本文選題：異形 + 同義　； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,兩岸語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比研究較為火熱,而且成果較多,但是“英源外來(lái)詞”的對(duì)比研究還很少見(jiàn)�！坝⒃赐鈦�(lái)詞”的研究視角仍然比較傳統(tǒng),主要包括分類(lèi)、借用方式、本土化過(guò)程等幾個(gè)大的方面。從形式和意義出發(fā)對(duì)兩岸的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行比較的對(duì)象大部分都為漢語(yǔ)本土詞匯,而且大多數(shù)集中于“同形異義詞”的比較研究。對(duì)于“異形同義”這個(gè)角度的研究甚少,加之“英源外來(lái)詞”這個(gè)專(zhuān)題,其范圍更小,研究目的更加明確。文章綜合使用現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究方法,包括定量與定性分析法、統(tǒng)計(jì)法、列表法、語(yǔ)料庫(kù)法、田野調(diào)查法等結(jié)合歷史學(xué)、文化學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)的相關(guān)知識(shí)對(duì)兩岸異形英源外來(lái)詞進(jìn)行研究。論文站在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上定義了“異形”“同義”“英源外來(lái)詞”三個(gè)概念,從詞形出發(fā)對(duì)詞義進(jìn)行比較,從詞義出發(fā)比較詞形。在定量分析的基礎(chǔ)上,觀(guān)測(cè)兩岸英源外來(lái)詞呈現(xiàn)出的異同趨勢(shì)及其原因。就文章主要內(nèi)容來(lái)說(shuō),文章一共分為五章,每一章內(nèi)容都緊密相連。第一章為緒論部分,這一章介紹了論文寫(xiě)作的背景,也就是兩岸在吸收英源外來(lái)詞經(jīng)歷的不同歷史階段。還介紹了論文相關(guān)主題的研究現(xiàn)狀,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)論文的研究方法進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明,并且解答了論文寫(xiě)作時(shí)可能面對(duì)的難點(diǎn)。第二章為定義部分,對(duì)“異形英源外來(lái)詞”這個(gè)概念進(jìn)行分解,在查閱資料和引用前人觀(guān)點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上分別解釋了“異形”和“同義”。具體解釋了本文的“異形”和傳統(tǒng)意義上的“異形”的不同之處,分別舉例說(shuō)明了“完全異形”和“部分異形”兩類(lèi)情況。而“同義”主要采取的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是葛本儀的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。對(duì)“同義”的解釋也并在此基礎(chǔ)上完整解答了什么是“異形英源外來(lái)詞”。第三章是對(duì)兩岸異形英源外來(lái)詞進(jìn)行的書(shū)寫(xiě)形式上的比較,這個(gè)比較是以“同義”為基礎(chǔ),把“英源外來(lái)詞”進(jìn)行分類(lèi),主要探討了等義的英源外來(lái)詞和色彩意義不同的英源外來(lái)詞在書(shū)寫(xiě)形式上出現(xiàn)的不同情況。在探討之后,借鑒了臺(tái)灣竺家寧的研究進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。研究結(jié)果是,兩岸的英源外來(lái)詞的確存在很多的異形同義的情況,部分異形的英源外來(lái)詞在數(shù)量上比完全異形的英源外來(lái)詞多很多。拿英源外來(lái)詞內(nèi)部的書(shū)寫(xiě)形式——字的差別來(lái)說(shuō),更多呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)一字之差、二字之差。這一情況又說(shuō)明了兩岸其實(shí)在同一個(gè)語(yǔ)言背景之下,外來(lái)詞的借用具有相通性,這種相通性也是兩岸語(yǔ)言實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃的一個(gè)必備的條件。除了用字上的區(qū)別,本章還簡(jiǎn)單涉及到了兩岸英源外來(lái)詞詞長(zhǎng)上的對(duì)比,綜合分析來(lái)看,臺(tái)灣方面更加傾向于簡(jiǎn)單化,尤其是音譯詞,在翻譯的過(guò)程中,臺(tái)灣方面更容易在語(yǔ)音上簡(jiǎn)省,而大陸的“一音節(jié)一漢字”原則則比較明顯。第四章對(duì)兩岸異形英源外來(lái)詞在語(yǔ)義上進(jìn)行了比較。以“完全異形”和“部分異形”為基本框架,研究了兩岸異形英源外來(lái)詞在詞匯意義、色彩意義和語(yǔ)法意義上面的區(qū)別。詞匯意義的比較從義項(xiàng)不同的比較出發(fā),分析了從翻譯的角度分析了義項(xiàng)不同的原因。語(yǔ)義上的比較,最為不同的還是色彩意義上的區(qū)別,文章對(duì)色彩意義進(jìn)行了分類(lèi),其中比較明顯的差別的是“外來(lái)色彩”和“本土色彩”。這兩種色彩的產(chǎn)生主要也是翻譯方法,尤其是用字文化上面的區(qū)別。經(jīng)過(guò)研究,我們認(rèn)為,臺(tái)灣方面語(yǔ)言的本土色彩更為濃郁,這和其本土語(yǔ)言的保存以及漢語(yǔ)文化的弘揚(yáng)有較大的關(guān)系,大陸方面英源外來(lái)詞的外來(lái)色彩比較濃郁,主要是由于翻譯傳統(tǒng)和語(yǔ)言的開(kāi)放性引起的。最后,還對(duì)兩岸的異形同義英源外來(lái)詞進(jìn)行了語(yǔ)法意義上的比較。從詞類(lèi)的借用等級(jí)出發(fā),對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),在語(yǔ)法意義上的區(qū)別并不是很明顯,我們能找到的例子也寥寥無(wú)幾,這不是文章對(duì)比的重點(diǎn),但是語(yǔ)法意義的比較卻給我們漢語(yǔ)外來(lái)詞的研究開(kāi)辟了一個(gè)比較新的領(lǐng)域。第五章從應(yīng)用的角度出發(fā)對(duì)兩岸異形英源外來(lái)詞進(jìn)行了分析,從翻譯活動(dòng)、用字文化和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域三個(gè)大的方面出發(fā)對(duì)其應(yīng)用情況進(jìn)行了分析。文章進(jìn)一步解釋了什么是翻譯活動(dòng),以及從“歸化音譯”和“異化音譯”兩個(gè)角度說(shuō)明了兩岸翻譯活動(dòng)的不同,翻譯活動(dòng)的不同是形成兩岸異形英源外來(lái)詞的主要原因。其次,用字文化的分析,主要從一些專(zhuān)有名詞入手,文章主要以《漢語(yǔ)外來(lái)詞詞典》為語(yǔ)料,解釋了音譯人名的用字文化,相關(guān)藥品類(lèi)用字文化,化學(xué)元素用字文化,簡(jiǎn)單涉及了生活類(lèi)英源外來(lái)詞的用字文化。兩岸在英源外來(lái)詞上的用字文化有所差異,其實(shí)也和兩岸的政治關(guān)系有關(guān),這在文章中有相關(guān)論述。除此之外,我們從語(yǔ)義出發(fā),給異形同義英源外來(lái)詞進(jìn)行應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域上的分類(lèi),主要分為了生活、科技、商品、電影、地名、人名等幾類(lèi),參照整體上英源外來(lái)詞的領(lǐng)域,通過(guò)數(shù)量分析,觀(guān)察二者的不同領(lǐng)域分布,得出結(jié)論是異形英源外來(lái)詞的分布領(lǐng)域不如整體上的英源外來(lái)詞分布領(lǐng)域廣泛,而且擁有數(shù)量較多的異形英源外來(lái)詞領(lǐng)域多為與生活密切相關(guān)而且在臺(tái)灣光復(fù)之后生命力比較強(qiáng)、發(fā)展空間比較大的領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:At present, the comparative study between the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait is relatively hot and more successful, but the comparative study of "angyuan loanwords" is still rare. The research perspective of "angyuan loanwords" is still relatively traditional, mainly including the classification, borrowing and localization. From the form and significance, the language of the two sides is compared. Most of the objects are Chinese native words, and most of them are concentrated in the comparative study of "homonym". There are few studies on the angle of "heteronym". In addition, the topic of "English source loanwords" has a smaller scope and more clear purpose. The article combines modern linguistics research methods, including quantitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative analysis, statistical method, list method, corpus method, field investigation method and other related knowledge of history, culture, sociology and psychology are used to study the foreign words of the cross straits. On the basis of previous studies, three concepts of "heteromorphism" "synonym" and "English source loanwords" are defined. On the basis of quantitative analysis, on the basis of quantitative analysis, we observe the similarities and differences between the two sides of the two sides of the two sides and the reasons. In the main content of the article, the article is divided into five chapters, each chapter is closely connected. The first chapter is the introduction part, which introduces the background of the paper writing, that is, both sides of the paper. In absorbing the different historical stages of the experience of English loanwords, this paper also introduces the research status of the related topics of the paper, and on this basis, explains the research methods of the thesis, and answers the difficulties that may be faced in the paper writing. The second chapter is the definition part of the concept of "alien English Loanwords", and to consult the capital. The "heteromorphism" and "synonym" were explained separately on the basis of the predecessors' views, and the differences between the "heteromorphism" and the "heteromorphism" in the traditional meaning were explained in detail, and the two categories of "completely heteromorphism" and "partial heteromorphism" were illustrated with examples. The explanation of "synonym" is also explained on the basis of what is "alien word foreign words". The third chapter is a comparison of the written forms of foreign words from the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. The comparison is based on the "synonym" as the basis for the classification of "English source loanwords", and mainly discusses the equal meaning of the English foreign words and color meaning. According to the study of Taiwan Zhu Jianing, the English Loanwords in Taiwan have been tested. The result is that there are a lot of heteromorphism in the English loanwords on both sides of the Straits, and the number of foreign words in some foreign English source is much more than that of the completely alien English words. In terms of the differences in the written form of the loanwords, the difference between the words, the difference between the words and the difference between the two characters, shows that the borrowing of the loanwords is interlinked in the same language background, which is also a necessary condition for the unified programming of the reality of the two sides of the Straits. The difference in this chapter is simply related to the contrast between the length of the foreign words and words in the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. In a comprehensive analysis, the Taiwan aspect is more prone to simplification, especially the transliteration words. In the process of translation, Taiwan is easier to save in pronunciation, while the principle of "one syllable one Chinese character" is more obvious in the mainland. The fourth chapter is on the cross straits. The English source loanwords are compared in semantics. With the basic framework of "complete heteromorphism" and "partial heteromorphism", the differences in lexical meaning, color meaning and grammatical meaning between the two sides of the two sides of the two sides are studied. The comparison of lexical meaning from the comparison of different meanings is made and the analysis of different meanings from the perspective of translation is made. The reasons. The semantic comparison, the most different or the difference in color meaning, the article classifies the meaning of color, and the obvious difference is "foreign color" and "native color". The two colors are mainly produced by the translation method, especially the difference between the use of the word culture. The native language of the Bay has a stronger local color, which has a great relationship with the preservation of its native language and the promotion of Chinese culture. The foreign words in the mainland have a strong foreign color, mainly due to the tradition of translation and the openness of the language. Finally, the grammatical meaning of the foreign words from the two sides of the two sides of the two sides is also carried out. We find that the difference in grammatical meaning is not very obvious, and that we can find few examples. This is not the focus of the comparison, but the comparison of grammatical meaning has opened up a new field for the study of Chinese loanwords. Fifth From the perspective of application, the paper analyzes the foreign words of the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. From the three aspects of the translation activities, the use of the culture and the application field, the application of the foreign words is analyzed. The article further explains what is the translation activity, and from the two angles of "naturalized transliteration" and "dissimilation transliteration". The difference in translation activities and the difference in translation activities are the main reasons for the formation of foreign words from the two sides of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. Secondly, the analysis of the culture of the words is mainly based on some proper nouns. The article mainly explains the culture of the word use of the transliteration of the names of people, with the dictionary of Chinese loanwords as the corpus, and the culture of the characters and characters, the culture of the use of chemical elements, and the simplicity of the culture of the chemical elements. It involves the culture of the word use of the living English loanwords. The cultural differences between the two sides of the two sides of the two sides are related to the political relations between the two sides of the Straits. According to the field of English foreign words as a whole, the distribution of the two different fields is observed by quantitative analysis. The conclusion is that the distribution domain of the foreign words is not as wide as the whole of the English loanwords on the whole, and the number of foreign words with a large number of foreign sources is mostly in the field. Life is closely related, and after Taiwan's recovery, its vitality is relatively strong and its development space is relatively large.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H136.5

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本文編號(hào)：1972233