本文選題：“哦”　切入點：語法化　出處：《溫州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代漢語日常會話中,語氣詞對人們成功交際發(fā)揮著不可小覷的作用。語氣詞意義的空靈和結(jié)構(gòu)的靈活性使許多專家學(xué)者們難以對其進(jìn)行全面且系統(tǒng)的研究。近年來,一些學(xué)者開始對新生語氣詞“哦”產(chǎn)生了興趣,主要原因是該語氣詞使用的廣泛性和用法的靈活性。本文基于北大語料庫和漢語詞典,將“哦”依據(jù)詞性分別歸類為動詞、感嘆詞和語氣詞并逐一對其語義、語用和構(gòu)式進(jìn)行分析與探討。經(jīng)由分析發(fā)現(xiàn),“哦”的語法化過程是由最初的動詞虛化為嘆詞,并逐漸虛化為語氣詞,這一過程中具有停滯性和單向性的特點。此外,本文運用認(rèn)知語言學(xué)中的概念隱喻和主觀化以期解釋和分析“哦”的語法化過程。概念隱喻是語法化過程中重要的認(rèn)知機(jī)制之一。概念是表述的內(nèi)容,隱喻是表述的機(jī)制。概念隱喻是一個具體的概念域向一個抽象的概念域的系統(tǒng)映射。主觀化則是語法化過程中另一個重要的認(rèn)知機(jī)制,指的是在識解一個場景時,人們傾向于將客觀軸調(diào)整到主觀軸,從而實現(xiàn)語法化的過程。本文將“哦”的語法化過程分為動詞“哦”到嘆詞“哦”以及嘆詞“哦”到語氣詞“哦”。通過分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)由動詞“哦”虛化為嘆詞“哦”的認(rèn)知動因是概念隱喻和主觀化。動詞虛化為嘆詞是由一個具體的空間域映射到一個抽象的情感域,且當(dāng)人們識解動詞“哦”時,識解角度也由客觀轉(zhuǎn)為主觀。在第二個語法化過程中,概念隱喻和主觀化難以有力地論證嘆詞“哦”虛化為語氣詞“哦”。但經(jīng)過分析可知,這一過程中類比起到了一定的作用。漢語中有許多嘆詞也可以作為語氣詞,如“啊”和“吧”,這給嘆詞“哦”虛化到語氣詞“哦”提供了參考。本文不僅從認(rèn)知的角度分析了“哦”的語法化過程,而且從語用角度進(jìn)行闡釋。因為在此變化過程中,認(rèn)知和語用是密不可分的。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn):“哦”的語法化過程符合人類的認(rèn)知發(fā)展規(guī)律,為我們探索鑲嵌在語言中的人類思維規(guī)律提供了借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In the daily conversation of modern Chinese, modal words play an important role in successful communication. The empty meaning and flexibility of structure make it difficult for many experts and scholars to study them comprehensively and systematically in recent years. Some scholars have become interested in the new mood word "Oh", mainly because of its extensive use and flexibility in usage. Based on the Peking University corpus and the Chinese dictionary, "Oh" is classified as a verb on the basis of part of speech, respectively. The semantics, pragmatics and construction of interjections and mood words are analyzed and discussed one by one. It is found that the grammaticalization of "oh" is from the initial verb to the interjection, and gradually to the modal. This process is characterized by stagnation and unidirectionality. This paper uses conceptual metaphor and subjectivization in cognitive linguistics to explain and analyze the grammaticalization of "oh". Conceptual metaphor is one of the important cognitive mechanisms in the process of grammaticalization. Concept is the content of expression. Metaphor is the mechanism of expression. Conceptual metaphor is the systematic mapping of a concrete concept domain to an abstract concept domain. Subjectivization is another important cognitive mechanism in the process of grammaticalization, which refers to the understanding of a scene. People tend to adjust the objective axis to the subjective axis so as to realize the process of grammaticalization. In this paper, the grammaticalization of "oh" is divided into the verb "oh" to the interjection "oh" and the interjection "oh" to the modal word "oh". It is found that the cognitive motivation of the verb "oh" to "oh" is conceptual metaphor and subjectivization, which is mapped from a specific spatial domain to an abstract emotional domain, and when people understand the verb "oh", In the second grammaticalization process, conceptual metaphor and subjectivization are difficult to prove forcefully that the interjection "oh" is a modal word "oh". However, the analysis shows that, Analogy plays a role in this process. There are many interjections in Chinese that can also be used as modal words. Such as "ah" and "bar", which provides a reference for the interjection from "oh" to "oh". This paper not only analyzes the grammaticalization process of "oh" from the perspective of cognition, but also interprets it from the perspective of pragmatics, because in the course of this change, Cognition and pragmatics are inextricably linked. It is found that the grammaticalization of "oh" conforms to the laws of human cognitive development, which provides us with reference for exploring the laws of human thinking embedded in language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：溫州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H14

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本文編號：1663493