【摘要】：種植牙舒適美觀,可以較好地恢復缺牙區(qū)的功能,而且不損害相鄰牙,已經(jīng)成為口腔醫(yī)學界公認的缺失牙的首選修復方法。種植體的植入位置需要避開頜骨中神經(jīng)管、鄰牙牙根等重要解剖結構,且要保證種植體與骨界面結合處有充足的骨量,同時植入的方向和角度需要充分考慮后期的修復。傳統(tǒng)的種植方法無法在術前進行科學的種植手術規(guī)劃、術中主要依靠醫(yī)生的經(jīng)驗、難以精確地控制種植位置和角度,使得種植手術存在安全隱患和失敗的風險。數(shù)字化種植技術的興起在一定程度上彌補了傳統(tǒng)種植方法的缺陷。雖然采用數(shù)字化種植技術后種植體的植入精度相比于傳統(tǒng)種植方法有明顯改進,但仍有待進一步提高。口腔種植導板是數(shù)字化種植技術實現(xiàn)的關鍵載體,從前期患者數(shù)據(jù)的采集開始,方案設計、加工制造等數(shù)字化種植中的各環(huán)節(jié)誤差都會累積到導板上。而導板的定位精度直接影響到種植備孔的精確度并最終影響種植體的植入位置。本研究旨在構建一種在術前評價口腔種植導板定位誤差的方法。首先,提出了基于三角網(wǎng)格曲面的定位誤差分析模型;其次,探究了導板定位曲面的布局及誤差對導板定位誤差的影響,本文采用種植體的位置偏差來描述導板定位誤差;然后進行導板的設計制造,加工出具有特定定位曲面的導板,并評價了導板定位曲面的誤差。最后,通過實驗和仿真分析的方法評價了導板定位誤差。本文的主要工作和研究成果如下:1.分析了三角網(wǎng)格曲面裝配接觸特性,提出了基于三角網(wǎng)格曲面裝配模型的定位誤差分析方法,并給出了其中雅可比矩陣的表達式;2.構建了定位曲面誤差分析方法,提出了采用定位點誤差表達定位曲面誤差的方法,討論了導板定位曲面誤差及定位曲面布局對定位誤差的影響;3.針對具有特定定位曲面的導板,進行了導板定位曲面的誤差分析。實驗表明:定位曲面誤差與其在導板上所處位置無關。所制備的導板定位曲面的整體平均偏差在0.169 mm;4.采用實驗及仿真方法進行導板定位誤差的評價,其仿真結果與實驗結果具有一致性。結果表明,因導板定位問題而引起種植體頸部和頂端的偏差均接近1mm,且種植體頂端偏差要大于頸部偏差。另外,導板定位誤差受定位曲面布局及定位曲面誤差的共同影響。在同一定位曲面布局下,定位誤差隨定位曲面誤差遞增;定位誤差與定位曲面布局之間無明顯線性關系。
[Abstract]:The dental implant is comfortable and beautiful, can restore the function of the missing tooth area, and does not damage the adjacent teeth, so it has become the preferred restoration method of missing tooth in the field of stomatology. The implant should avoid the important anatomical structures such as the middle jaw canal and the root of the adjacent tooth, and ensure that there is sufficient bone mass at the interface between the implant and the bone. At the same time, the direction and angle of the implant should be fully considered in the later stage of restoration. The traditional implant method can not carry out the scientific planning of the implant operation before operation, and it is difficult to accurately control the location and angle of the implant by relying mainly on the experience of the doctor during the operation, which makes the implant operation have the risk of safety hidden trouble and failure. The rise of digital planting technology to some extent makes up for the defects of traditional planting methods. Although the precision of the implant with digital planting technology is obviously improved compared with the traditional planting method, it still needs to be further improved. Oral implant guide plate is the key carrier of digital implant technology. From the beginning of data acquisition, scheme design, processing and manufacturing, the errors in digital implant will accumulate to the guide board. The positioning accuracy of the guide plate directly affects the precision of the implant hole and finally the implant location. The purpose of this study was to establish a method to evaluate the positioning error of oral implant guide before operation. Firstly, the positioning error analysis model based on triangular mesh surface is proposed. Secondly, the layout of guide plate positioning surface and the influence of the error on the guide plate positioning error are explored. In this paper, the implant position deviation is used to describe the guide plate positioning error. Then the guide plate is designed and manufactured, and the guide plate with a specific positioning surface is machined, and the error of the guide plate positioning surface is evaluated. Finally, the positioning error of guide plate is evaluated by experiment and simulation. The main work and research results are as follows: 1. The contact characteristics of triangular mesh surface assembly are analyzed, and the location error analysis method based on triangular mesh surface assembly model is proposed, and the expression of Jacobian matrix is given. 2. The error analysis method of positioning surface is constructed, and the method of expressing the error of positioning surface by using the error of positioning point is put forward, and the influence of positioning surface error of guide plate and the layout of positioning surface on positioning error is discussed. 3. The error analysis of guide plate with special positioning surface is carried out. The experimental results show that the error of the positioning surface is independent of the position on the guide plate. The overall average deviation of the orientation surface of the prepared guide plate is 0.169 mm;4.. The experimental and simulation methods are used to evaluate the positioning error of the guide plate, and the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. The results show that the deviation between the neck and the tip of the implant is close to 1 mm due to the location of the guide plate, and the deviation of the top of the implant is greater than that of the neck. In addition, the positioning error of the guide plate is affected by both the positioning surface layout and the positioning surface error. Under the same positioning surface layout, the positioning error increases with the positioning surface error, and there is no obvious linear relationship between the positioning error and the positioning surface layout.
【學位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R783.6

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相關期刊論文 前10條

1 胡祥剛;賈列妮;王偉;謝喬;賈駿;;基于空間立體定位技術模型法種植導板臨床精度評價[J];中國實用口腔科雜志;2016年05期

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本文編號：2394516