本文選題：當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)　切入點(diǎn)：特點(diǎn)　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在當(dāng)代漢語(yǔ)詞的匯研究中,縮略語(yǔ)研究成果頗豐。作為漢語(yǔ)縮略語(yǔ)的一種類(lèi)型——數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)——是一個(gè)非常有價(jià)值的研究課題,但是目前為止,學(xué)者對(duì)數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)的關(guān)注度不夠,所作的專(zhuān)門(mén)研究也不夠充分和完善。本文以當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)為研究對(duì)象,在吸收和借鑒前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,廣泛搜集語(yǔ)料,從歷時(shí)和共時(shí)的層面出發(fā),運(yùn)用描寫(xiě)和解釋、對(duì)比分析、理論和實(shí)際語(yǔ)料相結(jié)合的研究方法,從特點(diǎn)、原式與縮略形式的關(guān)聯(lián)、生成動(dòng)因、語(yǔ)用和規(guī)范等角度進(jìn)行探討。當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)是縮略語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一種形式,它抽取詞(或短語(yǔ)、句子)中相同的語(yǔ)素或語(yǔ)義成分,并加上數(shù)詞構(gòu)成一種新形式,被提取的一串詞的各項(xiàng)的結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意義相關(guān)或相近。從共時(shí)層面看,當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)的音節(jié)、結(jié)構(gòu)各有特點(diǎn):在音節(jié)上主要表現(xiàn)出雙音節(jié)型、三音節(jié)型、四音節(jié)型居多的特點(diǎn);在結(jié)構(gòu)上主要包括偏正式、并列式和主謂式。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)通過(guò)縮略產(chǎn)生的新形式與原式之間有密切的關(guān)聯(lián),主要在結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)義功能方面產(chǎn)生關(guān)聯(lián)。在結(jié)構(gòu)方面,有些當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)與原式結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系發(fā)生變化,具有不對(duì)應(yīng)性。在語(yǔ)義功能方面,當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)與原式在概念意義上可以相互替代,但是在句法功能方面則不具備守恒性,還有部分當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)了詞化現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展有內(nèi)部和外部?jī)蓚�(gè)原因,它既有語(yǔ)言經(jīng)濟(jì)原則和效度原則、轉(zhuǎn)喻認(rèn)知、漢語(yǔ)音節(jié)發(fā)展規(guī)律的約束等內(nèi)因驅(qū)動(dòng);又有社會(huì)環(huán)境的變化、漢民族數(shù)詞文化等外因影響。當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)有很高的語(yǔ)用價(jià)值,它的使用范圍具有層級(jí)性,且對(duì)語(yǔ)境具有一定的依賴(lài)性,還具有特定的語(yǔ)用修辭功能等。當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略規(guī)范要堅(jiān)持簡(jiǎn)約明了、語(yǔ)境限制和非歧義三條原則。在語(yǔ)用實(shí)踐過(guò)程中,對(duì)一些當(dāng)代數(shù)字縮略語(yǔ)應(yīng)該加以必要的引導(dǎo)與規(guī)范。
[Abstract]:In the study of contemporary Chinese acronyms, the study of abbreviations is very fruitful. As a type of Chinese acronyms, digital acronyms are a very valuable research topic, but so far, scholars have not paid enough attention to digital acronyms. This paper takes the contemporary digital acronyms as the object of study, on the basis of absorbing and drawing on the previous research achievements, collects the language data extensively, starts from the diachronic and synchronic level, uses description and explanation. The comparative analysis, the research method of combining theory with practical corpus, from the characteristics, the relation between the original form and the form of acronym, the cause of formation, the pragmatics and the norm, etc., is a common form of acronyms in modern times. It extracts the same morpheme or semantic component of a word (or phrase, sentence) and adds numerals to form a new form in which each item of the extracted string of words has the same or similar structure, meaning related or similar. The syllables of contemporary digital acronyms have their own characteristics: in syllables, they are mainly characterized by two syllables, three syllables and four syllables, and the structure mainly includes partial formality, juxtaposition and subject-predicate. There is a close relationship between modern digital acronyms and their original forms, mainly in the aspects of structure and semantic function. In terms of structure, some contemporary digital acronyms have changed with the original structure. In terms of semantic functions, contemporary digital acronyms and primitives can be replaced in conceptual sense, but not conserved in syntactic functions. The emergence and development of contemporary digital acronyms are due to both internal and external reasons, which include the principles of language economy and validity, metonymy cognition, and so on. Chinese syllables are driven by internal factors, such as the restriction of the rules of Chinese syllable development, the change of social environment, the influence of the Chinese national numerals culture and other external factors. The contemporary digital acronyms have high pragmatic value and their scope of use is hierarchical. Moreover, it has certain dependence on context, as well as specific pragmatic rhetorical functions, etc. In the process of pragmatic practice, we should adhere to the three principles of simplicity, contextual limitation and non-ambiguity in contemporary digital acronyms. Some contemporary digital acronyms should be guided and standardized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H136.6

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