本文選題：醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道　切入點：評價理論　出處：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新聞報道在人們的日常生活中扮演著越來越重要的角色。我們可以從新聞報道中了解國內(nèi)外發(fā)生的重大事件和熱點話題。近年來,各種醫(yī)療糾紛層出不窮,已成為國內(nèi)的社會熱點事件之一,并引起了人們的高度重視。新聞?wù)Z篇分析是語言學(xué)研究的一個重要領(lǐng)域。最初對新聞?wù)Z篇研究是從文體學(xué)角度和社會文化角度進行的(e.g.Crystal and Davy,1969;王佐良,1987;侯維銳,1988;etc.)。語篇分析的出現(xiàn)為新聞?wù)Z篇的研究提供了一個新的視角。1979年,Fowler在《語言與控制》一書中首次提出了“批評話語分析”這一術(shù)語。自此,許多學(xué)者(e.g.Fowler,1991;Van Dijk,1998;辛斌,1998;etc.)開始從“批評話語分析”角度研究新聞?wù)Z篇。20世紀(jì)60年代,韓禮德(1985,1994)提出了系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué),為語篇分析提供了多層次、多功能的理論框架。系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué)認(rèn)為人際功能是通過語氣、情態(tài)和情態(tài)副詞實現(xiàn)的。然而,系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué)沒有解決語言是如何表達作者或讀者觀點的問題。2000年,馬丁發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一不足,并提出了評價理論,從而進一步發(fā)展了系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué)。評價理論由態(tài)度、介入和級差三個子系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。自評價理論確立以來,被國內(nèi)外許多學(xué)者用來分析各種類型語篇(e.g.Iedema,Feez and White,1994;White,1998;Korner,2000;Coffin,2002;Hood,2004;王振華,2004;陳曉燕,2007;劉悅明,2012;布占廷,2013;etc.)。然而,很少學(xué)者研究中文新聞?wù)Z篇。本文從評價理論角度分析醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道。本研究采用分層隨機抽樣方法從2012年到2014年國內(nèi)報紙中,選取十五篇醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道作為分析語料,采用UAM Corpus Tool 3.2和Excel 2007兩種分析工具,定量和定性相結(jié)合的研究方法,旨在探明態(tài)度、介入和級差資源在醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道中是如何實現(xiàn)和分布的,并解釋分布的原因。通過分析,主要發(fā)現(xiàn)如下:第一,在醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道中,態(tài)度資源使用較少,占4.9%。態(tài)度系統(tǒng)中,情感,判斷和鑒賞這三個子范疇屬于主觀性評價范疇,從而體現(xiàn)了醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道的客觀性。第二,在醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道中,介入資源使用最多,占評價資源的86.5%。在多聲子范疇中,對話緊縮資源多于對話擴展資源。在對話緊縮資源中,新聞記者傾向于使用否認(rèn)資源壓制其他聲音的對話空間,以凸顯觀點的可信度。新聞記者使用公告資源以呈現(xiàn)個人主張的正當(dāng)性,壓制或排除可能的觀點。對話擴展資源中,歸屬資源的數(shù)量多于接納資源。歸屬資源中,新聞記者通過使用承認(rèn)資源引入其他權(quán)威人士的觀點,從而使新聞報道更真實、可信。新聞記者使用接納資源拉近與讀者的距離,以使其觀點更易于被讀者接受。第三,級差資源在醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道中僅占8.6%。通過分析,語勢資源多于聚焦資源。新聞記者使用語勢資源構(gòu)筑價值立場并最大化地使讀者接受他們的觀點。新聞記者使用強勢詞匯加強他們的積極態(tài)度,使用模糊性詞匯削弱他們的消極態(tài)度。本研究證明了用評價理論分析中文語篇的可行性,擴大了評價理論的研究范圍,為中文語篇研究提供了一個新視角。評價理論的運用為新聞從業(yè)人員撰寫新聞報道提供恰當(dāng)?shù)脑u價策略。而作為讀者,應(yīng)該從批判性閱讀角度正確解讀醫(yī)療糾紛新聞報道,發(fā)掘隱藏在新聞記者觀點、態(tài)度背后的真實新聞信息,從而提高評判意識。本文由六章構(gòu)成。第一章簡述了本論文的研究背景、研究目的及意義和論文的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章是文獻綜述部分。作者對國內(nèi)外評價理論的相關(guān)研究與新聞?wù)Z篇的相關(guān)研究進行了回顧。第三章概述了本文的理論框架。評價理論由態(tài)度、介入和級差三個子系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。第四章是本文的研究方法,包括研究問題、研究工具、數(shù)據(jù)收集和分析步驟。第五章是分析結(jié)果與討論。作者運用評價理論的三個子系統(tǒng)對醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道進行了分析,并總結(jié)出醫(yī)療糾紛中文新聞報道中評價資源的分布與特征。第六章總結(jié)了本文的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)、啟示,指出本文研究的局限性,并為未來研究提供了一些建議。
[Abstract]:The news is playing an increasingly important role in people's daily life. We can understand the topic of major events happening at home and abroad and hot from the press. In recent years, the medical disputes emerge in an endless stream, has become one of the hot social events in China, and attracted the attention of people. News discourse analysis is a an important field of linguistic study. The first is social and cultural perspective from the perspective of stylistics of news discourse research (e.g.Crystal and Davy, 1969; Wang Zuoliang, 1987; Hou Weirui, 1988; etc.). Discourse analysis for study of news discourse provides a new perspective in.1979, Fowler < > language and control a book first proposed the "critical discourse analysis" of the term. Since then, many scholars (e.g.Fowler, 1991; Van Dijk, 1998; Xin Bin, 1998; etc.) from the beginning of "critical discourse analysis perspective. The news discourse.20 century 60s, Hallidy (19851994) put forward the systemic functional linguistics provides a multi-level theoretical framework for discourse analysis, multi function. According to systemic functional linguistics, the interpersonal function is realized by mood, modality and modal adverbs. However, systemic functional linguistics does not solve the language is how to express the author or reader a point of.2000 years, Martin discovered the problem, and puts forward the evaluation theory, so as to further development of the systemic functional linguistics. The appraisal theory consists of attitude, engagement and graduation constitute three subsystems. Self evaluation theory since the establishment of various types of discourse analysis by many scholars at home and abroad for (e.g.Iedema, Feez and White. 1994; White, 1998; Korner, 2000; Coffin, 2002; Hood, 2004; Wang Zhenhua, 2004; Chen Xiaoyan, 2007; Liu Yueming, 2012; 2013 etc.); Zhan Ting Bu,. However, few scholars study the Chinese news Discourse. This paper analysis the medical dispute Chinese news reports from the perspective of appraisal theory. This study used stratified random sampling method from 2012 to 2014 domestic newspapers, a total of fifteen medical disputes Chinese news reports as the data for analysis, using UAM Corpus Tool 3.2 and Excel 2007 two kinds of analysis tools, quantitative and qualitative research methods. In order to find out how to realize the attitude, engagement and graduation resources and the distribution of Chinese medical disputes in the news reports, and explain the reason for the distribution. Through the analysis, the main findings are as follows: first, in the medical dispute Chinese news reports, using less emotional attitude resources, accounting for 4.9%. system, attitude, judgment and appreciation of the three sub belongs to the category of subjective evaluation category, which reflects the objectivity of news reports Chinese medical disputes. In second, the medical dispute Chinese news reports, involved in the use of resources The most, accounted for assessment of the resources of 86.5%. in multi phonon field, dialogic contraction resources is higher than the dialogic expansion resources. In the dialogic contraction resources, journalists tend to deny resources to suppress other voices in dialogue space, to highlight the credibility of the view. Journalists use the announcement to show individual claims legitimacy resources, suppress or exclude the possibility of the point of view. The dialogic expansion resources, ownership of resources than the number of accepted resources. Ownership of resources, journalists admitted through the use of resources into other authorities, so as to make news reports more real and credible. Journalists use accepted resources close to readers, to make their views more easily accepted by readers. Third, Chinese graduation resources of medical disputes in the news reports only 8.6%. through the analysis of language resources than focusing resources. Journalists use language resources to build price The value of the position and to maximize the readers to accept their views. Journalists use strong words to strengthen their positive attitude, using fuzzy words weaken their negative attitude. This study proved the feasibility analysis Chinese discourse evaluation theory, expanded the scope of the study of appraisal theory, provides a new perspective for Chinese study on discourse. Using the evaluation theory for the journalists to write news reports provide the appropriate evaluation method. As a reader, you should read the point of correct interpretation of medical disputes news reports from critical, discover the hidden in news reporters view, attitude of the truth behind the news and information, so as to improve awareness. This thesis consists of six chapters. The chapter introduces the research background, purpose and significance of the research and the framework of the thesis. The second chapter is literature review. The evaluation of domestic and foreign theory Related studies and news discourse are reviewed. The third chapter outlines the theoretical framework of this paper. The appraisal theory consists of attitude, engagement and graduation consists of three subsystems. The fourth chapter is the research methodology, including research questions, research tools, data collection and analysis steps. The fifth chapter is the analysis of results and discussion the author uses. The three subsystems of appraisal theory to analyze the medical dispute Chinese news reports, and summarizes the distribution and characteristics of resource evaluation of medical disputes Chinese news reports. The sixth chapter summarizes the main findings and implications of this thesis, points out the limitations of this study, and provides some suggestions for future research.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H15

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