本文選題：白樺派 + 武者小路實(shí)篤��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：白樺派是日本文壇上重要的文學(xué)流派之一。武者小路實(shí)篤是白樺派的代表作家。他受到托爾斯泰的影響，反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，同情弱者，在日本發(fā)動(dòng)侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，寫下許多譴責(zé)日本軍國主義的作品，其代表作是劇本《一個(gè)青年的夢(mèng)》、《妹妹》等。在《一個(gè)青年的夢(mèng)》中，他借助青年和他人的對(duì)話，表現(xiàn)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給人類帶來的痛苦，表達(dá)了對(duì)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的不滿�！睹妹谩肥俏湔咝÷穼�(shí)篤的第一篇反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的作品。他對(duì)在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中失去雙眼的主人公給予同情。 1918年他為了實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)沒有階級(jí)的和平社會(huì)，創(chuàng)建了新村，開始了他的新生活。對(duì)于武者小路實(shí)篤建立的“新村”，引起日本文學(xué)界很大的反響，然而，新村運(yùn)動(dòng)卻因脫離了現(xiàn)實(shí)而失敗。1926年，他迎來了文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的挫折，失業(yè)了十年。 他提倡人道主義思想但又不是徹底的人道主義者，在第二次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，當(dāng)其他作家采取消極的抵抗行為時(shí)，武者小路卻拋棄了最初的人道主義精神，從侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的反對(duì)者，轉(zhuǎn)而為美化戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)合理化而創(chuàng)作了《大東亞戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)私感》等描寫戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的作品。 本論文共分為五部分，第一部分主要是介紹白樺派的成立以及武者小路的初期的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作之路。白樺派是日本文壇上的一顆閃耀的明星。這一派的組成者大都出身貴族，接受良好的學(xué)院教育，他們崇尚自由，主張尊重自我，反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，同情弱者。他們高舉人道主義旗幟，尋求光明快樂的人生。這一派別的主要代表作家有，武者小路實(shí)篤，志賀直哉，有島五郎等。武者小路實(shí)篤的初期作品，大多受托爾斯泰的影響，站在尊重自我，同情弱者的立場(chǎng)上進(jìn)行文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的。 第二部分主要寫武者小路前期的文學(xué)特征，主要體現(xiàn)為人道主義精神和反戰(zhàn)思想在作品中的體現(xiàn)。他前期的代表作主要是《一個(gè)青年的夢(mèng)》和《妹妹》。這兩部作品中表現(xiàn)了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給人們帶來的痛苦以及流露了對(duì)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的不滿。 第三部分主要是寫戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)年代日本作家的創(chuàng)作背景和武者小路實(shí)篤的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。從日本自發(fā)動(dòng)侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)到1945年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束，稱之為“十五年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”。在這十五年間，日本不僅遭受到經(jīng)濟(jì)上的重創(chuàng)，，在文學(xué)創(chuàng)作上也經(jīng)歷了軍國主義者的迫害，一大批優(yōu)秀的作家被迫害而死，給日本文壇沉重打擊，這一時(shí)期有一些作家選擇沉默，堅(jiān)持自己的信念。而這一時(shí)期的武者小路實(shí)篤摒棄了最初的人道主義精神轉(zhuǎn)而支持戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 第四部分主要是對(duì)武者小路實(shí)篤的文學(xué)特征變化的原因進(jìn)行分析。武者小路前期提倡人道主義精神，然而后期卻背道而行有其深刻的社會(huì)原因。其次，新村運(yùn)動(dòng)的失敗和對(duì)于天皇的崇拜也是他轉(zhuǎn)向的原因。
[Abstract]:Bai Hua School is one of the most important literary schools in Japanese literary world. Takeshi is a representative writer of the Bai Hua school. Influenced by Tolstoy, he opposed the war and sympathized with the weak. During the Japanese war of aggression, he wrote many works denouncing Japanese militarism. His masterpiece is the play A Youth's Dream, Sister, and so on. In A Youth's Dream, he expresses the suffering and dissatisfaction with the war by means of the dialogue between the youth and others. He sympathized with the hero who had lost his eyes in the war. In 1918 he founded a new village and began his new life in order to achieve a peaceful society without class. However, the New Village Movement failed because it was divorced from reality. In 1926, he ushered in the frustration of literary creation and lost his job for ten years. He advocated humanitarianism, but not a complete humanitarianism. During the second War, when other writers took passive resistance, the path of the wushu abandoned the original humanitarianism from the opponents of the war of aggression. In order to beautify the war and the rationalization of the war, he created the Great East Asia War of Privacy and other works describing the war. This thesis is divided into five parts. The first part mainly introduces the establishment of Bai Hua School and the road of literary creation in the early stage. Bai Hua is a shining star in Japanese literature. Most of them were aristocrats and received a good college education. They advocated freedom, respect for themselves, opposition to war, sympathy for the weak. They hold high the banner of humanitarianism and seek a bright and happy life. This school of other major representatives of writers, Wu Kuituo, straight, and so on. Most of his early works, influenced by Tolstoy, were created on the basis of respect for himself and sympathy for the weak. The second part mainly describes the literary characteristics of the early stage of the martial arts path, mainly reflected in the humanitarianism and anti-war thought in the works. His early masterpieces are "A Youth's Dream" and "Sister". The two works show the suffering and dissatisfaction with the war. The third part is mainly about the background of Japanese writers during the war and the literary creation of the martial arts. From the war of aggression waged by Japan to the end of the war in 1945, it was called the "fifteen-year war". During these 15 years, Japan not only suffered a heavy economic blow, but also experienced the persecution of militarists in its literary creation. A large number of excellent writers died as a result of persecution, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese literary world. During this period, some writers chose to remain silent and stick to their beliefs. The martial arts path of this period abandoned the original humanitarianism and supported war. The fourth part mainly analyzes the reasons for the change of the literary characteristics of Wu Jie Lu. The early stage of martial arts advocated humanitarianism, but in the latter stage it went against the Tao and had its profound social reasons. Secondly, the failure of the New Village Movement and the worship of the emperor were also the reasons for his turn.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I313.073

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