本文選題：《自由國(guó)度》　切入點(diǎn)：文化身份　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：維迪亞達(dá)·蘇萊普拉沙得·奈保爾是2001年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。他是英國(guó)后殖民文學(xué)中著名的移民作家。他的故鄉(xiāng)是印度，，但他在特立尼達(dá)島出生并成長(zhǎng)，后來(lái)在英國(guó)接受了高等教育，從那以后定居并且生活在倫敦。他復(fù)雜的文化背景導(dǎo)致了他對(duì)文化身份的困惑和不確定性。他被叫做“無(wú)根作家”,因此他的寫作與他的文化身份緊密相連。 《自由國(guó)度》是他的短篇小說(shuō)集，1971年在英國(guó)獲得了布克獎(jiǎng)。這本書包括兩個(gè)日記摘要和三個(gè)短篇小說(shuō)。這三篇小說(shuō)中的主人公們?cè)诘乩砗臀幕隙冀?jīng)歷了移位，他們?cè)诋悋?guó)遇到了文化身份的危機(jī)，失去了歸屬感。本文將結(jié)合后殖民理論分析《自由國(guó)度》中三種人物的文化身份問(wèn)題。 引言部分對(duì)作家奈保爾，《自由國(guó)度》以及文化身份的相關(guān)理論做了簡(jiǎn)單的介紹，并且概述了國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)這部作品的研究現(xiàn)狀。 第一章分析了一個(gè)印度文化堅(jiān)守者在美國(guó)的文化身份。桑托什是一個(gè)印度仆人，跟隨著他的雇主來(lái)到華盛頓。他在三方面堅(jiān)守著印度文化，第一，他總是用印度的思維方式去處事；第二，從著裝和起居方面還保持著印度的生活方式；第三，他嚴(yán)格遵守著印度宗教的制度，他不能原諒自己娶了一個(gè)哈布舍族的婦女，為了贖罪他關(guān)閉了心靈，不去接觸任何與美國(guó)文化有關(guān)的事物，而將自己囚禁在印度文化中。 第二章討論了在英國(guó)兩種邊緣人的文化身份。敘述者和弟弟戴約試圖從西印度群島逃到倫敦去實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。第一節(jié)分析的是敘述者，他是事業(yè)上的失敗者。他想通過(guò)自己在工廠的辛勤勞動(dòng)掙很多的錢成為有錢人，但由于身體過(guò)度勞累他再也不能做苦力勞動(dòng)。然后他經(jīng)營(yíng)了自己的商店，但他并不善于做生意，并且屢屢遭到當(dāng)?shù)貝汗鱾兊膿v亂。后來(lái)商店的倒閉和弟弟的輟學(xué)使他的精神徹底崩潰，他成為了一個(gè)徹底的失敗者。第二節(jié)論述的是戴約，他想通過(guò)在大學(xué)里接受高等教育成為一個(gè)專業(yè)人才。但是殖民文化的束縛和貧困的生活阻礙了他接受教育，最后他放棄了學(xué)業(yè)。他試圖模仿西方人的行為來(lái)融入主流文化，但仍然徘徊在社會(huì)的邊緣位置，經(jīng)歷了和敘述者相同的遭遇。 第三章闡述了英國(guó)人在非洲的他者形象。一方面，鮑比和琳達(dá)以霸道的殖民者身份出現(xiàn)在非洲人面前。鮑比是一個(gè)同性戀的惡徒，他仗著白人的權(quán)勢(shì)玩弄非洲男孩來(lái)滿足他的性欲。琳達(dá)是一個(gè)種族隔離者，她盡力避免與非洲人的接觸，并對(duì)非洲人充滿了極度的冷漠和偏見(jiàn)。另一方面,鮑比和琳達(dá)在動(dòng)亂的非洲也充滿了危機(jī)感，因?yàn)樵诤诜侵奕巳褐兴麄兪峭鈦?lái)者或弱者。這一節(jié)重點(diǎn)分析了鮑比這個(gè)人物。他想作為一個(gè)服務(wù)者，通過(guò)與非洲人的認(rèn)同來(lái)保護(hù)自己，所以他采取友好的態(tài)度去幫助非洲人。但他不僅受到了非洲人的排斥和侮辱，最后還成了非洲人暴力下的犧牲品。 最后一部分對(duì)于文章前面的論述做了總結(jié)。故事中的主人公從故土來(lái)到異國(guó)，他們的身份都發(fā)生了改變。即，印度人在美國(guó)獲得了美國(guó)身份，但仍堅(jiān)守著印度文化；西印度群島人在英國(guó)變成了邊緣人；英國(guó)人在非洲變成了他者。他們都沒(méi)有在各自的“自由國(guó)度”找到自由，并且陷入了文化身份的困境。這便傳達(dá)出異族文化在各個(gè)歷史階段的沖突和不可相容性。通過(guò)對(duì)這本書中三種人物文化身份的分析,期望對(duì)了解奈保爾的文化身份觀念有所幫助，并且期待能引起評(píng)論界和讀者對(duì)《自由國(guó)度》的更多關(guān)注。
[Abstract]:Verdi and Suleprasad Naipaul, who won the Nobel prize in 2001. He is a famous British immigrant writer after the colonial literature. His hometown is India, but he was born and grew up in the island of Trinidad, and later in Britain has received higher education, then settled and lived in London. He led to his complex cultural background on cultural identity confusion and uncertainty. He was called a "rootless writer", so his writing and his cultural identity are closely linked.
< > is a free country, his collection of short stories, won the 1971 Booker Prize in the UK. This book includes two diary abstracts and three short stories. The three novels the protagonists in geography and culture has experienced the shift, they encountered the crisis of cultural identity in a foreign country, lost ownership this paper will combine the sense of post colonial theory to analyze the cultural identity of three characters in < > in the free state.
The introduction gives a brief introduction to the related theories of Naipaul, the free country and cultural identity, and outlines the research status of the works both at home and abroad.
The first chapter analyzes a India culture to the American cultural identity. Santosh is a servant of India, along with his employer came to Washington. He clung to the culture of India, in three ways: first, he always used India's way of thinking to work; second, from the aspects of dress and still keep the living life in India way; third, he strictly abide by the India religious system, he can't forgive myself for marrying a hubshi women, in order to sin he shut down the heart, not to contact any related to American culture that will be their own prison ban in India culture.
The second chapter discusses the two kinds of people in the UK the edge of the cultural identity of the narrator and his brother Deyoe tried to run away to London from the West Indies to realize the dream. The first section is the analysis of the narrator, he is the cause of the failure. He wanted to through their own hard work in the factory to earn a lot of money for the rich, but because of the body he overworked cannot do toil. Then he opened his own labor shop, but he is not good at doing business, and often by local thugs. Store closures and trouble later brother drop out to his spirit of complete collapse, he became a loser. The second section discusses the Deyoe. He wanted to accept higher education in the university to become a professional talent. But the shackles of colonialism and poverty hinders his education, he finally gave up his studies. He tried to imitate the West The behavior is integrated into the mainstream culture, but it still lingers on the edge of the society, experiencing the same experience as the narrator.
The third chapter of the British people in Africa. The image of the other hand, Bobby and Linda to bully the colonists identity appeared in front of Africans. Bobby is a gay villain, he relied on the white power with African boy to satisfy his desire. Linda is an apartheid, she tried to avoid with Africans the contact of Africans was full of indifference and prejudice. On the other hand, Bobby and Linda in the turmoil of Africa is full of a sense of crisis, because the black African populations they are outsiders or weak. This section focuses on the analysis of the character of Bobby. He thought as a service, to protect through their own and African identity, so he took a friendly attitude to help Africans. But he not only by rejection and insult Africans, and finally became a victim of the violence of Africans.
The last part discusses the front of this paper was summarized. The hero of the story came from his exotic, their identities are changed. That is, the Indians won the American identity in the United States, but still adhere to the culture of India; the West Indies became marginalized in the UK; the British became the other in Africa they are not in their "free country" to find freedom, and in the cultural identity dilemma. It conveys the alien culture conflict in each historical stage and can not be compatible. The three characters of cultural identity of this book, expected to understand Naipaul's concept of cultural identity has help, and look forward to more attention from critics and readers of "free country >.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：I561.074

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

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