【摘要】：“X也是X”是現(xiàn)代漢語中常用的一個口語構式,常常用來表示否定性的評價義,為說話人的心理傾向提供理由或借口。本文立足漢語語言事實,運用構式語法理論和三個平面語法理論,結合認知語言學的相關理論對“X也是X”構式進行了全面系統(tǒng)的研究�！癤也是X”的變項“X”主要有兩種形式“V著”和“V 了”,據(jù)此可以分為A類“V著也是V著”和B類“V 了也是V 了”兩個小類。該構式變項的選擇限制比較多,所以能產(chǎn)性不是很高,但是部分構式的使用頻率很高,因此不能否定該構式的重要性。句法上,“X也是X”構式不僅可以充當句法成分、復句分句,還可以單獨成句和連用。語義上,根據(jù)“較大結構”分析法,發(fā)現(xiàn)“X也是X”表示的是否定評價義,A類的構式義為“否定人或物所處狀態(tài)的價值或意義”,B類的構式義為“否定某種結果的價值和意義”。B類的“V 了”和A類的“V著”存在著結果和事件的轉喻關系,B類可以看作A類的特殊變式�！癤也是X”與構件之間存在著互動關系,一方面該構式對構件具有選擇壓制作用,另一方面構件對構式也有重要的影響。另外,“ X也是X”常常有一個后續(xù)句,與后續(xù)句之間存在著兩種語義聯(lián)系:因果、選擇。語用特點上,“X也是X”表達的是一種隨意性的話語語氣,主要應用于對話語境和擬對話語境。為了遵守禮貌原則,而故意違反會話合作原則,以委婉含蓄地方式傳達會話含義。來源上,根據(jù)形式、語義聯(lián)系和還原性,發(fā)現(xiàn)“X也是X”來源于表假設關系的“X也是Y”。其生成機制為類推糅合機制,形成動因主要為經(jīng)濟性原則、趨新求異心理以及寬松的社會文化環(huán)境和已有的語言資源。最后,文章將“X也是X”與相關形式進行了比較。從句法、語義、語用三個方面揭示了 “X也是X”與“X是X”的異同。同時,也分析了 “X也是X”與“X也是Y”的區(qū)別,且總結了兩者不可替換的條件。
[Abstract]:"X is X" is a common spoken sentence in modern Chinese, which is often used to express the negative meaning of evaluation and to provide reasons or excuses for the psychological tendency of the speaker. Based on the facts of Chinese language, this paper applies the theory of construction grammar and three plane grammar theories. Combined with the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the construction of "X is X". The variant "X" of "X is X" has two main forms "V Zhe" and "V Zhe". According to this, it can be divided into two subcategories: category A, "V also V" and Class B, "V and V". There are many restrictions on the selection of the construction variable, so the productivity is not very high, but the use frequency of the partial construction is very high, so the importance of the construction can not be denied. Syntactically, "X is X" can not only serve as syntactic component, complex clause, but also can be used separately. Semantically, according to the "larger structure" analysis, It is found that "X is X" means that the constructive meaning of negative evaluation of meaning A is "negating the value or meaning of the state in which people or things are located". The construction meaning of category B is "V" and "V" of category B "negating the value and meaning of a certain result". There is a metonymy relationship between the result and the event in "V zhe" of Class A. Class B can be regarded as a special variant of Class A. "X is also X" and there is an interactive relationship between "X" and components. On the one hand, the structure has a selective suppression effect on the component, on the other hand, the component also has an important influence on the construction. In addition, "X is X" often has a successor sentence, and there are two semantic relations between them: causality, choice. In pragmatic features, "X is X" expresses a kind of arbitrary discourse mood, which is mainly used in the context of dialogue and the context of quasi-dialogue. In order to observe the politeness principle and deliberately violate the conversational cooperation principle, it conveys conversational implicature tacitly and implicitly. From the source, according to the form, semantic connection and reducibility, it is found that "X is X" from the "X is Y" of the hypothetical relation of the table. The formation mechanism is the analogy blending mechanism, which is mainly driven by the economic principle, the psychology of seeking for differences, the relaxed social and cultural environment and the existing language resources. Finally, the article compares "X is X" with related forms. The similarities and differences between "X is X" and "X is X" are revealed from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects. At the same time, the difference between "X is X" and "X is Y" is analyzed, and the irreplaceable conditions are summarized.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H146.3

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