【摘要】：目的:在復(fù)合體分類的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步澄清我國(guó)大劣按蚊復(fù)合體的分類地位,并闡明其群體的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)。 方法:應(yīng)用種特異引物PCR鑒別經(jīng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)形態(tài)初步分類的大劣按蚊(廣義),進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)增rDNA-ITS2和28S-D3基因片段,測(cè)定和分析其序列特征;在復(fù)合體分類的基礎(chǔ)上,依據(jù)mtDNA-COI基因和多態(tài)的微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)分析群體的遺傳差異。 結(jié)果: 1.綜合分析PCR鑒別結(jié)果和核糖體DNA-ITS2和D3的序列特征,顯示我國(guó)云南現(xiàn)場(chǎng)原先認(rèn)定的大劣按蚊復(fù)合體種類有誤,應(yīng)該糾正為:“白麥按蚊”和An.sp,“白麥按蚊”和An.sp需進(jìn)一步研究并命名。 2.研究mtDNA-COI基因序列差異,顯示大劣按蚊和“白麥按蚊”分別有3個(gè)和6個(gè)單倍體類型,勐臘群體內(nèi)核酸分化程度高于江城和海南群體;群體內(nèi)存在大量低頻突變,群體處于擴(kuò)張階段;群體間基因交流受到一定的限制(Fst=0.7999),群體內(nèi)變異(20.01%)明顯小于群體間(79.99%)變異。 3.分析大劣按蚊(廣義)多態(tài)的微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn),顯示平均基因多樣性在勐臘群體最高(0.4469±0.2485),有14個(gè)位點(diǎn)偏離哈代一溫伯格平衡;群體內(nèi)個(gè)體間的微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性程度大于群體間甚至種間。 結(jié)論: 1.我國(guó)大劣按蚊復(fù)合體的成員種組成復(fù)雜,現(xiàn)知至少有4種。 2.大劣按蚊與“白麥按蚊”的種間差異極小,“白麥按蚊”的勐臘群體出現(xiàn)明顯分化。
[Abstract]:Aim: to clarify the taxonomic status of Anopheles dirus complex in China and to clarify the genetic structure of its population on the basis of complex classification. Methods: species-specific primers PCR were used to identify Anopheles dirus (broad sense) which had been classified by in-situ morphology. The rDNA-ITS2 and 28S-D3 gene fragments were further amplified and their sequence characteristics were determined and analyzed. Based on the complex classification, the genetic differences of the population were analyzed based on the mtDNA-COI gene and polymorphic microsatellite loci. Results: 1. A comprehensive analysis of the PCR identification results and the sequence characteristics of ribosomal DNA-ITS2 and D3 showed that there were errors in the species of the major anopheles complex previously identified in Yunnan Province of China, which should be corrected as "Anopheles albopictus" and "An.sp,". Anopheles albopictus and An.sp need to be further studied and named. 2. The results showed that there were 3 and 6 haploid types in Anopheles inferior and Anopheles albopictus respectively. The degree of nucleic acid differentiation in Mengla population was higher than that in Jiangcheng and Hainan populations. There were a lot of low frequency mutations in the population, and the gene exchange between populations was restricted to a certain extent (Fst=0.7999). The intra-population variation (20.01%) was significantly lower than the inter-population variation (79.99%). 3. The analysis of microsatellite loci of Anopheles dirus (generalized) polymorphism showed that the average gene diversity was the highest in Mengla population (0.4469 鹵0.2485), and 14 loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The polymorphism of microsatellite loci among individuals in population was greater than that among populations and even interspecies. Conclusions: 1. The composition of the complex of Anopheles dirus in China is complex, and there are at least 4 species known. 2. There was little difference between Anopheles vulgaris and Anopheles albopictus, and the Mengla population of Anopheles albopictus had obvious differentiation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：R384

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