本文選題：《黑暗昭昭》　切入點(diǎn)：集體無(wú)意識(shí)　出處：《哈爾濱師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：《黑暗昭昭》是英國(guó)當(dāng)代著名小說(shuō)家威廉·戈?duì)柖。诮?jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)逾10年的休眠期后，于1979年發(fā)表的一部重要的晚期小說(shuō)。小說(shuō)以現(xiàn)時(shí)代的人物形象和事件,結(jié)合某種形式的宗教神秘主義,象征性地表達(dá)了人性邪惡的思想，以及這種邪惡所具有的毀滅性力量。本文依據(jù)榮格的集體無(wú)意識(shí)理論的概念及其核心內(nèi)容來(lái)辯證地，全面地解析《黑暗昭昭》的人物，不但揭示人性中固有的邪惡，而且弘揚(yáng)人性中的善。 全文除引言、結(jié)論外共分為五章。 引言部分首先分別對(duì)作者戈?duì)柖〖捌渥髌愤M(jìn)行了介紹；其次又對(duì)《黑暗昭昭》進(jìn)行了介紹；最后對(duì)小說(shuō)的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀和文章的框架進(jìn)行了解讀。 第一章對(duì)榮格集體無(wú)意識(shí)理論進(jìn)行了介紹。首先，從弗洛伊德的精神分析學(xué)，社會(huì)背景，，科學(xué)和哲學(xué)背景，個(gè)人主觀因素和職業(yè)因素五個(gè)方面對(duì)榮格集體無(wú)意識(shí)理論的形成背景進(jìn)行說(shuō)明；其次是對(duì)榮格集體無(wú)意識(shí)理論的主要內(nèi)容的介紹。這為下文對(duì)小說(shuō)的詳細(xì)解讀做了鋪墊。 第二章主要運(yùn)用自性和陰影原型，對(duì)小說(shuō)男主人公麥迪進(jìn)行解讀。麥迪在童年時(shí)期造成亨德森的墜樓身亡，傾向于陰影原形。自性原形主要集中在麥迪踏上流浪旅途以后的階段。麥迪自我放逐以后，忍受著來(lái)自世俗世界的一連串打擊與磨難，在認(rèn)識(shí)自我的基礎(chǔ)上苦苦的追尋人生的本質(zhì)和意義。最后解救了被綁架的小男孩，將自己獻(xiàn)身于大火之中，完成了贖罪。并在死后化成金色的光，救贖了在欲念中苦苦掙扎的佩蒂格利，由贖罪而得新生，麥迪超我的人格也得以實(shí)現(xiàn)和升華。 第三章主要運(yùn)用陰影原型，對(duì)小說(shuō)女主人公蘇菲和托妮進(jìn)行細(xì)致的解讀。與早期小說(shuō)不同的是，《黑暗昭昭》不僅描述了人性黑暗的一面，更著重描述了姐妹倆從少年懵懂時(shí)期到青年時(shí)期心理成長(zhǎng)變化歷程，進(jìn)一步挖掘了這種黑暗的心理成因。這樣可以令讀者清晰的看出二者的心理發(fā)展歷程。在這部小說(shuō)中，戈?duì)柖〔辉傧袼缙谛≌f(shuō)中那樣把惡看成是先驗(yàn)的人性本質(zhì)，而是把人性與人格的形成看作一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過(guò)程。在這部小說(shuō)里，陰影原形統(tǒng)治著蘇菲和托妮的一生。 第四章主要運(yùn)用人格面具原型，對(duì)小說(shuō)其它普通人物進(jìn)行細(xì)致的解讀。小說(shuō)中其它次要角色代表著茍存于現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中俗不可耐的、毫無(wú)目的的普通人物。他們雖然沒(méi)有蘇菲似的極惡和麥蒂似的極善，但是也存在著不同程度的善惡。他們沒(méi)有任何精神上的追求，而且對(duì)自身的存在也只有一種麻木的、得過(guò)且過(guò)的態(tài)度。這是在人格面具原形主導(dǎo)下對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)適應(yīng)的需要。 第五章是榮格集體無(wú)意識(shí)理論框架下《黑暗昭昭》之人物解析的意義。 結(jié)尾對(duì)全文進(jìn)行了全面概述，通過(guò)本文詳細(xì)的論述，筆者希望讀者能摒棄傳統(tǒng)的善惡觀，重新審視戈?duì)柖?duì)于人性的理解，從一種全新的，辯證的角度來(lái)欣賞《黑暗昭昭》。
[Abstract]:< > darkness visible is a famous contemporary British novelist William Golding, after a long dormant period more than 10 years later, in 1979 published an important stage. The novel to contemporary characters and events, combined with some form of religious mysticism, the symbolic expression of humanity evil thoughts, and this kind of evil with the destructive power. The concept and the core content of this paper is on the basis of Carl Jung's theory of the collective unconscious to dialectically and comprehensively resolve "darkness visible > characters, not only reveals the inherent in human nature of evil, and carry forward the good of humanity.
In addition to the introduction, the conclusion is divided into five chapters.
The first part of the author Goldin and his works were introduced; secondly on the < > darkness visible are introduced; at the end of the novel framework of domestic and foreign research present situation and this article for the interpretation.
The first chapter of Carl Jung's theory of the collective unconscious are introduced in this paper. First of all, from Freud's psychoanalysis, the social background, the background of science and philosophy, the formation background of the five aspects of subjective factors and occupation factors of Carl Jung's theory of the collective unconscious is described; secondly is the main content of Carl Jung's collective unconscious theory is introduced. This paves the way for the following detailed interpretation of the novel.
The second chapter mainly uses the self and shadow prototype, the interpretation of the hero Maddie. Maddie caused Henderson falls dead in childhood, tend to shadow prototype. Mainly concentrated in the Maddie set foot on the journey after wandering stage from the prototype. Maddie self exile after suffering a series of strikes and suffering from the secular world on the basis of self understanding, searching the essence and significance of life. Finally rescued the kidnapped boy who devoted themselves to the fire, to complete the redemption. And after death into the golden light, redeemed in lust struggling by sin and Petit Glee, Maddie newborn, superego personality can be achieved and the sublimation.
The third chapter mainly uses the shadow archetype, a detailed interpretation of the protagonist Sophie and Toni. Unlike the earlier novel, < > darkness visible not only describes the dark side of human nature, more focuses on the description of the sisters ignorant period from youth to youth psychological growth change process, to further tap the the dark psychological causes. This can make readers clear that the psychological development of the two. In this novel, Goldin is no longer in his early novels as the evil human nature as a priori, but the humanity and personality of the formation as a complex process. In this novel, shadow prototype rule Sophie and Toni's life.
The fourth chapter mainly uses the persona prototype, a detailed interpretation of the novel in the novel. Other common characters of other secondary characters represents Gou stored in too vulgar to be endured in the real world, ordinary people without purpose. Although they did not like Su Feisi and Tracy McGrady. Very good, but there are different levels of good and evil. They have no any spiritual pursuit, but also of their existence is only a kind of numbness, muddle along attitude. This is the need to adapt to the social reality in the persona prototype under the guidance.
The fifth chapter is Carl Jung collective character > the consciousness of darkness visible under the theoretical framework of "analytical significance.
At the end of a comprehensive overview of the full text, this paper in detail, I hope that readers will abandon the traditional concept of good and evil, to re-examine Goldin's understanding of humanity, from a new, dialectical perspective to enjoy darkness visible.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：I561.074

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