本文選題：伊麗莎白·蓋斯凱爾　切入點：《南方與北方》　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：《南方與北方》是英國社會問題小說家伊麗莎白·蓋斯凱爾(Elizabeth CleghornGaskell,1810 1865)于1855年發(fā)表的一篇小說，也是其創(chuàng)作生涯中最后一部有關(guān)社會問題和工業(yè)題材的作品。小說講述了南方女孩瑪格麗特在北方工業(yè)城市米爾頓的成長經(jīng)歷，進而展現(xiàn)出維多利亞中期女性在工業(yè)革命的影響下開始逐步走出家庭，參與社會公共活動，獨立自主的社會現(xiàn)實。近年對《南方與北方》的研究主要集中在它與《瑪麗·巴頓》在情感結(jié)構(gòu)，主題分析，作品比較分析中，也有對其從生態(tài)意識進行分析。到目前為止，沒有評論者女性空間角度對瑪格麗特進行分析研究。 空間理論，是二十世紀(jì)后半葉的一種全新的文學(xué)理論，為文學(xué)研究提供了新的理論視角。列斐伏爾在《空間的生產(chǎn)》一書中提到，空間是一個可衍生出社會關(guān)系和社會秩序的場所，可分為物質(zhì)空間，精神空間和社會空間。社會空間是一種特殊性的社會產(chǎn)品，是一種社會關(guān)系的容器，是社會關(guān)系和社會力量糾結(jié)的場所。社會空間包含社會關(guān)系，并賦予這些社會關(guān)系以合適的場所。因此，作為社會關(guān)系的一部分的男女關(guān)系，將社會空間分為了男性空間，過渡空間以及女性空間�！赌戏脚c北方》中的瑪格麗特作為社會關(guān)系的元素之一，以新女性的身份重新整合了社會空間，實現(xiàn)女性的空間跨越。這種空間的跨越集中體現(xiàn)了維多利亞中后期新女性在工業(yè)革命影響下是如何“走出去”，實現(xiàn)女性私人空間的延伸的現(xiàn)實。 本論文試從女性社會空間角度，以瑪格麗特為例，分析維多利亞中后期女性在女性私人空間，過渡空間和男性公共空間的社會空間活動以及在不同空間的女性形象，來探討工業(yè)革命后期女性是如何擺脫傳統(tǒng)的“男主外，女主內(nèi)”的思想意識，實現(xiàn)從女性私人空間到男性公共空間跨越，轉(zhuǎn)換女性社會形象，從而獲得更大的社會空間。這種社會空間的跨越折射出工業(yè)革命影響下女性的成長，同時也反映了女性開始逐步在男性公共空間實現(xiàn)自我，實現(xiàn)獨立自主。首先，從瑪格麗特在私人空間，即家庭，中的社會活動可以看到她是如何充分發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)女性特有的家務(wù)能力，照顧著整個黑爾家庭，并代替了作為一家之主的父親來替這個家庭做出所有決定。在傳統(tǒng)男性占主導(dǎo)地位的私人空間，瑪格麗特是一家之主。其次，從瑪格麗特在在過渡空間的社會活動可以看出她是如何在私人空間和公共空間之間的過渡空間，通過參加聚會和慈善的方式，尋找通向公共空間的路徑。最后，瑪格麗特通過對私人空間和過渡空間的延伸，以男性的保護者和階級矛盾的調(diào)和者身份開始在公共空間的活動，實現(xiàn)了女性真正打破了傳統(tǒng)劃分的社會空間，走向了男性公共空間。因此，從總體上來說，，本論文認(rèn)為《南方與北方》中的瑪格麗特的生活經(jīng)歷彰顯了維多利亞中后期的女性開始獨立的社會現(xiàn)實，表達了蓋斯凱爾夫人對女性權(quán)利的訴求。
[Abstract]:"South and North" is a novel published in 1855 by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskellern (1865), a British novelist on social issues and industry.The novel tells the story of the southern girl Margaret growing up in Milton, an industrial city in the north, and shows that women in the middle of Victoria began to step out of their families and participate in public activities under the influence of the industrial revolution.Independent social realityIn recent years, the study of "South and North" is mainly focused on its emotional structure, thematic analysis, and comparative analysis of works, and also on its ecological consciousness.So far, no commentator has analyzed Marguerite from the perspective of female space.Space theory, a new literary theory in the second half of the 20th century, provides a new theoretical perspective for literary research.In production of Space, Lefeivoll mentioned that space is a place where social relations and social order can be derived, which can be divided into material space, spiritual space and social space.Social space is a special social product, a container of social relations, and a place where social relations and social forces are intertwined.Social space includes social relations and endows them with suitable places.Therefore, the relationship between men and women, as part of social relations, divides social space into male space, transitional space and female space. Marguerite in "South and North" is one of the elements of social relations.As a new woman, it reintegrates the social space and realizes the span of the female space.The leapfrogging of this kind of space embodies the reality of how the new women "go out" under the influence of the industrial revolution in the middle and later period of Victorian society, and realize the extension of the women's private space.From the perspective of female social space, this paper takes Margaret as an example to analyze the social space activities of women in the female private space, transitional space and male public space in the middle and late period of Victoria, as well as the images of women in different spaces.This paper discusses how women in the later period of the Industrial Revolution get rid of the traditional ideology of "male owner, female master", realize the leapfrogging from female private space to male public space, transform female social image, and obtain a greater social space.The leapfrogging of this social space reflects the growth of women under the influence of the Industrial Revolution, and also reflects the fact that women have gradually realized themselves and independence in the male public space.First of all, from Margaret's social activities in the private space, the family, we can see how she can take full advantage of the traditional feminine housework and take care of the whole Hale family.And replaced the father as the head of the family to make all the decisions for the family.Marguerite is the head of the family in the traditionally male-dominated private space.Secondly, from Margaret's social activities in transition space, she can see how she can find the path to public space by attending parties and charity, in the transition space between private space and public space.Finally, Marguerite began her activities in public space through the extension of private space and transitional space, as a protector of men and a mediator of class contradictions, and realized that women had truly broken the traditional division of social space.Towards the male public space.Therefore, on the whole, this paper argues that Margaret's life experience in the South and North shows the independent social reality of women in the middle and late Victorian period, and expresses Mrs. Gaskell's demand for women's rights.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I561.074

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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