【摘要】： 目的:本研究采用人類學(xué)測(cè)量的方法,定量分析黑龍江省成年女性顴骨形態(tài)及其與周圍骨骼的位置關(guān)系,建立相關(guān)的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)一步確定顴骨的解剖形態(tài)特點(diǎn),為臨床顴骨縮小整復(fù)術(shù)提供相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),同時(shí)也為人類學(xué)研究提供參考。 方法:1、顴骨復(fù)合體的非測(cè)量性狀的觀察:采用人類學(xué)方法分別觀察成年女性顱骨的顴骨體、顴面孔、顴結(jié)節(jié)、顴弓上緣、顴骨緣突(顴骨額突上角)、顴骨額突下角的具體解剖形態(tài)。2、顴骨復(fù)合體相關(guān)測(cè)量:定量分析顴骨、顴弓及其周圍骨骼的位置關(guān)系、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析、結(jié)果處理,建立相關(guān)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)。 結(jié)果:1、顴骨為面部較突出的部位,是影響容貌的主要特征之一,由菱形的骨體和四個(gè)骨突組成,有三個(gè)面和五個(gè)緣。2、顴面孔出現(xiàn)1-2個(gè)者居多。3、顴骨的外形高點(diǎn)多表現(xiàn)為顴結(jié)節(jié),出現(xiàn)率約為80%。顴突點(diǎn)位于顴骨的中下1/3交界處,該處顴骨的厚度,左側(cè)(6.68±1.64)mm,右側(cè)(6.77±1.43)mm,左右兩側(cè)無(wú)顯著性差異(P㧐0.05)。4、顴弓上緣形態(tài)多表現(xiàn)為直線型。5、顴骨額突上角和下角都以鈍角為多見(jiàn)。6、眶下孔距離同側(cè)眶下緣和面正中線的距離分別為,左側(cè):(8.33±1.48)mm、(25.01±1.32)mm;右側(cè):(7.77±1.56)mm、(25.20±1.07)mm。左右兩側(cè)均無(wú)顯著性差異(P㧐0.05)。7、顴骨額突至上頜竇外上角的距離和上頜竇前壁的厚度分別為,左側(cè):(42.57±5.8)mm、(0.50±0.03)mm;右側(cè):(43.02±6.4)mm、(0.49±0.05)mm,左右兩側(cè)均無(wú)顯著性差異(P㧐0.05)。8、顴弓和顴骨顳突長(zhǎng)度分別為,左側(cè):(28.67±5.09)mm、(17.99±3.23)mm;右側(cè):(30.37±11.14)mm、(20.37±5.54)mm,左右兩側(cè)均無(wú)顯著性差異(P㧐0.05)。 結(jié)論:為臨床顴骨縮小整復(fù)手術(shù)更加精確、更加安全,減少手術(shù)并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生提供重要理論參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to quantitatively analyze the morphology of zygomatic bone and its relationship with the surrounding bones in adult females in Heilongjiang Province by using anthropological measurements, and to establish relevant measurement data to determine the anatomical characteristics of the zygomatic bones. To provide relevant data for clinical zygomatic reduction and reconstruction, and also provide a reference for anthropological research. Methods observation of non-measured characters of zygomatic complex: the zygomatic body, zygomatic face, zygomatic nodule and superior edge of zygomatic arch of adult female skull were observed by anthropological method. Zygomatic marginal process (superior horn of zygomatic frontal process), specific anatomical morphology of inferior frontal process of zygomatic bone. Correlation measurement of zygomatic complex: quantitative analysis of the location of zygomatic bone, zygomatic arch and its surrounding bones, statistical analysis, processing of results, and establishment of relevant measurement data. Results the zygomatic bone was the prominent part of the face, which was one of the main features of facial appearance. It was composed of a rhombic bone body and four bony processes, with three faces and five edges. The zygomatic faces with 1-2 faces were more than .3.The high points of the zygomatic bones were mostly zygomatic nodules. The occurrence rate is about 80%. The zygomatic process is located at the middle and bottom third of the zygomatic bone, where the thickness of the zygomatic bone, The left side (6.68 鹵1.64) mm, the right side (6.77 鹵1.43) mm, the left side: (8.33 鹵1.48) mm, (25.01 鹵1.32) mm; the right side: (7.77 鹵1.56) mm, (25.20 鹵1.07) mm; the right side: (7.77 鹵1.56) mm, (25.20 鹵1.07) mm; the distance between the inferior orbital foramen and the middle line of the same side was (8.33 鹵1.48) mm, (25.01 鹵1.32) mm; the right side: (7.77 鹵1.56) mm, (25.20 鹵1.07) mm; the left side: (8.33 鹵1.48) mm, (25.01 鹵1.32) mm; the right side: (7.77 鹵1.56) mm, (25.20 鹵1.07) mm. There was no significant difference between the left and the right sides (P0. 05). The distance from the frontal process of zygomatic bone to the upper angle of the external maxillary sinus and the thickness of the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus were (42. 57 鹵5. 8) mm, (鹵0. 03) mm on the left side, (43. 02 鹵6. 4) mm, (鹵0. 49 鹵0. 05) mm on the right side and (43. 02 鹵6. 4) mm, () 0. 49 鹵0. 05 mm on the right side. The length of the zygomatic arch and the temporal process of zygomatic bone were respectively. Left side: (28.67 鹵5.09) mm, () 17.99 鹵3.23 mm, right: (30.37 鹵11.14) mm, (: 20.37 鹵5.54) mm, there was no significant difference between left and right sides (P0. 05). Conclusion: this study provides important theoretical parameters for the reduction of zygomatic bone and the reduction of complications.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：佳木斯大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：R782.2;R322

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