【摘要】：本文基于自建整合構式語法,立足權威語料庫,采取定性與定量相結(jié)合的方法,從認知角度出發(fā),多維度、綜合性對比分析漢英“NA表量構式”,以期發(fā)現(xiàn)漢英“NA表量構式”在本質(zhì)、類型及生成動因上的異同。主要發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)漢英“NA表量構式”的本質(zhì)主要體現(xiàn)在量本質(zhì)、量語言實現(xiàn)和量類轉(zhuǎn)變上。量本質(zhì)有語義量、句法量和語用量,量語言實現(xiàn)主要通過詞匯和語法手段。量類轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)生在“N”為名詞,且與非空間維度形容詞構成“NA表量構式”時�！癗”為強空間量名詞時,名詞從空間量轉(zhuǎn)化為性狀量;“N”為弱空間量名詞,量類轉(zhuǎn)變存在不確定性,與個體認知有關。漢語“NA表量構式”中約24%是弱空間量名詞時,即漢語“NA表量構式”的量類轉(zhuǎn)變,約有24%的不確定性;英語中約40%是弱空間量名詞,即英語中約有40%的不確定性。(2)根據(jù)內(nèi)部結(jié)構的松緊度可將漢英“NA表量構式”分為短語式和類詞式。短語式“NA表量構式”內(nèi)部允許插入其他成分,可按表量特征細分為確量短語“NA表量構式”、估量-確量短語“NA表量構式”和估量短語“NA表量構式”。漢語確量短語“NA表量構式”有4個結(jié)構類型,英語有5個;漢語估量-確量短語“NA表量構式”有11個結(jié)構類型,英語有3個;漢語估量短語“NA表量構式”有24個結(jié)構類型,英語有5個。類詞式“NA表量構式”內(nèi)部不允許插入其他成分,可按形容詞維度進行細分。漢英共有5種類詞式“NA表量構式”;漢語獨有2種,英語獨有1種。(3)基于自建整合構式語法和量類轉(zhuǎn)變,發(fā)現(xiàn)漢英類詞式“NA表量構式”的生成遵循以下規(guī)律:類詞式“NA表量構式”中,名詞與形容詞的量性特征一致時,認知識解上不存在量類轉(zhuǎn)變,該類構式由概念隱喻生成;類詞式“NA表量構式”中,名詞與形容詞的量性特征不一致時,認知識解上存在量類轉(zhuǎn)變,該類構式由概念整合生成。名詞與空間維度形容詞組合,量性特征一致,故漢英類詞式“NA空間表量構式”由概念隱喻生成。名詞與非空間維度形容詞組合:名詞帶強空間量特征,需從空間量轉(zhuǎn)換為性狀量與形容詞匹配,由概念整合生成。名詞帶弱空間量特征,量類轉(zhuǎn)變受個體認知影響:認為名詞的空間量無法壓制性狀量,與非空間維度形容詞的量性特征一致,由概念隱喻生成。認為名詞的空間量能夠壓制性狀量,與非空間維度形容詞的量性特征不一致,由概念整合生成。因此,漢英類詞式“NA_(非空間)表量構式”可由概念隱喻或概念整合生成。
[Abstract]:Based on the self-built integrated grammar and the authoritative corpus, this paper adopts the method of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, from the cognitive point of view, multi-dimensional, comprehensive comparative analysis of Chinese and English "na table quantitative construction". In order to find out the similarities and differences in essence, type and cause of formation of na expression in Chinese and English. The main findings are as follows: (1) the essence of "na representation construction" in Chinese and English is mainly embodied in the nature of quantity, the realization of quantitative language and the transformation of quantitative category. The essence of quantity is semantic quantity, syntactic quantity and language quantity. The realization of quantitative language is mainly through lexical and grammatical means. The transformation of quantitative category occurs when "N" is a noun, and "N" is a "na expression" with a non-spatial dimension adjective. When "N" is a strong spatial quantity noun, the noun changes from spatial quantity to character quantity, "N" is a weak spatial quantity noun, "N" is a weak spatial quantity noun. There is uncertainty about quantitative change, which is related to individual cognition. When about 24% of the Chinese "na table quantifiers" are weak spatial variables, there is about 24% uncertainty in the transformation of the quantitative category of the Chinese "na table quantitive constructions", and about 40% of the English nouns are weak spatial quantities. That is, there is about 40% uncertainty in English. (2) according to the tightness of the internal structure, the Chinese and English "na table construction" can be divided into phrase type and word-like form. The phrase "na table construction" allows for the insertion of other components, which can be subdivided into "na table construction", "na table quantity construction" and "na table quantity construction" according to the characteristics of the table quantity. There are four structural types of "na expression" in Chinese, 5 in English, 11 in Chinese "na" and 3 in English. There are 24 construction types in Chinese and 5 in English. Other elements are not allowed to be inserted inside the "na table construction", which can be subdivided by adjective dimension. In Chinese and English, there are 5 types of word "na table quantitive constructions", 2 in Chinese and 1 in English. (3) based on self-built integrated construction grammar and quantitative class transformation, It is found that the formation of "na table metric construction" follows the following rules: in the "na table quantitive construction", when the quantitative characteristics of nouns and adjectives are the same, there is no change in the knowledge solution, and this kind of construction is generated by conceptual metaphor; When the quantitive characteristics of nouns and adjectives are not consistent in the "na table quantitive constructions", there is a change of quantitative classes in the knowledge solution, which is generated by conceptual integration. The combination of nouns and spatial adjectives has the same quantitative characteristics, so the Chinese and English words "na spatial representation" are generated by conceptual metaphors. The combination of noun and non-spatial dimension adjectives: nouns with strong spatial quantitative features need to be transformed from spatial quantities to matching of traits and adjectives, which are generated by conceptual integration. Noun has the characteristic of weak spatial quantity and the change of quantitative category is influenced by individual cognition: it is considered that the spatial quantity of noun can not suppress the quantity of character, which is consistent with the quantitative characteristic of adjective of non-spatial dimension, and is generated by conceptual metaphor. It is considered that the spatial quantity of nouns can suppress the quantity of characters, which is inconsistent with the quantitative characteristics of non-spatial adjectives and is generated by conceptual integration. Therefore, the Chinese and English word "Na _ (non-space) expression" can be generated by conceptual metaphor or conceptual integration.
【學位授予單位】：寧波大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H146.3;H314.3

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 陸儉明;;構式語法理論有待深究的三個問題[J];東北師大學報(哲學社會科學版);2016年04期

2 姜祝青;陳曉明;羅思明;;英漢“名形式”制約性對比研究[J];西安外國語大學學報;2015年02期

3 趙國軍;;量的概念與漢語量范疇系統(tǒng)[J];華東師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2015年03期

4 羅思明;查如榮;;“測估AA”構式的結(jié)構類型與句法功能:歷時與認知視野[J];寧波大學學報(人文科學版);2014年04期

5 羅思明;查如榮;董銀燕;;“表量構式”的“量準則”理據(jù)[J];外語與外語教學;2014年03期

6 羅思明;查如榮;江晶晶;;英漢“NA表量構式”中形容詞制約的語料庫與類型學研究[J];外語研究;2014年03期

7 邢福義;;說“數(shù)量名結(jié)構+形容詞”[J];漢語學報;2012年02期

8 楊永龍;;從“形+數(shù)量”到“數(shù)量+形”——漢語空間量構式的歷時變化[J];中國語文;2011年06期

9 陸儉明;;構式與意象圖式[J];北京大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2009年03期

10 邢福義;;測估詞語+反義AA[J];世界漢語教學;2009年01期

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 黃健秦;漢語空間量表達研究[D];上海師范大學;2013年

2 李善熙;漢語“主觀量”的表達研究[D];中國社會科學院研究生院;2003年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 李文華;形容詞不同量級的同現(xiàn)[D];山西大學;2007年

，

本文編號：2133769