腎臟仿生脈動灌流保存與功能損傷研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-04-20 06:37
本文選題:移植 + 灌流保存 ; 參考:《杭州電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:器官移植是救治多種器官功能衰竭患者生命的有效措施之一。隨著科研及醫(yī)療水平的提高,器官移植的種類和適應(yīng)范圍不斷擴(kuò)大,加之人類平均壽命逐漸延長等因素,器官移植的患者數(shù)量急劇增加,造成了移植供體的數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于待移植患者的數(shù)量,大量心死亡供體和邊緣供體也開始被大量的應(yīng)用于臨床移植。這就對傳統(tǒng)的腎臟保存的技術(shù)和系統(tǒng)提出了更高的要求。在這樣的形勢下,我們設(shè)計和開發(fā)出一套帶多參數(shù)檢測的腎臟低溫灌流保存系統(tǒng),,結(jié)果如下: 1、開發(fā)出一套脈動式低溫機(jī)器灌流保存腎臟的系統(tǒng),采用直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動蠕動泵對腎臟進(jìn)行灌流保存,較早期灌流系統(tǒng)的氣動式動力控制,更加方便,系統(tǒng)集成度高,更加穩(wěn)定; 2、系統(tǒng)可以根據(jù)不同大小、年齡段的腎臟,仿生主動脈壓力波動,設(shè)定不同的灌流壓力值和壓力脈動變化波形,保證了體外灌流對體內(nèi)實際灌流過程的仿真,減小了灌流損傷; 3、系統(tǒng)帶多參數(shù)傳感器檢測:可以實時檢測-5℃至45℃范圍內(nèi)的灌流環(huán)境溫度;可實時檢測灌流管路內(nèi)0mmHg至100mmHg范圍內(nèi)的壓力變化;可探測灌流管道內(nèi)是否有氣泡,并及時排除氣泡,最大程度的減小腎臟的灌流損傷。 4、在系統(tǒng)平臺的上,分別對豬腎連續(xù)灌流和脈動式灌流實驗,灌流時間均為24小時,通過豬腎在兩種灌流模式下,在各個時間段內(nèi)灌流流量變化研究腎功能損傷情況。實驗結(jié)果顯示,腎臟的功能變化可分為兩個階段:0小時至2小時階段為腎臟的低溫適應(yīng)期,2小時至24小時為腎功能平穩(wěn)階段,在這個階段腎臟功能平穩(wěn),但隨灌流時間的不斷增加,功能呈緩慢下降的趨勢。 5、取腎皮質(zhì)組織樣品,制成切片后在顯微鏡下觀察腎臟內(nèi)組織結(jié)構(gòu),切片結(jié)果顯示,腎小管保存良好,而腎小管是腎臟內(nèi)較容易損傷的結(jié)構(gòu),腎臟仿生脈動式保存對保護(hù)腎小管結(jié)構(gòu)有較為良好的功能。 由于時間所限,本課題的主要研究工作為設(shè)計并開發(fā)這套腎臟仿生脈動灌流保存系統(tǒng),并運用系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了一些實驗,驗證其在灌流保存腎臟方面的優(yōu)勢,并初步研究了腎臟在保存過程中功能的動態(tài)變化。腎臟保存技術(shù)及腎臟動態(tài)功能損傷變化的研究具有非常重大的研究價值,在接下來的工作中,我們將進(jìn)行更進(jìn)一步的探究。
[Abstract]:Organ transplantation is one of the effective measures to treat the life of patients with multiple organ failure. With the improvement of scientific research and medical treatment, the variety and adaptability of organ transplantation is expanding, and the average life span of human being is increasing gradually, the number of organ transplant patients has increased dramatically. As a result, the number of transplant donors is much lower than the number of patients to be transplanted, a large number of cardiac death donors and marginal donors are also beginning to be used in clinical transplantation. This raises higher requirements for traditional kidney preservation techniques and systems. In this situation, we design and develop a kidney cryopreservation system with multi-parameter measurement. The results are as follows: 1. A set of pulsating cryogenic machine perfusion system for kidney preservation is developed. The DC motor driven peristaltic pump is used to preserve the kidney, which is more convenient, more integrated and more stable than the pneumatic dynamic control of the early perfusion system. 2. According to the pressure fluctuation of kidney and biomimetic aorta of different sizes and ages, the system can set different perfusion pressure value and pressure fluctuation waveform, which can ensure the simulation of the actual perfusion process in vivo by external perfusion, and reduce the perfusion injury. 3, the system has multi-parameter sensor detection: can real-time detect the irrigation environment temperature in the range of -5 鈩
本文編號:1776682
本文鏈接:http://www.sikaile.net/yixuelunwen/mjlw/1776682.html
最近更新
教材專著