【摘要】： 目前,對于胰島素的細(xì)胞內(nèi)合成過程,已經(jīng)有了比較清楚的認(rèn)識(shí),其中各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),已基本闡明。但是,對于胰島素由B細(xì)胞分泌入組織間隙后的正常轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)途徑,深入的研究報(bào)道較少。目前所公認(rèn)的途徑為進(jìn)入毛細(xì)血管,通過血液轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn),并且已經(jīng)有實(shí)驗(yàn)所證明。在生理狀況下,除了通過血管系統(tǒng)之外,胰島素是否還存在其他的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)途徑?目前還存在爭論。在上個(gè)世紀(jì),許多學(xué)者報(bào)道了在不同實(shí)驗(yàn)對象的胸導(dǎo)管淋巴液中存在胰島素,這就提示,胰島素由B細(xì)胞分泌入組織液后,胰腺的淋巴系統(tǒng),可能是生理狀態(tài)下胰島素的重要轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)途徑。如果這條途徑存在,則具有重要的生理及病理意義:胰島素通過淋巴系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn),可不進(jìn)入肝門靜脈系統(tǒng),避免了在肝臟的“首過效應(yīng)”,胰島素直接進(jìn)入體循環(huán),運(yùn)達(dá)全身各處靶器官發(fā)揮作用;某些病理改變引起的胰腺淋巴回流障礙,導(dǎo)致胰島素的淋巴途徑轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)受阻,可能會(huì)引起機(jī)體糖代謝的異常;對于其他種類多肽激素的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn),也有類比意義。本研究探討了胰腺淋巴管的分布,胰島素的細(xì)胞外轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)途徑,以期確定在生理狀況下,是否存在淋巴轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)途徑,也涉及了淋巴回流受阻的情況下,對動(dòng)物血糖水平的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下: 一、常用嚙齒類實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物胰腺淋巴管的分布和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)目的:由于研究手段和所選實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的差異,對于胰腺淋巴管的形態(tài)分布及其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)的認(rèn)識(shí),一直存在分歧。目前普遍認(rèn)為,胰腺小葉間結(jié)締組織內(nèi)存在集合淋巴管,并且與胰腺的血管及外分泌導(dǎo)管并行;胰島內(nèi)部僅存在毛細(xì)血管,無淋巴管分布。對于胰腺小葉內(nèi)部是否分布有淋巴管,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論不盡相同,有實(shí)驗(yàn)研究證實(shí),在胰腺小葉內(nèi)部,存在豐富的毛細(xì)淋巴管;也有學(xué)者觀察后認(rèn)為,小葉內(nèi)缺乏或不存在毛細(xì)淋巴管。對于這個(gè)情況,有學(xué)者提出胰腺淋巴管的分布可能具有種屬差異的觀點(diǎn),但實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)并不充分。本研究擬對常用的嚙齒類實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的胰腺淋巴管分布,進(jìn)行詳細(xì)研究,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,觀察胰腺淋巴管的超微結(jié)構(gòu)特征,以及淋巴管與胰島的關(guān)系。以期為
[Abstract]:At present, there has been a clear understanding of the intracellular synthesis of insulin, in which each link has been basically clarified. However, there are few reports on the normal translocation of insulin from B cells into the tissue space. The current recognized pathway is to enter the capillaries, transport through the blood, and has been demonstrated by experiments. Are there other pathways to insulin transport in physiological conditions other than through the vascular system? There are still arguments. In the last century, many researchers have reported the presence of insulin in the lymphatic fluid of thoracic ducts in different subjects, suggesting that the pancreatic lymphatic system after insulin is secreted by B cells into tissue fluid. It may be an important transport pathway of insulin in physiological state. If this pathway exists, it has important physiological and pathological significance: insulin is transported through the lymphoid system, which does not enter the hepatic portal system, avoids the "first-pass effect" in the liver, and insulin goes directly into the systemic circulation. To reach all the target organs throughout the body to play a role; Some pathological changes caused by pancreatic lymphatic return disturbance, leading to the lymphatic pathway of insulin is blocked, may lead to abnormal glucose metabolism, but also for other kinds of polypeptide hormone transport, also has analogical significance. In this study, the distribution of pancreatic lymphatic vessels and the extracellular transport pathway of insulin were studied in order to determine whether there were lymphatic transport pathways under physiological conditions and the effect of lymphatic return obstruction on blood glucose levels in animals. The contents and results of the experiment are as follows: 1. The distribution and structural characteristics of pancreatic lymphatic vessels in common rodent experimental animals. There has been disagreement about the morphological distribution and structural characteristics of pancreatic lymphatic vessels. It is generally believed that there are aggregate lymphatic vessels in connective tissue of the pancreas, which are parallel to the vessels and exocrine ducts of the pancreas, and there are only capillaries in the islets without lymphatic vessels. As to whether there are lymphatic vessels in the pancreatic lobules, the experimental results are different. Some experimental studies have confirmed that there are abundant lymphatic capillaries in the pancreatic lobules. Some scholars also observed that there were no or no capillary lymphatics in the lobules. In this case, some scholars suggest that the distribution of pancreatic lymphatic vessels may have different species, but the experimental basis is not sufficient. In this study, the distribution of pancreatic lymphatic vessels in common rodent experimental animals was studied in detail, and the ultrastructural characteristics of pancreatic lymphatic vessels and the relationship between lymphatic vessels and pancreatic islets were observed. With a view to
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：R322

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本文編號(hào)：2311995