本文選題：表人三音名詞 + 語義透明度��； 參考：《深圳大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以《現(xiàn)代漢語常用詞表(草案)》(以下簡稱《詞表》)中的529個表人三音名詞為研究對象,從語義構(gòu)成和語法構(gòu)成兩個角度,來探析二者對于表人三音名詞語義透明度的影響。全文分為四章。第一章,緒論部分,對當(dāng)前三音詞的研究,做了詳細的論述,進一步明確了本文的寫作方向。第二章,重點闡釋了語義透明度的概念及相關(guān)研究,并在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,制定出了表人三音名詞的語義透明度劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并將《詞表》中的表人三音名詞劃分為第一等級、第二等級、第三等級、第四等級、第五等級五個不同的語義透明度類別。同時就影響詞語語義透明度的因素進行了討論,發(fā)現(xiàn)影響語義透明度的因素主要集中于:頻率、詞素義與詞義的關(guān)系以及詞的結(jié)構(gòu)上。由于本文的語料是從《詞表》中選取的,因而都是高頻詞匯,所以本文將從語義構(gòu)成和語法構(gòu)成兩個角度,來探究其對表人三音名詞語義透明度的影響。第三章,是本文的重點章節(jié),分為兩部分:從表人三音名詞的語義構(gòu)成和語法構(gòu)成兩個角度來進行研究。在語義構(gòu)成方面,又分為語義結(jié)構(gòu)和語義類別兩個部分。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在語義結(jié)構(gòu)方面,組合構(gòu)成的詞所占比重最大,且組合構(gòu)成的詞的語義透明度均為第一等級。附合構(gòu)成的詞也多是語義透明度為第一等級的。融合構(gòu)成的詞,語義透明度多為第三等級,化合構(gòu)成的詞的語義透明度最低,多為第五等級;在語義類別方面,表人三音名詞中以職業(yè)類的數(shù)量最多,其次是身份類,位于第三的是特征類,以姓名類的表人三音名詞數(shù)量最少。職業(yè)類和關(guān)系類的表人三音名詞的語義透明度最高,均為第一等級的。在語法構(gòu)成方面,同樣分為兩個部分,即語法結(jié)構(gòu)和物性結(jié)構(gòu)兩個方面。通過數(shù)據(jù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn):在傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)方面,偏正式的表人三音名詞所占比重最高,且以偏正式的“名+名”和“形+名”復(fù)合詞數(shù)量最多。且偏正式表人三音名詞的語義透明度類型分布最為廣泛,以語義透明度為第一等級的詞的數(shù)量最多,所占比重最大;在物性結(jié)構(gòu)方面,“名+名”偏正式復(fù)合詞和“形+名”偏正式復(fù)合詞均是以形式角色為主,二者的語義透明度集中于第一等級,但是也有部分詞語分布在其他語義透明度等級中。附加式復(fù)合詞以功用角色為主,且語義透明度基本上都分布在第一等級。第四章,首先總結(jié)全文,其次在余論部分,將《詞表》與《近代漢語詞典》中出現(xiàn)的同義項的雙音詞和三音詞的情況進行了對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)同義項的三音詞比雙音詞意義更豐富、更透明。通過對《詞表》中529個表人三音名詞的語義透明度的研究,幫助我們厘清了詞源,并進一步揭示了語義構(gòu)成和語法構(gòu)成對語義透明度的影響,對二語教學(xué)提供了一定的參考。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we take the 529 characters and three syllable nouns in the Common words list (draft) of Modern Chinese as the research object, and analyze their influence on the semantic transparency of the three syllable nouns from the perspective of semantic composition and grammatical construction. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, the introduction, makes a detailed discussion on the current study of three-syllable words, and further clarifies the writing direction of this paper. In the second chapter, the concept of semantic transparency and related research are explained, and on the basis of the previous studies, the criterion of semantic transparency of three syllable nouns is established, and the three syllable nouns in thesaurus are classified as the first level. Level 2, level 3, level 4, level 5 are five different categories of semantic transparency. At the same time, the factors that affect the semantic transparency of words are discussed. The factors that affect the semantic transparency are mainly focused on frequency, the relationship between morpheme and meaning, and the structure of words. Because the corpus of this paper is selected from thesaurus and therefore all of them are high frequency words, this paper will explore its influence on the semantic transparency of three syllable nouns in terms of semantic composition and grammatical construction. The third chapter is the key chapter of this paper, which is divided into two parts: the semantic structure and grammatical construction of three-syllable nouns. In the aspect of semantic construction, it is divided into two parts: semantic structure and semantic category. It is found that in terms of semantic structure, the proportion of words composed by combination is the largest, and the semantic transparency of words composed by combination is the first grade. The words formed by attachment are also the first level of semantic transparency. In the semantic category, the number of occupational category is the most, and the identity category is the second, in the semantic category, the semantic transparency is mostly the third level, and the combination is the lowest, most of which is the fifth level, in the semantic category, the number of occupational category is the most in the three syllable nouns, and the second is the identity category. In the third place is the characteristic class, with the name category of the person three-syllable noun number is the least. The semantic transparency of three-syllable nouns in occupational category and relational category is the highest, which is the first level. In the aspect of grammatical constitution, it is also divided into two parts, that is, grammatical structure and transitive structure. Through the data analysis, it is found that in the traditional structure, the proportion of the three syllable nouns with partial formality is the highest, and the number of the compound words of "name" and "form name" is the most. The most widely distributed type of semantic transparency is the partial formal representation of human trisyllabic nouns. The number of words with semantic transparency as the first level is the largest and the proportion is the largest. The formal compound of "name and name" and "formal compound of form and name" are mainly formal roles. Their semantic transparency is concentrated in the first level, but some words are distributed in other semantic transparency levels. Additive compound words are mainly functional, and semantic transparency is basically distributed in the first level. In chapter four, the author first summarizes the full text, and then in the conclusion part, compares the word list with the disyllabic word and the three-syllable word of the synonym in the Modern Chinese Dictionary, and finds that the three-syllable word of the synonym is more meaningful than the two-syllable word. More transparent. Through the research on the semantic transparency of 529 human and three-syllable nouns in Thesaurus, this paper helps us to clarify the etymology, and further reveals the influence of semantic and grammatical structure on semantic transparency, which provides a certain reference for the second language teaching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H136;H146.3

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