本文選題：艾滋病 + 資金　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2008年博士論文

【摘要】： 背景 艾滋病的流行已成為一個(gè)嚴(yán)重影響人類(lèi)健康和全球社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的公共衛(wèi)生危機(jī)問(wèn)題,艾滋病對(duì)人類(lèi)健康已經(jīng)造成的危害和潛在的威脅是史無(wú)前例的。聯(lián)合國(guó)在其發(fā)布的《人類(lèi)發(fā)展報(bào)告2005》中斷言:“艾滋病造成了人類(lèi)發(fā)展史上最為嚴(yán)重的倒退”。世界各國(guó)艾滋病流行態(tài)勢(shì)及防治經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明,預(yù)防和控制艾滋病是一項(xiàng)刻不容緩、復(fù)雜而長(zhǎng)期的艱巨任務(wù)。與艾滋病防治工作所需要的資金數(shù)量相比,資金不足是一個(gè)全球性的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)艾滋病規(guī)劃署(UNAIDS)的測(cè)算,目前全球艾滋病防治國(guó)際合作資金每年約有100億美元,而實(shí)際需要?jiǎng)t高達(dá)每年200—230億美元。 中國(guó)政府高度重視艾滋病防治工作,不斷加大艾滋病預(yù)防和控制力度,資金投入也迅速增長(zhǎng)。2006年1月29日,國(guó)務(wù)院頒布《艾滋病防治條例》。《條例》明確了“以政府投入為主,分級(jí)承擔(dān)、多渠道籌資”的籌資機(jī)制,規(guī)定“縣級(jí)以上地方人民政府按照本級(jí)政府的職責(zé),負(fù)責(zé)艾滋病預(yù)防、控制、監(jiān)督工作所需資金”,“中央財(cái)政對(duì)在艾滋病流行嚴(yán)重地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)實(shí)施的艾滋病防治重大項(xiàng)目給予補(bǔ)助”,“國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)和支持開(kāi)展艾滋病防治工作的國(guó)際合作與交流”。為此,中央財(cái)政設(shè)立了艾滋病防治專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金,并且已經(jīng)列入年度中央財(cái)政預(yù)算。該資金主要用于中央有關(guān)部門(mén)開(kāi)展防治工作和對(duì)重點(diǎn)疫區(qū)和經(jīng)濟(jì)困難地區(qū)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)助。 從艾滋病防治資金來(lái)源構(gòu)成看,目前我國(guó)艾滋病防治資金的主要來(lái)源為政府財(cái)政投入。它具有資金數(shù)量大、穩(wěn)定性強(qiáng)、可持續(xù)性強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn),對(duì)整個(gè)艾滋病防治工作的開(kāi)展發(fā)揮著主導(dǎo)作用。此外,國(guó)際合作項(xiàng)目資金數(shù)量?jī)H次于政府投入,其來(lái)源相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,對(duì)艾滋病防治工作起著重要的補(bǔ)充作用。 近年來(lái),隨著國(guó)內(nèi)艾滋病防治資金的迅速增長(zhǎng),對(duì)艾滋病籌資問(wèn)題的學(xué)術(shù)關(guān)注也逐漸增強(qiáng)。綜合國(guó)內(nèi)關(guān)于艾滋病籌資的研究結(jié)果,可以做出以下結(jié)論: 1)目前各級(jí)地方政府尚未完全承擔(dān)起艾滋病防治工作籌資的職責(zé); 2)中央財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付資金在各省的分配體現(xiàn)了補(bǔ)助“艾滋病流行嚴(yán)重地區(qū)”的原則,但是沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)補(bǔ)助“貧困地區(qū)”的原則。 由于受到數(shù)據(jù)可得性的影響,已有研究?jī)?nèi)容還比較局限,并且研究對(duì)象局限在國(guó)家或省級(jí)層面。但是艾滋病各項(xiàng)防治工作的落實(shí)主要是在縣級(jí),而已有的研究和結(jié)論主要是在國(guó)家級(jí)和省間層面上做出的,目前尚缺少在省內(nèi)、特別是縣級(jí)層面點(diǎn)對(duì)艾滋病籌資問(wèn)題的研究,而這樣的研究對(duì)于評(píng)價(jià)艾滋病籌資政策的執(zhí)行情況和指導(dǎo)決策具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。另外,艾滋病防治工作的投入產(chǎn)出情況、艾滋病項(xiàng)目資金的實(shí)際使用狀況和效率是決策者關(guān)心的一個(gè)重要問(wèn)題,目前國(guó)內(nèi)文獻(xiàn)還沒(méi)有提供這樣的研究信息。 本研究的主要目的是通過(guò)分析我國(guó)艾滋病防治資金的籌集、分配和利用狀況,揭示縣級(jí)政府在艾滋病籌資中的職責(zé)履行情況,中央財(cái)政資金在縣級(jí)分配的合理性,以及影響艾滋病資金利用效率的因素,為我國(guó)艾滋病籌資決策和項(xiàng)目管理提供參考信息。 研究方法 本研究以定量研究為主并結(jié)合案例分析。根據(jù)研究目的,分別選取并收集四川省181個(gè)縣(市、區(qū))2004—2006連續(xù)三年的疫情、資金籌集和分配數(shù)據(jù),中原七省(安徽、河北、河南、山東、山西和陜西省)72個(gè)艾滋病項(xiàng)目縣2005-2007連續(xù)三年的疫情、資金使用及產(chǎn)出數(shù)據(jù)作為研究對(duì)象。 數(shù)據(jù)的分析方法包括描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、方差分析、Probit回歸模型和線性回歸模型。由于本研究全部數(shù)據(jù)均為面板數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)(橫斷面時(shí)間序列數(shù)據(jù)),面板數(shù)據(jù)在進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析時(shí)需要進(jìn)行特殊的處理,這包括方差分析進(jìn)行重復(fù)測(cè)量因素的校正,回歸分析根據(jù)分析目的區(qū)分為組間效應(yīng)模型和組內(nèi)效應(yīng)模型,組內(nèi)效應(yīng)模型又劃分為固定效應(yīng)模型和隨機(jī)效應(yīng)模型。 數(shù)據(jù)的描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表主要使用MS Excel軟件,統(tǒng)計(jì)模型分析使用Stata 10軟件。 研究結(jié)果 縣級(jí)財(cái)政設(shè)立艾滋病專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金的比例很低。2004年四川省181個(gè)縣(縣級(jí)市、區(qū))中僅有16個(gè)縣級(jí)財(cái)政(8.84%)設(shè)立了艾滋病專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金,投入總額為48萬(wàn)元,投入最高者為10萬(wàn)元,最低者為0.2萬(wàn)元;2005年全省僅有28個(gè)縣級(jí)財(cái)政(15.47%)設(shè)立了艾滋病專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金,投入總額為157萬(wàn)元,投入最高者為20萬(wàn)元,最低者為0.3萬(wàn)元�？h級(jí)財(cái)政是否設(shè)立艾滋病專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金及資金的數(shù)量與HIV感染者人數(shù)和人均GDP沒(méi)有關(guān)系。人口數(shù)對(duì)縣級(jí)財(cái)政資金的影響作用具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,人口數(shù)每增加10萬(wàn),縣級(jí)財(cái)政資金數(shù)量平均增加910元,其實(shí)際意義不大。并且人口數(shù)對(duì)縣級(jí)財(cái)政資金數(shù)量的解釋作用僅為4.5%。 HIV感染者人數(shù)、人口數(shù)和人均GDP三個(gè)變量對(duì)中央財(cái)政資金在縣級(jí)的分配數(shù)量的影響作用均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,但是資金數(shù)量主要受疫情因素的影響,其它兩個(gè)變量的影響作用較小。HIV感染者人數(shù)越多、人口數(shù)越多、人均GDP越高,縣級(jí)獲得中央財(cái)政資金的數(shù)量越多。中央財(cái)政資金在縣級(jí)的配置體現(xiàn)了“重點(diǎn)支持高疫情地區(qū)”的原則,但沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)“重點(diǎn)支持貧困地區(qū)”的原則。 2005年—2007年,中原七省艾滋病項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)資金執(zhí)行率逐年上升,2007年平均資金執(zhí)行率達(dá)98.36%。多部門(mén)合作資金占總活動(dòng)資金的比例逐年增加,2007年已接近總資金數(shù)量的一半。參與艾滋病防治工作的非政府組織主要包括工會(huì)、共青團(tuán)、婦聯(lián)、紅十字會(huì)、計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)、相關(guān)學(xué)會(huì)和協(xié)會(huì)、學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)(高校和研究院/所)、草根組織等。每項(xiàng)活動(dòng)支持的資金額度從千元到數(shù)十萬(wàn)元不等,平均為1.5萬(wàn)元,學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)和國(guó)際組織資金相對(duì)較高,草根組織資金較少。 VCT單位成本在各省之間和各周期間存在明顯的差異,最高時(shí)為356.65元,最低時(shí)為30.25元。從項(xiàng)目第2周期開(kāi)始,隨著項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展,各省的VCT單位成本均呈現(xiàn)逐漸下降的趨勢(shì)。周期1各省平均VCT單位成本為100.24元,至周期6下降為61.63元,下降了38.52%。VCT單位成本隨著項(xiàng)目累計(jì)資金投入數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)而下降,回歸模型結(jié)果表明縣均累計(jì)資金數(shù)量每增加10萬(wàn)元,VCT單位成本降低30%。 ART單位成本在各省和各周期間存在巨大差異,最低時(shí)為51.84元,最高時(shí)達(dá)到8601.06元。與VCT單位成本的變化趨勢(shì)相反,隨著項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展,各省的ART單位成本總體上呈現(xiàn)逐漸上升的趨勢(shì)。周期1各省平均ART單位成本為193.55元,至周期6上升為450.92元,上升了3.82倍。ART單位成本隨著項(xiàng)目累計(jì)資金投入數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)而上升,回歸模型結(jié)果表明縣均累計(jì)資金數(shù)量每增加10萬(wàn)元,ART單位成本上升81%。 中原七省的艾滋病防治項(xiàng)目預(yù)防干預(yù)工作取得了明顯的效果。2007年與2005年相比,大眾人群艾滋病知識(shí)知曉率提高了31個(gè)百分點(diǎn),FSW艾滋病知識(shí)知曉率提高了32個(gè)百分點(diǎn),FSW最近一次商業(yè)性行為安全套使用率提高了13個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。 結(jié)論與政策建議 市、縣級(jí)地方財(cái)政沒(méi)有承擔(dān)起艾滋病籌資的應(yīng)有職責(zé)�？傮w上講,縣級(jí)財(cái)政對(duì)艾滋病防治工作的投入嚴(yán)重不足,沒(méi)有承擔(dān)起艾滋病防治應(yīng)有的籌資責(zé)任。建議采取有效措施使地方政府承擔(dān)起艾滋病籌資的應(yīng)有的職責(zé)。地方財(cái)政特別是縣級(jí)財(cái)政對(duì)艾滋病防治資金的投入數(shù)量應(yīng)該明文確定并予以量化。地方財(cái)政的投入應(yīng)與地方政府的財(cái)政能力相適應(yīng),經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地方投入較多的資金,經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地方可以投入較少的資金。經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)不足部分可通過(guò)中央財(cái)政和省財(cái)政的轉(zhuǎn)移支付補(bǔ)足。 中央財(cái)政資金在縣級(jí)的配置體現(xiàn)了重點(diǎn)支援艾滋病流行嚴(yán)重地區(qū)的原則,但沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的重點(diǎn)支援。建議明確并公開(kāi)上級(jí)財(cái)政資金分配方案,充分發(fā)揮財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付職能。中央轉(zhuǎn)移支付資金需要加大對(duì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移支付的力度,使經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的防治資金得到必要的保證。中央財(cái)政和省財(cái)政資金在進(jìn)行區(qū)域配置時(shí)應(yīng)充分發(fā)揮財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付職能,這不僅能起到平衡各地區(qū)艾滋病防治資金的作用,同時(shí)還可以促使地方政府發(fā)揮其在艾滋病防治籌資中的職能,調(diào)動(dòng)地方政府對(duì)艾滋病防治工作的積極性和責(zé)任意識(shí)。 在艾滋病項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行過(guò)程中,應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)各工作領(lǐng)域資金使用效率的測(cè)算并對(duì)其影響因素進(jìn)行研究。根據(jù)測(cè)算和研究結(jié)果,適時(shí)調(diào)整資金在項(xiàng)目地區(qū)和工作領(lǐng)域的分配,以提高資金的使用效率。以VCT和ART為例,本文研究結(jié)果表明,VCT資金的使用效率隨著項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展和資金的持續(xù)投入而逐漸提高,從效率角度考慮,應(yīng)保障VCT工作的持續(xù)投入。但是,由于艾滋病項(xiàng)目一般為持續(xù)數(shù)年的短期項(xiàng)目,在項(xiàng)目結(jié)束后,資金的持續(xù)性如何保證是決策部門(mén)應(yīng)該考慮的問(wèn)題;相反,ART資金的使用效率隨著項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展而逐漸下降,從效率的角度考慮,項(xiàng)目管理部門(mén)應(yīng)根據(jù)對(duì)ART效率的測(cè)算數(shù)據(jù),確定一個(gè)合理的效率界限值,對(duì)ART資金使用效率低于界限值的地區(qū)的ART資金做出適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整,將其ART資金調(diào)整為其它領(lǐng)域資金,或?qū)⑵銩RT資金調(diào)整到其它效率高的地區(qū)使用。項(xiàng)目資金調(diào)整的前提是資金的可調(diào)整性,目前艾滋病項(xiàng)目資金的調(diào)整,包括資金在各工作領(lǐng)域的調(diào)整和在各項(xiàng)目地區(qū)的調(diào)整,均需要繁瑣的審批手續(xù),實(shí)際執(zhí)行難度很大,這是項(xiàng)目管理機(jī)構(gòu)和出資方應(yīng)該關(guān)注的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:background
The epidemic of AIDS has become a public health crisis which seriously affects human health and the global social and economic development. AIDS has caused unprecedented dangers and potential threats to human health. The United Nations in its release of human development report 2005>: "AIDS has caused the most human development history. The epidemic situation and control experience of all countries in the world show that the prevention and control of AIDS is an urgent, complex and long-term arduous task. The shortage of funds is a global problem compared with the amount of funds needed for AIDS prevention and control. According to the estimate of the United Nations Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS), At present, the Global Fund for international cooperation in AIDS prevention and treatment is about $10 billion a year, and the actual demand is as high as $200 to $23 billion per year.
The Chinese government attaches great importance to the prevention and control of AIDS and increases the efforts of AIDS prevention and control. The investment in AIDS has also increased rapidly in January 29th. The State Council promulgated < Regulations for the prevention and control of AIDS >. < Regulations >. The financing mechanism of "government input, hierarchical commitment and multi-channel financing" has been defined by the State Council, which stipulates "civil affairs at the county level and above". In accordance with the responsibilities of the government, the government is responsible for the prevention, control and supervision of AIDS, "the central finance gives subsidies to major AIDS prevention and control projects in the areas of AIDS epidemic and poor areas". "The State encourages and supports international cooperation and exchanges on AIDS prevention and treatment." The government has set up special funds for the prevention and control of AIDS, and has been included in the annual central financial budget. The fund is mainly used in the central departments concerned to carry out prevention and control work and to subsidize key epidemic areas and economically difficult areas.
From the source of AIDS prevention and control, the main source of AIDS prevention and control funds in China is the government financial input. It has the characteristics of large amount of funds, strong stability and strong sustainability. It plays a leading role in the development of the whole AIDS prevention and control work. In addition, the number of international cooperation projects is second only to the government investment. The source is relatively stable, which plays an important supplementary role in AIDS prevention and control.
In recent years, with the rapid growth of domestic AIDS prevention and control funds, the academic concern on AIDS financing has gradually increased. The results of comprehensive domestic research on AIDS financing can be made as follows:
1) at present, local governments at all levels have not yet fully assumed the responsibilities of raising funds for AIDS prevention and control.
2) the allocation of the central financial transfer payment in the provinces reflects the principle of subsidized "the epidemic area of AIDS epidemic", but it does not reflect the principle of subsidized "poor areas".
Due to the effect of data availability, the existing research content is limited, and the research object is limited to the national or provincial level. However, the implementation of the AIDS prevention and control work is mainly at the county level, while the existing research and conclusions are mainly made at the national and inter provincial levels, and are still lacking in the province, especially at the county level. The research on the problem of AIDS financing is of great value to the evaluation of the implementation of AIDS financing policy and the guidance and decision-making. In addition, the input and output of AIDS prevention and control work, the actual use and efficiency of AIDS project funds are an important issue for the decision-makers. The domestic literature has not provided such information.
The main purpose of this study is to analyze the financing, distribution and utilization of AIDS prevention and control in China, to reveal the performance of the duties of county-level governments in AIDS financing, the rationality of the distribution of central financial funds at the county level, and the factors affecting the efficiency of AIDS fund utilization, for the decision-making of AIDS financing and project management in China. Provide reference information.
research method
According to the purpose of this study, we selected and collected 181 counties (cities, districts) of Sichuan province (city, district) 2004 to 2006 consecutive three years of epidemic, fund and allocation of data, seven provinces of the Central Plains (Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi and Shaanxi province) 72 AIDS counties 2005-2007 consecutive three years of epidemic situation, Gold use and output data are used as research objects.
Data analysis methods include descriptive statistical analysis, ANOVA analysis, Probit regression model and linear regression model. Because all the data are panel data structures (cross section time series data), panel data need special reasons for statistical analysis, which includes variance analysis for repeated measurement factors. The regression analysis is divided into the inter group effect model and the intra group effect model according to the analysis purpose, and the intra group effect model is divided into the fixed effect model and the random effect model.
Descriptive statistical analysis and statistical charts of data are mainly based on MS Excel software and statistical model analysis using Stata 10 software.
Research results
The proportion of AIDS special funds at county level was very low in 181 counties (county-level cities and districts) in Sichuan province (8.84%) of County Finance (8.84%) set up special funds for AIDS in 16 counties (8.84%), the total input was 480 thousand yuan, the highest was 100 thousand yuan and the lowest was 2 thousand yuan. In 2005, only 28 county finance (15.47%) set up AIDS special. The total investment is 1 million 570 thousand yuan, the highest input is 200 thousand yuan and the lowest is 3 thousand yuan. The number of AIDS special funds and funds at the county level is not related to the number of HIV infected persons and the per capita GDP. The influence of the population on the county financial funds is of unified significance, the population number is increased by 100 thousand, and the county financial capital is increased. The average increase in the amount of gold is 910 yuan, and its actual significance is not large. And the number of population is only 4.5%.
The number of HIV infection, the number of population and the three variables of per capita GDP have statistical significance on the distribution of central financial funds at the county level, but the amount of funds is mainly affected by the epidemic factors, the other two variables have less influence on the number of.HIV infected people, the more the population, the higher the per capita GDP, the county-level gain. The number of central financial funds is more. The allocation of central financial funds at the county level embodies the principle of "key support for high epidemic areas", but does not reflect the principle of "key support to poor areas".
From 2005 to 2007, the implementation rate of AIDS activities in the seven provinces of Central Plains increased year by year. The proportion of the average funds in 2007 increased with the proportion of 98.36%. multi sector cooperative funds, which was nearly half of the total funds in 2007. The non-governmental organizations involved in the AIDS prevention and control work included the trade unions, the Communist Youth League and the women's Federation. The Red Cross, the Family Planning Commission, the relevant societies and associations, academic institutions (universities and institutes / institutes), grassroots organizations, etc. each activity supports a range of funds ranging from 1000 yuan to hundreds of thousands of yuan, averaging 15 thousand yuan, relatively high funds for academic institutions and international organizations and less capital in grass-roots organizations.
VCT unit cost has obvious difference between each province and each cycle, the highest is 356.65 yuan and the lowest is 30.25 yuan. From the second period of the project, with the project progress, the cost of VCT unit in each province is decreasing gradually. The average cost of VCT unit of each province is 100.24 yuan, and the decrease of 61.63 yuan to 6 of the period is 61.63 yuan, down by 38.52. The unit cost of%.VCT decreased with the increase of the amount of funds invested in the project. The regression model showed that the total amount of capital in the county increased by 100 thousand yuan, and the cost of VCT unit reduced by 30%.
There is a huge difference between ART unit cost in all provinces and cycles, at the minimum of 51.84 yuan and up to 8601.06 yuan at the highest level. Contrary to the change trend of VCT unit cost, as the project progresses, the cost of ART unit in each province is on the rise. The average cost of ART unit in each province is 193.55 yuan, and to the cycle 6 is up to 450.92. Yuan, up 3.82 times.ART unit cost increases with the increase in the amount of capital investment in the project. The regression model results show that the total amount of funds in the county increases by 100 thousand yuan, and the cost of ART unit increases by 81%..
The prevention and intervention of AIDS prevention and control projects in the seven provinces of central China have achieved significant results in.2007 years compared with 2005, the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge in the mass population increased by 31 percentage points, and the awareness rate of FSW AIDS knowledge increased by 32 percentage points, and the use rate of the latest commercial behavior safety set in FSW was increased by 13 percentage points.
Conclusions and policy recommendations
Municipal, county and local finance did not assume the responsibility for AIDS financing. On the whole, the input of the county finance to AIDS prevention and control work is seriously inadequate, and there is no responsibility for the financing of AIDS prevention. It is suggested that effective measures be taken to make the local government undertake the due responsibility of AIDS financing. The investment in the funds for the prevention and control of AIDS should be clearly defined and quantified. The input of local finance should be adapted to the financial capacity of local governments, more funds are invested in the developed areas, less funds can be invested in underdeveloped areas, and the insufficient part of the underdeveloped areas can be passed through the central finance and the province's wealth. The transfer payment of the government is complemented.
The allocation of central financial funds at the county level embodies the principle of focusing on the serious AIDS epidemic areas, but does not reflect the key support for the underdeveloped areas. It is suggested that the financial transfer scheme should be made clear and open, and the financial transfer payment function should be fully played. The central transfer payment needs to increase the transfer of funds to the less developed areas. The efforts to transfer payment make the funds for the prevention and control of the underdeveloped areas necessary guarantee. The central financial and provincial financial funds should give full play to the financial transfer payment function in the regional allocation, which can not only balance the role of AIDS prevention and control funds in various regions, but also promote the local government to play its role in the prevention and control of AIDS. In the fund-raising function, we should mobilize local governments' initiative and sense of responsibility for AIDS prevention and control.
In the implementation of AIDS projects, we should strengthen the calculation of the efficiency of the use of funds in various work areas and study its influencing factors. According to the results of calculation and research, we should adjust the allocation of funds in the project area and work field in time so as to improve the efficiency of the use of funds. The results of this study show that the VCT funds are made by VCT and ART. With the progress of the project and the continuous investment of funds, the efficiency of the VCT should be ensured. However, since AIDS projects are generally a short-term project for several years, how to guarantee the sustainability of funds after the end of the project is a problem that the decision department should consider; on the contrary, the use of ART funds. Efficiency decreases gradually as the project progresses. From the efficiency point of view, the project management department should determine a reasonable limit of efficiency according to the measured data of ART efficiency, make appropriate adjustments to the ART funds in the area where the use efficiency of ART is lower than the limit value, and adjust its ART funds to other domain funds, or its ART capital. Gold is adjusted to other areas with high efficiency. The premise of the adjustment of the project funds is the readjustment of funds. At present, the adjustment of funds for AIDS projects, including the adjustment of funds in various work areas and the adjustment in each project area, requires tedious examination and approval procedures, and it is difficult to carry out the actual implementation. This is the project management organization and the capital contribution. A matter of concern.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R184

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 譚婧;閻正民;劉彥君;朱靜秋;陳瑞瑞;劉銳;;某艾滋病綜合示范區(qū)經(jīng)費(fèi)流向分析[J];預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)情報(bào)雜志;2009年12期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 姜思宇;從個(gè)人和家庭層面分析艾滋病對(duì)我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響[D];北京信息控制研究所;2010年

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本文編號(hào)：1860440