【摘要】：為保障動(dòng)物源性飼料的安全使用,開展不同種屬動(dòng)物源性飼料的快速鑒別分析研究,具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文從動(dòng)物源性飼料的脂質(zhì)組成入手,以不同種屬動(dòng)物源性飼料為研究對(duì)象,采用全自動(dòng)脂肪測(cè)定儀提取脂質(zhì)成分,通過氣相色譜法分析比較脂質(zhì)組成及含量信息。通過紅外和拉曼光譜技術(shù)采集動(dòng)物源性飼料脂質(zhì)光譜數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)方法對(duì)動(dòng)物源性飼料進(jìn)行種屬鑒別,并分析二者鑒別效果及機(jī)理。基于紅外和拉曼光譜聯(lián)用構(gòu)建了動(dòng)物源性飼料的種屬判別模型,并基于二者特征譜段對(duì)動(dòng)物源性飼料種屬鑒別機(jī)理的互補(bǔ)性進(jìn)行分析。采用紅外和拉曼光譜技術(shù)對(duì)反芻動(dòng)物源肉骨粉摻加成分進(jìn)行定性判別和定量分析研究。(1)不同種屬動(dòng)物源性飼料的脂肪酸組成及含量各不相同。魚粉中多不飽和脂肪酸含量顯著高于肉骨粉中的含量,飽和脂肪酸在牛、羊、豬、雞肉骨粉和魚粉中的含量依次降低�；跉庀嗌V圖信息和37種脂肪酸組成及含量對(duì)動(dòng)物源性飼料進(jìn)行種屬鑒別,結(jié)果表明,基于脂質(zhì)特性進(jìn)行動(dòng)物源性飼料種屬判別可行。(2)采集動(dòng)物源性飼料的脂質(zhì)紅外光譜,不同種屬動(dòng)物源性飼料在968 cm-1處的峰值和1116和1098cm-1處的峰比值呈顯著性差異(P0.05)。結(jié)合化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)研究表明,基于脂質(zhì)紅外光譜可成功鑒別不同種屬動(dòng)物源性飼料。脂質(zhì)紅外光譜與其不飽和脂肪酸之間存在高度相關(guān)性(r 0.960)。機(jī)理研究表明,紅外光譜基于脂質(zhì)成分進(jìn)行動(dòng)物源性飼料種屬鑒別,主要基于脂肪酸的飽和/不飽和度及其順式(cis)或反式(trans)脂肪酸含量的差異特征。(3)采集動(dòng)物源性飼料的脂質(zhì)拉曼光譜,結(jié)合脂肪酸特性分析,特征峰比值(1654/1748cm-1和1654/1445 cm-1)與動(dòng)物源性飼料脂質(zhì)不飽和度呈現(xiàn)高度相關(guān)性(r2 0.940)。結(jié)合化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)方法發(fā)現(xiàn),532 nm拉曼光譜較傅里葉拉曼光譜具有更好的動(dòng)物源性飼料種屬鑒別潛力。機(jī)理研究表明,拉曼光譜基于脂質(zhì)成分進(jìn)行動(dòng)物源性飼料種屬鑒別,主要基于脂肪酸的飽和/不飽和度及其順式(cis)脂肪酸含量的差異特征。(4)動(dòng)物源性飼料脂質(zhì)的紅外與拉曼光譜具有互補(bǔ)性,紅外和532nm拉曼光譜具有較好的動(dòng)物源性飼料種屬鑒別效果�；诩t外和拉曼光譜聯(lián)用技術(shù)構(gòu)建了動(dòng)物源性飼料的種屬判別分析模型。結(jié)果表明,紅外和拉曼光譜聯(lián)用可有效提高動(dòng)物源性飼料種屬判別效果。機(jī)理互補(bǔ)性研究表明,特定波段的紅外和拉曼光譜對(duì)不同種屬動(dòng)物源性飼料鑒別各有側(cè)重,可有效進(jìn)行互補(bǔ)。(5)采用紅外和拉曼光譜技術(shù)對(duì)反芻動(dòng)物源肉骨粉摻加樣品進(jìn)行定性判別和定量分析研究。摻有不同比例反芻動(dòng)物源肉骨粉的動(dòng)物源性肉骨粉的脂質(zhì)光譜呈現(xiàn)明顯差異�；谥|(zhì)特性,紅外和拉曼光譜技術(shù)均可成功對(duì)反芻動(dòng)物源肉骨粉的摻加成分2q進(jìn)行定性判別和定量分析。判別機(jī)理研究結(jié)果表明,紅外光譜主要是基于反芻動(dòng)物源肉骨粉中反式(trans)脂肪酸含量的差異而進(jìn)行判別分析;拉曼光譜主要是基于脂肪酸的飽和/不飽和度及其順式(cis)脂肪酸含量的差異而進(jìn)行判別分析。
[Abstract]:In order to guarantee the safe use of the animal's source feed, it is of great practical significance to carry out the rapid identification and analysis of the animal source feed in different species. This paper starts with the lipid composition of animal source feed, and uses the animal-derived feed of different species as the research object, and uses the full-automatic fat measuring instrument to extract the fat component, and the composition and content information of the fat are compared by gas chromatography. The animal-derived feed-fat spectral data was collected by IR and Raman spectroscopy, and the animal-derived feed was identified by a chemometric method, and the identification effect and mechanism of the two were analyzed. The species discrimination model of animal-derived feed is constructed based on the combination of infrared and Raman spectrum, and the complementary analysis of the identification mechanism of the animal-derived feed species is carried out based on the characteristic spectrum of the two. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the additive components of the meat and bone meal in the ruminant was carried out by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy. (1) The fatty acid composition and content of animal-derived feed in different species were different. the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acid in the fish meal is obviously higher than that of the meat and bone meal, and the content of the saturated fatty acid in the beef, the sheep, the pig, the chicken meat and bone meal and the fish meal is reduced in sequence. The species identification of the animal-derived feed was carried out based on the information of gas chromatography and the composition and content of 37 fatty acids. The results showed that the animal-derived feed species was found to be feasible based on the properties of lipid. (2) The peak value of the animal-derived feed at 968 cm-1 and the peak-to-peak ratio of 1116 and 1098cm-1 at 968 cm-1 were significantly different (P0.05). in combination with that study of chemometrics, animal-derived feed in different species can be successfully identified based on the lipid-based infrared spectrum. There was a high correlation between the lipid infrared spectrum and its unsaturated fatty acid (r 0.960). The mechanism research shows that the infrared spectrum is based on the lipid component for the identification of the animal origin feed species, mainly based on the saturation/ non-saturation of the fatty acid and the difference between the cis (cis) or trans (trans) fatty acid content. (3) It was found that the ratio of the characteristic peaks (1654/ 1748cm-1 and 1654/ 1445cm-1) was highly correlated with the non-saturation of the animal-derived feed (r2 0.940). In combination with the chemometric method, it was found that the 532 nm Raman spectrum has better identification potential for animal-derived feed species than that of the Fourier-Raman spectrum. The mechanism research shows that the Raman spectrum is based on the lipid component for the identification of the animal origin feed species, mainly based on the saturation/ non-saturation of the fatty acid and the difference of the cis (cis) fatty acid content. (4) The infrared and Raman spectra of the animal-derived feed fat have complementary, and the infrared and 532nm Raman spectra have good animal-derived feed species identification effect. The species discrimination model of animal-derived feed was constructed based on the combination of infrared and Raman spectrum. The results show that the combination of infrared and Raman spectroscopy can effectively improve the identification effect of animal-derived feed. The study of mechanism complementarity shows that the specific bands of infrared and Raman spectra have different focus on the identification of different species of animal origin feed, and can be effectively complementary. (5) The qualitative and quantitative analysis of meat and bone meal of ruminant was carried out by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The lipid profiles of animal-derived meat and bone meal with different proportion of ruminant-derived meat and bone meal were significantly different. Based on the properties of the lipid, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the additive component 2q of the meat and bone meal in the ruminant animal can be performed successfully. The results of the study indicate that the infrared spectrum is mainly based on the difference of trans-trans fatty acid content in the meat and bone meal of the ruminant. The Raman spectrum is mainly based on the saturation/ non-saturation of the fatty acid and the difference of the cis (cis) fatty acid content.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S816

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