本文選題：愛(ài)德華·阿爾比 + 熱奈特�。� 參考：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：愛(ài)德華·阿爾比是美國(guó)劇壇的最有影響力的劇作家之一，三次普利策戲劇獎(jiǎng)和一次諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的獲得者。西方學(xué)者對(duì)他的研究始于20世紀(jì)60年代，他在美國(guó)戲劇史仍至世界戲劇史上的地位和評(píng)價(jià)都是很高，他的創(chuàng)作在主題和風(fēng)格上都受到歐洲荒誕戲劇的影響。阿爾比深刻揭露了社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)中的丑惡現(xiàn)象。在《沙箱》中，作者一方面表現(xiàn)了人在廣袤無(wú)垠的宇宙中的渺小以及生命的無(wú)意義，，一方面義憤填膺的抨擊了美國(guó)社會(huì)的弊病，反映了不能自食其力的老人被子女們當(dāng)作累贅拋棄的悲劇。在《美國(guó)夢(mèng)》、《誰(shuí)害怕弗吉尼亞伍爾夫？》等戲劇中，也存在這種社會(huì)批評(píng)的傾向。阿爾比的許多作品，雖然都是從社會(huì)現(xiàn)象出發(fā)，但是他喜歡超脫社會(huì)批評(píng)而表現(xiàn)一種人類(lèi)的“共同的痛苦”。他還喜歡在一個(gè)封閉狹小的范圍里將他在許多獨(dú)幕劇中所關(guān)心的問(wèn)題集中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)：家庭的解體，婚姻的脆弱，文化的貧化，人類(lèi)的困境等，這一點(diǎn)正是阿爾比不同于歐洲荒誕派劇作家的地方。本論文主要選取阿爾比早期四部代表作品——1958），《美國(guó)夢(mèng)》（1960），《弗吉尼亞伍爾夫？》（1960），并且運(yùn)用敘事視角理論來(lái)分析在不同的視角下 敘事視角作為敘事技巧的一個(gè)重要方面，在很多方面都起著重要的作用，也受到了很多學(xué)者的關(guān)注。熱奈特的視角理論主要分為三個(gè)部分：外聚焦敘述，內(nèi)聚焦敘述和零聚焦敘述。外聚焦即敘述者站在不知情的角度，從外部來(lái)進(jìn)行描述述者知道的亞伍爾夫？》和《沙箱》中挑選適合本課題理論研究的一些語(yǔ)料。再次，收集整理之后的分析研究；在敘述視角理論下，探討視角理論在阿爾比戲劇中的運(yùn)用。 本文嘗試運(yùn)用熱奈特的敘述視角理論，對(duì)阿爾比早期的四部作品所體現(xiàn)的敘劇開(kāi)創(chuàng)了美國(guó)荒誕派戲劇的先河，拉開(kāi)了美國(guó)荒誕派戲劇的序幕。它完全具備了明顯的荒誕派戲劇的特征：荒誕的情節(jié)，荒誕的人物和荒誕的語(yǔ)言，這些都體現(xiàn)了荒誕這一主題。其后的《沙箱》是為了紀(jì)念姥姥而作的最短的一部獨(dú)幕劇。它也被認(rèn)為是一部典型的荒誕派戲劇，同時(shí)帶有強(qiáng)烈的美國(guó)特色�！睹绹�(guó)夢(mèng)》中暴露了現(xiàn)代美國(guó)家庭中所存在的矛盾和危機(jī)，它成功地刻畫(huà)了美國(guó)中下層普通人的那種孤獨(dú)，異化和絕望的情緒。最后一部是《誰(shuí)害怕弗吉尼亞伍爾夫?》，是阿爾比最著名和最有影響力的劇作。 本論文通過(guò)運(yùn)用熱奈特提出的視角理論分析了阿爾比戲劇文本中所運(yùn)用的多樣的敘述視角，嘗試揭示四部作品采用不同視角所產(chǎn)生的效果。希望能使人們對(duì)阿爾比的戲劇有更深入的了解，也希望此研究能給未來(lái)的阿爾比戲劇研究提供線索和新的視角。
[Abstract]:Edward Arbi is one of the most influential playwrights in American dramas and the winner of three Pulitzer Prize for Drama and one Nobel Prize for Literature. The western scholars began to study him in the 1960s. His position and evaluation in the history of American drama and the history of world drama are very high. His creation is influenced by the theme and style of European absurd drama. Arbi deeply exposed the ugly phenomenon in the social reality. In Sandbox, the author, on the one hand, shows the insignificance of man in the vast universe and the senseless meaning of life, on the other hand, indignantly criticizes the ills of American society. It reflects the tragedy of the elderly who cannot support themselves being abandoned by their children as a burden. In the American Dream, who is afraid of Virginia Woolf? there is a tendency for social criticism. Many of Arbi's works are based on social phenomena, but he likes to transcend social criticism and express a common human suffering. He also likes to focus on his concerns in many one-act dramas in a narrow and closed space: the disintegration of the family, the fragility of marriage, the impoverishment of culture, the plight of human beings, etc. This is where Arbi differs from a European absurd playwright. This thesis mainly selects four early representative works of Arbi 1958- "American Dream" (1960), "Virginia Woolf?" (1960), and uses the theory of narrative perspective to analyze the narrative perspective as an important aspect of narrative techniques in different perspectives. It plays an important role in many aspects and has been concerned by many scholars. Genett's perspective theory is divided into three parts: external focus narrative, internal focus narrative and zero focus narrative. The external focus is that the narrator, from an uninformed point of view, chooses from the outside the language materials suitable for the theoretical study of this subject in the description of Avulf > and sandbox that the narrator knows. Thirdly, after collecting and arranging, the author discusses the application of perspective theory in Arbi drama under narrative perspective theory. This paper tries to use Genett's narrative perspective theory. The narrative drama embodied in Arbi's four early works opened the first stage of American absurd drama and the prelude of American absurd drama. It has the characteristics of obvious absurd drama: absurd plot, absurd characters and absurd language, all of which embody the theme of absurdity. Later Sandbox is the shortest one-act play in memory of Grandma. It is also considered a typical absurd drama with a strong American character. The American Dream exposes the contradictions and crises that exist in modern American families. It successfully portrays the loneliness of ordinary people in the lower and middle classes of the United States. Alienation and despair. The last one is who is afraid of Virginia Woolf?, which is Arbi's most famous and influential play. This paper analyzes the variety of narrative perspectives used in Arbi's plays by using the theory of perspective put forward by Genet. This paper attempts to reveal the effects of the four works from different perspectives. It is hoped that this study will give people a better understanding of Arbi's drama and provide clues and new perspectives for future Arbi drama research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：I712.073

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本文編號(hào)：2007117