本文選題：平滑追隨眼動 + 空間注意��； 參考：《電子科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：平滑追隨眼動是眼睛跟隨運動中的目標物,將感興趣物體的影像維持在視網(wǎng)膜中央凹的一種眼動方式。平滑追隨眼動與注意有密切的聯(lián)系,且研究發(fā)現(xiàn)額葉和頂葉皮層在注意控制中起到重要的作用。但是平滑追隨眼動的神經(jīng)機制多為非人類靈長類的電生理研究,對其人腦方面的神經(jīng)機制的研究尚處于發(fā)展階段。進一步,平滑追隨眼動與注意的關系多采用心理物理學方法,因此欠缺對其神經(jīng)機制的研究。本文結合經(jīng)顱磁刺激(TMS)和眼動技術,共設計了3個實驗,實驗中采用offline的連續(xù)theta快速刺激(cTBS)的刺激模式,對額葉眼區(qū)和后頂葉皮層以及控制點進行TMS刺激,并采集和分析眼動數(shù)據(jù),探討感興趣區(qū)域在平滑追隨眼動與注意中所起的作用。實驗一中通過控制運動信號的變化來調節(jié)平滑追隨所需的注意資源,即采用不同運動信息的視覺刺激驅動平滑追隨眼動。結果表明cTBS刺激右側PPC會減少平滑追隨表現(xiàn)中注意需求所引起的差異性,即促進平滑追隨眼動中注意資源的釋放,使得兩種驅動刺激間所需的注意資源總量減少。但是右側FEF在本實驗范式中受到cTBS的影響比較微弱。針對實驗一并未直接測量注意任務的缺陷,實驗二在平滑追隨任務中增加了目標識別任務,采用雙任務的實驗范式進行研究。結果顯示,當cTBS刺激右側PPC和右側FEF時,與頂點vertex相比,均促進了朝右的平滑追隨眼動的潛伏期,表明對右側PPC和右側FEF的刺激加快了同方向的平滑追隨眼動中注意的釋放。已有研究提示中央凹刺激的消失有助于注意的釋放,實驗三研究PPC對中央凹刺激的消失所引起的注意釋放的調節(jié)作用。實驗中采用中央凹刺激在注意任務的目標物變化前0ms(no-gap)或者200ms(gap)消失,并結合目標探測任務進行研究。結果發(fā)現(xiàn)cTBS刺激右側PPC減小了追隨方向上平穩(wěn)期速度增益的差值,主要傾向于提高了追隨方向朝右時的速度增益,促進了同側注意資源的釋放。在gap后700ms內的速度增益中,對右側PPC的刺激增大了no-gap和gap間速度增益的差值,促進了中央凹刺激對注意資源的調制,使得gap effect變大。總之,后頂葉皮層在平滑追隨眼動和注意中起到一定的促進作用,而額葉眼區(qū)雖然也促進了同方向的平滑追隨眼動注意的釋放,但是其神經(jīng)機制的研究還需要做進一步的探討。
[Abstract]:Smooth eye movement is an eye movement mode in which the object of eye following motion maintains the image of the object of interest in the central fovea of the retina. Smooth eye movement is closely related to attention, and frontal and parietal cortex play an important role in attention control. However, the neural mechanism of smooth eye movement is mostly electrophysiological studies of non-human primates, and the study of neural mechanism in human brain is still in the developing stage. Furthermore, the smooth relationship between eye movement and attention is mostly based on psychophysical methods, so there is a lack of research on its neural mechanism. Combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and oculomotor technique, three experiments were designed. In the experiment, TMS stimulation was performed on the frontal lobe, posterior parietal cortex and control point by offline's continuous theta rapid stimulation mode. Eye movement data were collected and analyzed to explore the role of region of interest in smooth eye movement and attention. In experiment 1, the attention resources needed for smooth tracking are adjusted by controlling the changes of motion signals, that is, the visual stimuli with different motion information are used to drive smooth eye tracking. The results show that cTBS stimulates the right side PPC to reduce the difference caused by the attention demand in smooth follow performance, that is, to promote the release of attention resources in smooth following eye movement, so as to reduce the total attention resources required between the two kinds of driving stimuli. But the right FEF is slightly affected by cTBS in this paradigm. In view of the defect that the attention task was not directly measured in experiment 1, the target recognition task was added to the smooth pursuit task in experiment 2, and the two-task experimental paradigm was used to study the problem. The results showed that when cTBS stimulated the right PPC and the right FEF, compared with the vertex, both of them promoted the latency of the right smooth eye following eye movement, indicating that the stimulation of the right PPC and the right side FEF accelerated the release of attention in the same direction smoothly following the eye movement. Studies have shown that the disappearance of central fovea stimulation is helpful to the release of attention. Experiment 3 studies the regulatory effect of PPC on the release of attention caused by the disappearance of central fossa stimulation. In the experiment, the central fovea stimulation disappeared before the change of the object of the attention task (0 msno-gapa) or 200ms Gapa), and the study was carried out in combination with the target detection task. The results show that the right side PPC stimulated by cTBS decreases the difference of the velocity gain in the stationary phase in the following direction, which tends to increase the velocity gain in the following direction and promote the release of the ipsilateral attention resources. In the velocity gain of 700ms after gap, the difference between the velocity gain of no-gap and gap is increased by the stimulation of right side PPC, and the modulation of attention resources is promoted by the central foveal stimulus, which makes gap effect bigger. In a word, the posterior parietal cortex plays a certain role in promoting smooth eye movement and attention, while the frontal eye area also promotes the release of smooth follow eye attention in the same direction, but the study of its neural mechanism needs to be further explored.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.41;R338

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