發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-29 19:29

【摘要】：一些流行病學(xué)研究表明,大氣污染在一定程度上影響胎兒生長發(fā)育。近年來,有關(guān)孕期大氣污染物暴露對(duì)妊娠不良結(jié)局的影響越來越引起重視,污染物與先天性心臟病的關(guān)系是其中重要的研究課題之一。目前一些研究初步證實(shí)了母親孕期污染物暴露與先天性心臟病有關(guān),但研究證據(jù)不足,且關(guān)于某一種污染物暴露對(duì)某一種先天性心臟病的影響尚無定論,相關(guān)的評(píng)估框架亟待總結(jié)和梳理。本文從大氣污染對(duì)先天性心臟病發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的完整評(píng)估框架(暴露評(píng)估、暴露指標(biāo)、量化方法、劑量-反應(yīng)關(guān)系)的4個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)入手,系統(tǒng)評(píng)述了大氣污染與先天性心臟病關(guān)系的國內(nèi)外研究進(jìn)展。針對(duì)目前在污染物暴露評(píng)估方法、劑量-反應(yīng)量化方法和先天性心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的量化指標(biāo)選取等方面研究的不足進(jìn)行了總結(jié)剖析。旨在通過建立統(tǒng)一、精準(zhǔn)的污染物暴露評(píng)估方法,選擇確切的污染物暴露劑量和合理的暴露風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估值,完善傳統(tǒng)的量化方法,最終客觀、真實(shí)地揭示大氣污染物暴露與先天性心臟病之間的劑量-反應(yīng)關(guān)系。最后,提出目前該研究領(lǐng)域所面臨的諸多問題以及未來發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。以期為今后大氣污染對(duì)先天性心臟病的影響評(píng)價(jià)指明方向,并為預(yù)防先天性心臟病、降低兒童死亡率等提供決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Some epidemiological studies have shown that air pollution affects fetal growth and development to some extent. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the effects of exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy on the adverse outcome of pregnancy, and the relationship between pollutants and congenital heart disease is one of the important research topics. Some studies have preliminarily confirmed the association between maternal exposure to pollutants during pregnancy and congenital heart disease, but there is insufficient evidence in the study, and there is no conclusion on the effect of a certain pollutant exposure on a certain congenital heart disease. The relevant evaluation framework needs to be summarized and combed. This paper starts with four steps of the complete assessment framework (exposure assessment, exposure index, quantification method, dose-response relationship) of air pollution to congenital heart disease. The research progress on the relationship between air pollution and congenital heart disease at home and abroad is reviewed systematically. This paper summarizes and analyzes the deficiencies of the current research on pollutant exposure assessment method, dose response quantification method and the selection of quantitative indexes for congenital heart disease risk. The aim of this paper is to establish a unified and accurate assessment method for pollutant exposure, to select the exact exposure dose and reasonable exposure risk assessment value, to perfect the traditional quantitative method, and finally to be objective. The dose-response relationship between exposure to atmospheric pollutants and congenital heart disease is revealed. Finally, many problems and future trends in this field are proposed. The aim is to point out the direction of assessment of the influence of air pollution on congenital heart disease in the future, and to provide the decision basis for the prevention of congenital heart disease and the reduction of child mortality.
【作者單位】： 內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)生態(tài)與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):41571090,41201539)
【分類號(hào)】：R541.1

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