本文選題：世界衛(wèi)生組織 + 成員國(guó)　； 參考：《中國(guó)疫苗和免疫》2015年03期

【摘要】：目的分析世界衛(wèi)生組織(World Health Organization,WHO)194個(gè)成員國(guó)麻疹、流行性腮腺炎(流腮)和風(fēng)疹減毒活疫苗常規(guī)免疫程序、報(bào)告接種率和發(fā)病水平,為我國(guó)優(yōu)化含麻疹成分疫苗(Measles-containing Vaccine,MCV)免疫策略提供參考。方法匯總分析WHO網(wǎng)站公開數(shù)據(jù),包括各國(guó)MCV常規(guī)免疫疫苗種類、劑次數(shù)和接種月齡、報(bào)告接種率和發(fā)病數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果 WHO194個(gè)成員國(guó)中,有47個(gè)(24.2%)國(guó)家實(shí)施1劑MCV常規(guī)免疫程序;139個(gè)(71.6%)國(guó)家實(shí)施2劑MCV常規(guī)免疫程序,且其中102個(gè)(52.6%)國(guó)家為2劑麻疹-流腮-風(fēng)疹聯(lián)合減毒活疫苗(Measles,Mumps and Rubella Combined Attenuated Live Vaccine;MMR);另外8個(gè)國(guó)家實(shí)施≥3劑MCV常規(guī)免疫程序。第1劑(The 1stDose)MCV(MCV1)使用麻疹減毒活疫苗的68個(gè)國(guó)家中,有66個(gè)(97.1%)在≤9月齡接種;使用MMR的112個(gè)國(guó)家中,有109個(gè)(77.7%)在≥12月齡接種。自20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái),WHO各區(qū)域MCV1報(bào)告接種率一直以非洲區(qū)(Region for the Africa,AFR)最低。2009~2013年,麻疹發(fā)病率以WHO美洲區(qū)(Region for the Americas,AMR)最低(0.10/100萬(wàn)~1.38/100萬(wàn))、AFR最高(100.0/100萬(wàn)~232.4/100萬(wàn));風(fēng)疹發(fā)病率以WHO AMR最低(0.01/100萬(wàn)~0.02/100萬(wàn)),WHO西太平洋區(qū)(Region for the Western Pacific,WPR)和歐洲區(qū)較高;流腮發(fā)病率以WHO WPR最高(211.5/100萬(wàn)~328.6/100萬(wàn))。結(jié)論各國(guó)MCV常規(guī)免疫程序差別較大,采取≥2劑MMR免疫程序、且接種率較高的國(guó)家發(fā)病水平也較低。要同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)消除麻疹、控制風(fēng)疹和流腮,實(shí)施2劑MMR常規(guī)免疫程序非常必要。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the routine immunization procedures for measles, mumps and rubella attenuated live vaccines in 194 member countries of the World Health Organization (WHO), and to report the coverage rate and incidence level. It provides a reference for optimizing the immunization strategy of measure-containing Vaccine MCV in China. Methods the published data of WHO website were collected and analyzed, including the types, times and months of vaccination of MCV vaccines in different countries, and reported coverage rate and morbidity data. Results of the 194 WHO194 member States, 47 (24.2%) countries implemented a routine immunization program for MCV and 139 (71.6%) countries implemented two doses of routine immunization procedures for MCV, Two doses of measles and Rubella combined Attenuated Live Vaccine MMR were used in 102 (52.6%) countries, and the other 8 countries implemented routine immunization procedures with 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2066125