本文選題：朱熹 + 誠��； 參考：《青海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：誠信思想擁有十分悠久的歷史,其誕生可以追溯到早期人類社會。在我國文化發(fā)展長河中,儒家學(xué)派極其重視對誠信的研究闡述,朱熹的誠信思想是儒家誠信思想的重要代表。研究朱熹的誠信思想必然要回到朱熹生活的宋代。宋代是我國封建社會發(fā)展的一個高峰,政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、科技等都取得了前所未有的成就。另外一方面,宋代戰(zhàn)事不斷,人口遷徙頻繁,為文化的交流融合創(chuàng)造了極其有利的條件。朱熹早年在佛教和儒家學(xué)說之間搖擺不定,但最終選擇了儒家學(xué)說,并通過對儒家經(jīng)典的研讀,繼承和發(fā)展了儒家思想,形成了獨(dú)具特色的理學(xué)體系,其中就包含著豐富的誠信思想。朱熹把誠解釋為“真實(shí)無妄”,把“誠之者”解釋為“未真實(shí)無妄而追求真實(shí)無妄”,又把“誠之者”解釋為“信”,是“人之道”。誠是天理的真實(shí)狀態(tài),信是人類追求誠的活動;誠貫穿于萬事萬物之中,信是誠在人類社會之用;誠在自然界中總是被動地表達(dá)自身,信則是誠在人類社會主動地追求自身;誠是圣人的境界,常人則可以通過信追求圣人之境。從以上的論述中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),要理解朱熹的誠信思想,需要對誠與信進(jìn)行“分疏與統(tǒng)合”。分疏是為了更好地統(tǒng)合,統(tǒng)合是為了更好地指導(dǎo)人們的生活。同時,朱熹的誠信思想也離不開朱熹完整的理學(xué)體系,因?yàn)檎\信思想就體現(xiàn)在天理、人欲、主敬等概念之中,離開了這些概念的支撐,朱熹的誠信思想就不會存在。由于朱熹理學(xué)體系的唯心色彩以及時代的變遷,朱熹誠信思想的很多內(nèi)容已經(jīng)不合時宜,但它的價值依然不可忽視。對于社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)而言,朱熹誠信思想的體用之分提示我們“誠信不僅僅是道德規(guī)范,更是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)之所以能夠成為市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的原因之一”。對于社會主義政治而言,朱熹的誠信思想為誠信政府的建設(shè)提供了積極借鑒——明誠,即明確政府在社會中的責(zé)任;思誠,即政府機(jī)構(gòu)或政府職員必須時刻以相關(guān)的規(guī)章制度嚴(yán)格要求自己;踐誠,即把政府的職責(zé)落到實(shí)處。對于社會主義社會而言,朱熹的誠信思想為社會建設(shè)提供了豐富的思想資源。對于社會主義核心價值觀而言,朱熹的誠信思想提醒我們誠信可以通過教育和學(xué)習(xí)而獲得。
[Abstract]:The idea of honesty has a long history, and its birth can be traced back to the early human society. In the long course of the development of Chinese culture, the Confucian school attaches great importance to the study of honesty and credit. Zhu Xi's honesty thought is an important representative of Confucian honesty thought. The study of Zhu Xi's honest thought must return to the Song Dynasty when Zhu Xi lived. Song Dynasty was a peak of feudal society in China, and achieved unprecedented achievements in politics, economy, culture, science and technology. On the other hand, the continuous war and frequent migration in Song Dynasty created favorable conditions for cultural exchange and integration. Zhu Xi wobbled between Buddhism and Confucianism in the early years, but eventually chose Confucianism, and through the study of Confucian classics, inherited and developed Confucianism, formed a unique Neo-Confucianism system. It contains a rich idea of good faith. Zhu Xi interprets honesty as "truthfulness", "honest man" as "pursuing truth without falsehood", and "honest person" as "faith". Sincerity is the true state of nature, and faith is the pursuit of sincerity by human beings; sincerity runs through all things, and faith is used in human society; sincerity always passively expresses itself in nature, and faith pursues oneself actively in human society. Honesty is the realm of saints, ordinary people can pursue the realm of saints through faith. From the above discussion, we find that in order to understand Zhu Xi's theory of honesty, we need to separate and integrate honesty and faith. Division is for better integration, integration is to better guide people's lives. At the same time, Zhu Xi's credit thought can not be separated from the complete Neo-Confucianism system of Zhu Xi, because the honesty thought is embodied in the concepts of God, desire and respect. Without the support of these concepts, Zhu Xi's honest thought will not exist. Because of the idealistic color of the Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism system and the change of the times, many contents of Zhu Xi's honest thought have been out of date, but its value can not be ignored. For the socialist market economy, the classification of Zhu Xi's honesty thought indicates that "honesty and credit is not only a moral standard, but also one of the reasons why market economy can become a market economy". As far as socialist politics is concerned, Zhu Xi's theory of good faith provides a positive reference for the construction of honest government, that is, to make clear the responsibility of the government in the society. That is, government agencies or government employees must be strict with the relevant rules and regulations at all times; honest, that is, the implementation of the responsibilities of the government. For socialist society, Zhu Xi's theory of honesty and credit provides abundant ideological resources for social construction. For socialist core values, Zhu Xi's honesty theory reminds us that honesty can be obtained through education and learning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B244.7

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