發(fā)布時間：2018-07-05 07:19

  本文選題：語音對比 + 芬蘭漢語學習者　； 參考：《北京外國語大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文在對芬蘭語和漢語進行語音對比的基礎上,對五位芬蘭語為母語的漢語學習者進行語音測試,調查研究其漢語語音情況,分析芬蘭語為母語的學習者在漢語語音學習中所遇到的難點和問題,并結合研究結果對對芬漢語教學提出一定的建議。通過對學習者語音狀況的調查研究,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),他們存在如下問題：漢語韻母方面：將部分單韻母發(fā)成讀音與之相似而存在差異的芬蘭語元音；對舌尖前不圓唇元音i/η/和舌尖后不圓唇元音i/(?)/的發(fā)音部位、發(fā)音方法和聲母搭配規(guī)則掌握不牢；復韻母發(fā)音時內部元音音素界線太過分明、整體感不足；將部分后鼻音韻母讀成前鼻音韻母。漢語聲母方面：送氣-不送氣音的區(qū)分；舌尖后音的發(fā)音及舌尖后音與舌面音的區(qū)分；將舌面音x/(?)/發(fā)得近似于舌尖前音s/s/;將漢語的舌根清擦音h/x/發(fā)成芬蘭語的清喉音h/h/。漢語音節(jié)、詞重音方面：習慣于將詞重音全都落在第一個音節(jié)上,對漢語雙音節(jié)詞、多音節(jié)詞的重音規(guī)則不甚了解；對漢語輕聲的掌握嚴重不足；傾向于將漢語每個音節(jié)的音長都發(fā)得幾乎相等。漢語聲調方面：陰平發(fā)音時調值不夠高,上聲發(fā)音時升調幅度不足,去聲發(fā)音時降調幅度不足；傾向于把漢語詞匯的第一個音節(jié)讀成陰平。漢語語調方面：對漢語句重音和語法成分的關系不夠敏感,傾向于把句重音落在第一個詞上；對漢語音步特征的雙音節(jié)化傾向和漢語句調的變化情況也不甚了解,其中介語語音面貌無法達到漢語在節(jié)律上參差不齊、抑揚頓挫、徐疾有致的效果,而更接近于芬蘭語節(jié)奏感鮮明但缺少變化、較為沉悶的聽感特征。
[Abstract]:On the basis of phonetic comparison between Finnish and Chinese, this paper conducts phonological tests on five native speakers of Finnish Chinese, and investigates the situation of their Chinese pronunciation. This paper analyzes the difficulties and problems encountered by Finnish native language learners in Chinese phonetic learning, and puts forward some suggestions for Finn Chinese teaching combined with the results of the study. Through the investigation and study of the learners' phonetic status, we find that they have the following problems: Chinese vowels: some of the single vowels are uttered into Finnish vowels which are similar in pronunciation; The pronunciation position of the vowel I / 畏 / and the vowel I / (?) / after the tip of the tongue, the pronunciation method and the consonant collocation rules are not well grasped, the boundary of the internal vowel element is too clear and the whole feeling is not enough when the vowel is not rounded in front of the tongue tip, and the vowel sound I / (?) / is not round at the back of the tongue tip. Pronounce part of the nasal vowel as the antecedent nasal vowel. In Chinese consonant aspect: the distinction between aspirated and non-aspirated sounds; the difference between the articulation of the back tone of the tip of the tongue and the sound of the back of the tip of the tongue and the difference between the articulation of the tip of the tongue and the tone of the tongue; the transmission of the tongue-surface sound x / (?) / is similar to that of the pre-tongue sound s / r; and the h/x/ of the Chinese tongue root purge is translated into the clear throat sound of the Finnish language, hr. Chinese syllable, word stress: the habit of placing all the word stress on the first syllable, not knowing the stress rules of Chinese disyllabic words, not knowing the stress rules of multi-syllable words; Tend to pronounce every syllable in Chinese almost equally. In the aspect of Chinese tone, the tone value is not high enough, the ascending amplitude is not enough when the tone is flat, the amplitude is not enough when the tone is removed, and the first syllable of Chinese vocabulary tends to be pronounced as shade and flat. In the aspect of Chinese intonation, the relation between Chinese sentence stress and grammatical elements is not sensitive enough, and the stress of sentence tends to fall on the first word, and the disyllabic tendency of Chinese phonetic step characteristics and the change of Chinese sentence tone are not well understood. The interlanguage phonetic features can not achieve the rhythm of the Chinese is uneven, cadence, Xu Ji has the effect, but more close to the Finnish rhythm distinct but lack of change, more boring listening characteristics.
【學位授予單位】：北京外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H195.3

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本文編號：2099443