本文選題：有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)能力 + 近紅外光譜術(shù)　； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)行有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)能力（AEC）評(píng)估，可獲得最大攝氧量（.V O_(2max)）、乳酸閾（LT）、通氣閾（GET）、心率閾（HRT）等全身性AEC指標(biāo)。它們對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員選材、訓(xùn)練等有重要指導(dǎo)意義。然而，這些指標(biāo)通常是利用全身性生理監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)（如心肺功能監(jiān)測(cè)、血液分析技術(shù)等）獲得的，測(cè)量時(shí)需要配戴面罩或者采血，會(huì)使被試感覺(jué)不適或?yàn)橛袚p測(cè)量。另外，僅利用全身性監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)仍不能解釋某些運(yùn)動(dòng)生理現(xiàn)象，例如：擁有相似AEC指標(biāo)的群體，其運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)卻有顯著差別；高運(yùn)動(dòng)水平人群的機(jī)能效率反而低下。近紅外光譜術(shù)（NIRS）和表面肌電技術(shù)（sEMG）可以分別無(wú)損、實(shí)時(shí)地監(jiān)測(cè)局部肌肉氧代謝過(guò)程和神經(jīng)電活動(dòng)。考慮到復(fù)雜運(yùn)動(dòng)有多塊肌肉參與，且肌肉間貢獻(xiàn)可能不一樣。本文聯(lián)合局部和全身生理監(jiān)測(cè)，在不同的被試類型、運(yùn)動(dòng)模式中，監(jiān)測(cè)和分析多塊局部肌肉和全身性運(yùn)動(dòng)生理參數(shù)變化，更全面地對(duì)AEC進(jìn)行評(píng)估。 本文聯(lián)合NIRS、sEMG和全身性生理監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)，測(cè)量8名劃船運(yùn)動(dòng)員、31名蹼泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員及20名散打運(yùn)動(dòng)員在遞增運(yùn)動(dòng)測(cè)試（IET）中的局部肌肉和全身性生理參數(shù)響應(yīng)情況，并分析肱二頭肌（BB）、股外側(cè)肌（VL）、腓腸肌外側(cè)頭（GL）、股直�。≧F）、股內(nèi)側(cè)�。╒M）中的一塊或多塊肌肉的氧代謝能力及其與全身性AEC指標(biāo)之間的聯(lián)系。 劃船運(yùn)動(dòng)員在劃船IET中的BB和VL處反映肌肉氧代謝能力的肌氧拐點(diǎn)（Bp）（BpBB：45(3.8)%.V O_(2max)，BpVL：55.6(2.4)%.V O_(2max)）均與全身性AEC指標(biāo)顯著相關(guān)（r0.81, p 0.05）。在高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員中，BpBB和BpVL出現(xiàn)更晚，而且兩者的出現(xiàn)時(shí)間更接近。即高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員局部肌肉的氧利用能力更高，而且肌群間不同肌肉氧利用能力的匹配程度更高，這從局部肌氧的角度給出了高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員能夠取得更好運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)的生理原因。 蹼泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員在自行車IET中的BpVL（57.7(1.4)%.V O_(2max)）和GL處的Bp（BpGL，65.7(1.7)%.V O_(2max)）均與全身性AEC指標(biāo)顯著相關(guān)（r0.839, p 0.01）。但是BpVL早于BpGL出現(xiàn)，這可能是由于VL在自行車IET中貢獻(xiàn)更多，但氧化性肌纖維比例比GL低而導(dǎo)致的。分別利用BpVL和BpGL跟AEC指標(biāo)進(jìn)行線性擬合，發(fā)現(xiàn)BpVL的擬合優(yōu)度高于BpGL的擬合優(yōu)度（p 0.05），表明BpVL預(yù)測(cè)AEC指標(biāo)的能力更好，說(shuō)明利用NIRS獲取Bp并進(jìn)行AEC評(píng)估時(shí)，需要注意肌肉差異。高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員在IET中機(jī)能效率低，即攝氧量隨功率增加而增加的速率更快于低水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員（p0.05）。與之對(duì)應(yīng)的是，高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員的肌氧下降速率更慢（p 0.05），這從局部肌氧的角度給出了高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員的機(jī)能效率反而低的生理原因。 散打運(yùn)動(dòng)員在遞增靜力性伸膝IET中，VL、RF和VM處的Bp分別在45.0(1.7)、46.6(2.1)和45.3(2.2)最大自主收縮力量百分比（%MVC）處出現(xiàn)，VL、RF和VM處的sEMG閾（EMGT）分別在45.3(1.9)、49.5(2.2)和49.2(1.9)%MVC處出現(xiàn)，三塊肌肉處的Bp、EMGT均與HRT之間沒(méi)有顯著差異（p0.05），表明在涉及肌肉少的靜力性伸膝IET中，局部肌肉的生理閾值（Bp、EMGT）與全身性生理閾值之間沒(méi)有顯著差異，這可能是由于此時(shí)全身性生理響應(yīng)主要是由少量肌肉收縮所致。當(dāng)比較肌群內(nèi)不同肌肉Bp和EMGT的差異時(shí)，，沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)肌群內(nèi)肌肉間的顯著差異（p0.05）。這表明肌群內(nèi)不同肌肉間的氧利用能力差異與肌群間不同肌肉之間的氧利用能力差異，可能存在不一樣的規(guī)律，但這需要進(jìn)一步研究。 綜上所述，聯(lián)合NIRS、sEMG及全身性生理監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)，能夠從局部到全身的角度進(jìn)行更全面的AEC評(píng)估。
[Abstract]:Aerobic exercise capacity (AEC) assessment, can obtain the maximal oxygen uptake (.V O_ (2max)), lactate threshold (LT), ventilatory threshold (GET), heart rate threshold (HRT) and systemic AEC index. On the selection of athletes, training has an important guiding significance. However, these indicators are usually is the use of systemic physiological monitoring techniques (such as heart and lung function monitoring, blood analysis technology) obtained, when measuring the need to wear a mask or blood, will make the subjects feel discomfort or loss measurement. In addition, using only systemic monitoring technology still can not explain some physiological phenomenon, for example, have a similar AEC the index group, its performance has a significant difference; the crowd high sports level function but the efficiency is low. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and surface electromyography (sEMG) technology can be respectively nondestructive, real-time monitoring of local muscle oxygen metabolism and neuronal activity. Considering the complexity of motion There are many muscles involved, and the contribution between muscles may be different. In this paper, local and whole body physiological monitoring is applied to monitor and analyze the changes of multiple local muscle and systemic exercise physiological parameters in different types of subjects and exercise modes, so as to evaluate AEC more comprehensively.
In this paper, combined with NIRS, sEMG and systemic physiological monitoring technology, measuring 8 rowing athletes, 31 athletes and 20 athletes of Sanda Athletes in incremental exercise test (IET) local muscle and systemic physiological parameters in response, and analysis of the biceps brachii (BB), vastus lateralis (VL), the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle (GL) (RF), rectus femoris, vastus medialis (VM) between the oxygen metabolism ability of one or more blocks in muscle and systemic AEC index.
At BB and VL in rowing athletes rowing in IET reflect the muscle oxygen metabolism ability of muscle oxygen inflection point (Bp) (BpBB:45 (3.8)%.V O_ (2max), BpVL:55.6 (2.4)%.V O_ (2max)) were significantly associated with systemic AEC index (r0.81, P 0.05). In high level athletes BpBB, and BpVL appeared later, and both appear closer to the time. The high level athletes of local muscle oxygen utilization ability is higher, and the muscles between different muscle oxygen utilization ability, higher degree, the physiological causes of muscle oxygen from the local point of view gives a high level athletes to achieve better performance.
In the fin swimming athletes bike IET BpVL (57.7 (1.4)%.V O_ (2max) and GL (Bp) BpGL, 65.7 (1.7)%.V O_ (2max)) were significantly associated with systemic AEC index (r0.839, P 0.01). But BpVL earlier than BpGL, which may be due to VL in the bicycle IET to contribute more, but oxidative muscle fiber ratio is lower than that of GL caused by BpVL and BpGL respectively. The AEC index with linear fitting, BpVL found that the goodness of fit is higher than that of BpGL (P 0.05), BpVL showed better ability to predict the AEC index, that is obtained by using the NIRS and Bp AEC evaluation, need to pay attention to the difference of muscle. High level athletes in IET during low efficiency, namely oxygen uptake with the power increases faster than the low level athletes (P0.05). The corresponding is, muscle oxygen high level athletes decreased slower (P 0.05), from the local muscle the angle of the high level of oxygen The physiological reason that the athlete's functional efficiency is low.
鏁ｆ墦榪愬姩鍛樺湪閫掑闈?rùn)鍔涙�т幾鑶滻ET涓

本文編號(hào)：1736229