本文選題：特異性語言損傷兒童 + 詞匯體　； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究旨在探討漢語特異性語言損傷(Specific Language Impairment,簡稱SLI)兒童語法體的加工是否受詞匯體的影響,并通過控制詞匯體的呈現(xiàn)時間進一步考察語法體標(biāo)記加工的時間進程以及加工模式,據(jù)此給出相應(yīng)的解釋。本研究依據(jù)標(biāo)準化語言測試量表和智力量表選取了 16名漢語特異性語言損傷兒童,并依據(jù)語言能力和年齡兩項指標(biāo)分別匹配了 16名生理年齡更小的語言能力匹配兒童、16名實齡匹配兒童,采用兩種自定步速閱讀任務(wù)考察完成體標(biāo)記“了”以及未完成體標(biāo)記“著”在完結(jié)動詞和活動動詞后反應(yīng)時的變化情況。簡單自定步速閱讀任務(wù)的實驗結(jié)果表明SLI兒童對語法體標(biāo)記的加工深受詞匯體的影響。完成體標(biāo)記“了”在完結(jié)動詞后的加工速度顯著快于活動動詞;未完成體標(biāo)記“著”在活動動詞后的加工速度顯著快于完結(jié)動詞。這-一結(jié)果可以用原型范疇理論解釋,活動動詞內(nèi)部蘊含[+動態(tài)性][+持續(xù)性][-終結(jié)性]的語義特征和未完成體“著”所表示的“事件正在持續(xù)”的含義共享更多的語義信息,而完結(jié)動詞蘊含[+終結(jié)性]和完成體“ 了”所表達的“事件完成”是相關(guān)聯(lián)的,當(dāng)相似特征匹配時,反應(yīng)速度會加快。SLI兒童的表現(xiàn)遵循情狀體假說的預(yù)測�？刂圃~匯體呈現(xiàn)時間的實驗結(jié)果表明詞匯體的呈現(xiàn)時間對SLI兒童語法體加工的影響比較大,詞匯體呈現(xiàn)時間越長,SLI兒童對詞匯體所蘊含的語義信息加工程度越完整,語法體標(biāo)記的反應(yīng)速度越快。詞匯體的呈現(xiàn)時間有250ms,300ms和350m三種。SLI兒童未完成體標(biāo)記“著”的反應(yīng)時隨詞匯體呈現(xiàn)時間的變化表現(xiàn)為250ms300mss≈350ms(表示反應(yīng)時大,≈表示反應(yīng)時相當(dāng),下同。),完成體標(biāo)記“了”表現(xiàn)為250ms≈300ms≈350ms,并且當(dāng)詞匯體呈現(xiàn)250ms時,活動動詞后體標(biāo)記“著”的反應(yīng)時慢于“ 了”,當(dāng)詞匯體呈現(xiàn)300mm以及350ms時“著”的反應(yīng)時快于“ 了”。SLI兒童表現(xiàn)出的這種加工策略一方面可能是因為SLI兒童本身語義存在一定的損傷,難以理解活動動詞的雙重語義屬性,即使詞匯體部分呈現(xiàn)時間增加完成體“了”的反應(yīng)速度依然很慢;另一方面可能是因為SLI兒童先激活動詞持續(xù)性和動態(tài)性的語義特征,但是當(dāng)詞匯體呈現(xiàn)250ms時,由于呈現(xiàn)時間較短,SLI兒童對詞匯體語義信息激活不完整,隨著詞匯體呈現(xiàn)時間越來越長,能夠很快建立未完成體和活動動詞之間的語義關(guān)聯(lián),這就促使活動動詞后“著”的反應(yīng)時顯著快于“ 了”。綜上所述,SLI兒童語法體的加工受詞匯體的影響,符合情狀體假說的預(yù)測,但是在加工模式和加工策略上和典型發(fā)展兒童存在差異。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the processing of grammatical aspect in Chinese specific Language Impairment (SLI) children was affected by lexical aspect, and to further investigate the processing process and processing mode of aspect marker by controlling the presentation time of lexical aspect. Accordingly, the corresponding explanation is given. In this study, 16 children with Chinese language specific language impairment were selected according to the standardized language Test scale and the Intelligence scale. According to the two indexes of language ability and age, 16 children with lower physiological age were matched. Two kinds of self-paced reading tasks were used to investigate the changes of the complete aspect marker "already" and the incomplete aspect marker "Zhe" after the reaction of the ending verb and the active verb. The results of a simple self-paced reading task show that the processing of grammatical aspect markers in SLI children is greatly influenced by lexical aspect. The processing speed of the complete aspect marker "Zhe" is significantly faster than that of the active verb after the completion verb, and the processing speed of the incomplete aspect marker "Zhe" after the active verb is significantly faster than that of the ending verb. This result can be explained by the prototype category theory, in which the semantic features of [dynamic] [persistent] [-summative] within active verbs share more semantic information with the meaning of "event is continuing" expressed by the unfinished aspect. The conclusion verb implicates "summality" and the "event completion" expressed by the complete aspect is related. When the similar characteristics are matched, the reaction speed will be accelerated. SLI children's performance follows the prediction of the situation body hypothesis. The experimental results of controlling the time of lexical aspect presentation show that the presentation time of lexical body has great influence on the processing of grammatical aspect of SLI children, and the longer the presentation time of lexical aspect is, the more complete the processing of semantic information contained in the lexical aspect is. The faster the grammatical body marks react. The presentation time of lexical corpus is 250 Ms / 300 Ms and 350 m respectively. The variation of the response time of uncompleted volume marker "binder" in children shows that 250ms300mss 鈮，

本文編號：1915322