【摘要】：為了研究自然霉變飼糧對(duì)仔豬的毒性以及酵母細(xì)胞壁(YCW)吸附劑脫毒的功效,本研究分兩部分:自然霉變飼糧對(duì)仔豬中毒的研究:研究不同水平霉變飼糧對(duì)仔豬生產(chǎn)性能、養(yǎng)分利用率、血清酶水平的影響。選用28日齡體重(9.59±0.79)kg的健康仔豬15頭,隨機(jī)分為3個(gè)處理,每個(gè)處理5個(gè)重復(fù)。對(duì)照組飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼糧,50%M組和100%組飼糧中分別含有888.4μg/kg和1685.6μg/kg的玉米赤霉烯酮。結(jié)果表明:①隨ZEA水平的增加,仔豬平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)呈線性或二次曲線降低(P0.05)。②隨ZEA水平的增加,仔豬飼糧總能(GE)、有機(jī)物(OM)、干物質(zhì)(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)表觀消化率呈線性或二次曲線降低(P0.05)。③隨ZEA水平的增加,血清中天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)水平呈線性或二次曲線降低(P0.05),丙氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(ALT)水平呈線性或二次曲線升高,堿性磷酸酶(ALP)水平呈先降后升的二次曲線變化(P0.05)。酵母細(xì)胞壁脫毒功效的研究:研究酵母細(xì)胞壁對(duì)霉變飼糧脫毒效果及對(duì)仔豬生產(chǎn)性能、器官指數(shù)、養(yǎng)分利用率、血清生化以及消化生理的影響。選用40頭體重相近(8.32±0.49)kg的健康仔豬,隨機(jī)分為4個(gè)處理,每個(gè)處理10個(gè)重復(fù)。對(duì)照組:飼喂基礎(chǔ)飼糧;負(fù)對(duì)照(50%M組):飼喂含849.4μg/kg的霉變飼糧;0.10%YCW組(ZEA,823.0μg/kg)和0.25%YCW組(ZEA,884.2μg/kg)在負(fù)對(duì)照的基礎(chǔ)上添加0.10%和0.25%的YCW。結(jié)果表明:自然霉變飼糧損傷器官發(fā)育,顯著降低肝臟指數(shù)(P0.05);影響正常血清代謝(P0.05),顯著降低血清白蛋白水平(30 d時(shí));降低機(jī)體免疫,顯著降低豬瘟抗體水平,顯著增加血清免疫球蛋白含量,30 d時(shí)Ig M含量除外;阻礙養(yǎng)分的消化利用,DM、CP、EE、GE的表觀利用率和粗蛋白質(zhì)生物學(xué)利用價(jià)值(CPBV)顯著降低(P0.05);降低腸道酶活,淀粉酶(AMS)、胰蛋白酶(TRS)和脂肪酶(LPS)活性在十二指腸和空腸中的活性顯著降低(P0.05)。YCW有效(P0.05)減輕ZEA污染飼糧對(duì)仔豬的毒性作用,提高仔豬平均日增重、養(yǎng)分消化率及消化酶活性,改善15 d時(shí)血清免疫球蛋白含量,增強(qiáng)豬瘟抗體水平,保護(hù)肝腎發(fā)育。0.25%的添加水平能增強(qiáng)脫毒效果,但差異不顯著(P0.05)。霉變飼糧能夠降低仔豬生產(chǎn)性能,損傷器官發(fā)育,擾亂機(jī)體血清代謝,降低機(jī)體免疫,降低養(yǎng)分利用率以及降低消化酶活性。添加酵母細(xì)胞壁能夠有效減輕霉變飼糧對(duì)仔豬的毒性作用,但不能完全消除。
[Abstract]:In order to study the toxicity of natural mildew diet to piglets and the detoxification effect of yeast cell wall (YCW) adsorbent, this study was divided into two parts: the study on the toxicity of natural mildew diet to piglets: the study on the production performance of different levels of mildew diets on piglets. The effect of nutrient utilization rate and serum enzyme level. Fifteen healthy piglets with body weight of (9.59 鹵0.79) kg on day 28 were randomly divided into 3 treatments with 5 replicates each. The control group was fed with 888.4 渭 g/kg and 1685.6 渭 g/kg zearalenone in basal diet and 100% diet, respectively. The results showed that with the increase of ZEA level, the average daily gain (ADG),) (ADFI) of piglets decreased linearly or conic (P0.05) with the increase of ZEA level. The apparent digestibility of crude fat (EE) of (GE), organic matter, (OM), (DM), crude protein, (CP), was decreased by linear or quadratic curve (P0.05) with the increase of ZEA level in piglets. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) level decreased linearly or conic (P0.05), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level increased linearly or quadratic curve, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level decreased first and then increased conic curve (P0.05). Effects of yeast cell wall on detoxification of mildew diet and production performance, organ index, nutrient utilization rate, serum biochemistry and digestive physiology of piglets were studied. Forty healthy piglets with similar body weight (8.32 鹵0.49) kg were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 10 replicates each. Control group: basic diet, negative control group (50: M group): 0.10YCW (849.4 渭 g/kg) mildew diet and ZEA,884.2 渭 g/kg (ZEA,884.2 渭 g/kg) added 0.10% and 0.25% YCW. on the basis of negative control. The results showed that: natural mildew diet damaged organ development, significantly decreased liver index (P0.05), affected normal serum metabolism (P0.05), significantly decreased serum albumin level (30 days), reduced body immunity, significantly reduced antibody level of swine fever, When the serum immunoglobulin content was increased significantly, the Ig M content was excluded, the apparent utilization rate and the biological utilization value of crude protein were significantly decreased (P0.05), and the intestinal enzyme activity was decreased, while the apparent utilization rate and the biological utilization value of crude protein were significantly decreased (P0.05), and the apparent utilization rate and the biological utilization value of crude protein were significantly decreased (P0.05). The activities of amylase (AMS), trypsin (TRS) and lipase (LPS) in duodenum and jejunum were significantly decreased (P0.05). YCW was effective (P0.05) to alleviate the toxicity of ZEA polluted diet to piglets, and to increase the average daily gain, nutrient digestibility and digestive enzyme activity of piglets. Improving serum immunoglobulin content, increasing antibody level of swine fever and protecting liver and kidney development by 0.25% could enhance the detoxification effect, but the difference was not significant (P0.05). Mildew diet can reduce the performance of piglets, damage the development of organs, disturb the metabolism of serum, reduce the immunity of the body, reduce the utilization rate of nutrients and decrease the activity of digestive enzymes. Addition of yeast cell wall could effectively reduce the toxicity of moldy diet to piglets, but it could not be completely eliminated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S858.28

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本文編號(hào)：2241656