his criticism of Bibaki's theory of compensation. The third chapter is based on the texts from London Notes to Capital to illustrate Marx's transcendence to Bibaki, which is also the stage in which Marx formed his own independent thought. The main contents include "Re-understanding of the workshop handicraft industry and the big machine industry", "the scientific distinction between tools and machines" and "the recriticism of the theory of compensation by Bebigit". Finally, the conclusion of Marx's study of technology and the deepening of historical materialism will be taken as the conclusion to expound the possibility of how to realize labor liberation and class struggle under the condition of large-scale production of capitalist machinery. In what sense does critical technology contribute to the realization of man's all-round and free development and the important role of understanding contemporary capitalist relations of production?
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B0-0
本文編號(hào)：2428809
[Abstract]:All the mysteries of social change are hidden in economic facts. Historical materialism holds that the economic basis determines the superstructure, and in all economic phenomena, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" undoubtedly have the core position. In this study, "division of labor" and "machine mass production" are taken as the starting point to explore the important influence of Charlie Bebigit (Charles Babbage) on Marx's political and economic thought, including historical materialism, in order to highlight the Marxist characteristics of this study. The conclusion of this study is that, in the prehistory of Marx's political economy, there is a man who has been neglected for a long time: Charlie Biebigit, whose masterpiece, on the Saving of machines and factories, had an important influence on Marx. The conclusion is based on the investigation of the meaning of Bibaki's help to Marx's political economic thought and even historical materialism. Of course, the process itself is a process of negation, which contains a process from credulity to criticism to transcendence by Marx. The first chapter of this study focuses on the specific background of the transition from the handicraft industry of the workshop to the mass production of machinery, and then focuses on its thinking, mainly the theory of division of labor and the theory of machinery. Finally, the author tries to give a historical evaluation of his thoughts, which is based on the specific historical background and combined with the specific historical development. But in the end, Bibaki was a thinker defending the bourgeoisie. After that, the thesis will turn to Marx's thought. The text resources are "Boupser's Notes", "the Poverty of philosophy" and "Employment Capital and Labor". The main focus is Marx's credulity and acceptance of Babigi. Including the confusion between the social division of labor and the internal division of labor in the workshop, the distinction between tools and machines, and so on. During this period, Marx was partially aware of the defects of Bibaki's theory, such as his criticism of Bibaki's theory of compensation. The third chapter is based on the texts from London Notes to Capital to illustrate Marx's transcendence to Bibaki, which is also the stage in which Marx formed his own independent thought. The main contents include "Re-understanding of the workshop handicraft industry and the big machine industry", "the scientific distinction between tools and machines" and "the recriticism of the theory of compensation by Bebigit". Finally, the conclusion of Marx's study of technology and the deepening of historical materialism will be taken as the conclusion to expound the possibility of how to realize labor liberation and class struggle under the condition of large-scale production of capitalist machinery. In what sense does critical technology contribute to the realization of man's all-round and free development and the important role of understanding contemporary capitalist relations of production?
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B0-0
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 丁冬雪;論拜比吉對(duì)馬克思分工和機(jī)器大生產(chǎn)理論的影響[D];南京大學(xué);2017年
，本文編號(hào)：2428809
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