發(fā)布時間：2018-07-17 00:41

【摘要】：認知隱喻理論認為隱喻是人類共有的一種重要的認知機制,是思維的一種形式�！吨芤住吩�:“近取諸身,遠取諸物”,原始人類在最初認識世界時,常采用人體化隱喻的方式來認識世界,這種思維特征表現(xiàn)在漢法兩種語言中,就形成了人體隱喻范疇。人體構造先天是相同的,因而不同民族的人理應有相同的人體隱喻認知模式,漢法兩種語言內(nèi)臟器官詞語的隱喻認知應當具有普遍性。但實際上,對事物之間相似性的理解與人們的認知結構有關,由于后天的文化、心理等諸多因素的影響,各民族的知識結構不一樣,會導致隱喻認知的原始域和投射的目標域不同及聯(lián)想方式的不同,因此,漢法兩個民族在人體詞的隱喻認知方面就會存在著差異性。正確理解這些人體詞語的異同及產(chǎn)生原因有助于理解法漢兩種語言在認知隱喻上的差異,幫助人們在跨文化交際中正常的選擇詞語,減少不必要的語言文化障礙。然而,在現(xiàn)有的研究中,對于法漢兩種語言人體詞匯隱喻認知系統(tǒng)的對比研究還是個空白。本文依托萊考夫的概念隱喻理論,以語言世界觀的基本理論作為指導,采用應用對比語言學的一般研究方法,選取法、漢兩種語言中的主要人體內(nèi)臟器官詞,從認知隱喻角度對其一詞多義現(xiàn)象進行研究,主要采取歸納的方法,對比“心”、“肝”、“脾”、“肺”、“腎”等九個法漢人體內(nèi)臟器官的一詞多義現(xiàn)象。通過對比分析的方法,尋求其在隱喻認知機制方面(取象點數(shù)量特征及轉義詞義范疇分布)的異同,并力求找到造成異同的原因,希望能對法語與漢語的詞匯教學、跨文化交際及翻譯工作起到實踐指導作用。
[Abstract]:Cognitive metaphor theory holds that metaphor is an important cognitive mechanism common to human beings and a form of thinking. Human metaphors are often used to understand the world. This thinking characteristic is manifested in Chinese and French and forms the category of human metaphors. The human body is naturally the same, so people of different nationalities should have the same cognitive mode of human body metaphor, and the metaphorical cognition of visceral organs in Chinese and French languages should be universal. But in fact, the understanding of similarity between things is related to people's cognitive structure. Due to the influence of culture, psychology and many other factors, the knowledge structure of different nationalities is different. It will lead to the difference of the original domain of metaphorical cognition, the target domain of projection and the way of association. Therefore, there will be differences in the metaphorical cognition of human body words between Chinese and French. A correct understanding of the similarities and differences of these human words and their causes is helpful to understand the differences in cognitive metaphors between French and Chinese languages, to help people choose words normally in cross-cultural communication, and to reduce unnecessary barriers to language and culture. However, in the present research, there is still a blank in the cognitive system of human lexical metaphor between French and Chinese. Based on Lakoff's Conceptual metaphor Theory and guided by the basic theory of linguistic worldview, this paper adopts the general research method of applied contrastive linguistics, the selection method, and the main human viscera words in both Chinese and Chinese languages. From the perspective of cognitive metaphor, the polysemous phenomenon of the term "heart", "liver", "spleen", "lung" and "kidney" in nine French and Chinese human visceral organs is studied, and the polysemous phenomenon of the word is compared with that of "heart", "liver", "spleen", "lung" and "kidney". By means of comparative analysis, this paper seeks to find the similarities and differences in the cognitive mechanism of metaphor (taking the quantitative characteristics of image points and the distribution of the category of the meaning of meaning), and tries to find out the causes of the similarities and differences, hoping to teach the vocabulary in French and Chinese. Cross-cultural communication and translation play a guiding role in practice.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H136;H32

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本文編號：2128265