本文選題：敬語　切入點(diǎn)：漢韓對比　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：禮貌是人際間交往最重要的準(zhǔn)則之一,與我們的生活息息相關(guān)。隨著世界各國間的交流不斷增多,禮貌用語越來越得到頻繁的使用,并在中外文化交流中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。在對外漢語教學(xué)中,必須關(guān)注禮貌用語的教學(xué),教師應(yīng)當(dāng)有針對性地結(jié)合各民族的文化背景與風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,制定相應(yīng)的禮貌用語教學(xué)策略,以提高漢語教學(xué)的效果,使學(xué)生能夠根據(jù)不同的場合選擇正確的禮貌用語。同時(shí),禮貌用語的教學(xué)還能讓世界各國的漢語學(xué)習(xí)者更好地了解中國以及中國的禮文化。漢語和韓語屬于兩種不同類型的語言,漢韓用語并不一致。因此,第一章分別論述漢語和韓語對敬語的概念以及分類情況,整理歸納前人對漢韓禮貌表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn),通過對比分析,總結(jié)漢韓敬語在定義及分類上的異同。為避免在語言使用上出現(xiàn)混亂,本文統(tǒng)一使用“敬語”這一術(shù)語。雖然中韓兩國皆為“禮儀之邦”,深受儒家思想影響,但由于兩國歷史背景、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、社會(huì)制度等種種差異,兩國的禮貌文化不盡相同,在此基礎(chǔ)上形成的漢韓禮貌用語的表達(dá)方式也不完全相同,從而導(dǎo)致韓國漢語學(xué)習(xí)者在使用漢語敬語進(jìn)行交際時(shí)出現(xiàn)誤用現(xiàn)象。因此,出于對韓漢語敬語教學(xué)需要,第二章分別從詞匯和語法方面介紹漢韓敬語的特點(diǎn),并通過詳細(xì)的對比分析,探討兩種語言在禮貌表達(dá)上的異同,為之后的韓國人誤用漢語敬語成因提供理論依據(jù)。通過發(fā)放問卷并結(jié)合日常漢語教學(xué)時(shí)注意到的問題,在第三章中對在南京工作生活的韓國人漢語敬語使用情況進(jìn)行了深入分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在韓語敬語負(fù)干擾、已學(xué)漢語敬語知識的負(fù)遷移影響、自身的學(xué)習(xí)策略和交際策略以及外部因素的制約下,韓國漢語學(xué)習(xí)者在使用漢語敬語時(shí)主要會(huì)出現(xiàn)詞義判斷不準(zhǔn)確、過度使用禮貌用語、回避使用人稱代詞等三類偏誤。在第四章中,針對上述問題,從漢語敬語教學(xué)策略、教材、教師三個(gè)方面,思考如何對韓國學(xué)生進(jìn)行漢語敬語教學(xué)。對外漢語教學(xué)應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)對禮貌用語教學(xué)的重視,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生中國人交際時(shí)的禮貌思維和禮貌表達(dá),讓學(xué)習(xí)者能夠根據(jù)具體交際情景選擇準(zhǔn)確得體的禮貌用語,了解漢語禮貌用語所包含的禮貌文化內(nèi)涵,減少交際活動(dòng)中矛盾的產(chǎn)生。同時(shí),從韓國漢語學(xué)習(xí)者自身角度出發(fā),提出如何正確掌握漢語敬語的幾點(diǎn)建議�？偟膩碚f,學(xué)習(xí)者要想熟練、靈活地運(yùn)用漢語禮貌用語,就必須從根本上掌握中韓兩國禮貌文化的異同,接受中國人的禮貌表達(dá)習(xí)慣和價(jià)值觀,培養(yǎng)中國人待人接物的思維方式。
[Abstract]:Politeness is one of the most important criteria for interpersonal communication, is closely related to our life. With the increasing exchanges between the countries in the world, politeness is getting more and more frequently used in the Sino foreign cultural exchanges play an increasingly important role. In foreign language teaching, must pay attention to politeness language teaching, teachers should targeted combination of cultural background and customs of various ethnic groups, making polite teaching strategies accordingly, in order to improve the effectiveness of Chinese language teaching, so that students can choose politeness right according to different occasions. At the same time, politeness teaching can let the world Chinese learners have a better understanding of the ritual culture Chinese and Chinese the Chinese and Korean belong to two different types of languages, Chinese and Korean language is not consistent. Therefore, the first chapter discusses the concept of Chinese and Korean honorifics and The classification, summarizes the predecessors of the Han Chinese Polite expression point of view, through the comparative analysis, summarizes the similarities and differences between Chinese and Korean honorific in definition and classification on. To avoid confusion in the use of language, the unified use of the term "honorific". Although China and South Korea are "etiquette state", by the influence of Confucianism but, because of the historical background, customs, social system differences, both polite culture is not the same, expression of Chinese and Korean politeness based on which is not exactly the same, leading South Korean Chinese learners misuse of a phenomenon in the use of honorifics in communication. Therefore, the need for the Korean honorific in Chinese teaching, the second chapter introduced the characteristics of Chinese and Korean language from the aspects of vocabulary and grammar, and through detailed comparison and analysis, explore the similarities and differences between the two languages in Politeness Expressions, for the following Korean honorifics provide a theoretical basis for the causes of misuse. Combined with the daily Chinese teaching notes through questionnaires in the problem, in the third chapter of the work and life in Nanjing, the Korean honorifics use in-depth analysis, found in the Korean honorific negative interference negative transfer has been learning Chinese honorific knowledge, restricting their own learning strategies and communicative strategies and the external factors, the South Korean Chinese learners in the use of honorifics mainly occur the meaning of judgment is not accurate, the excessive use of politeness, avoid the use of personal pronouns and other three categories of errors. In the fourth chapter, aiming at the above problems, teaching materials from Chinese honorific teaching strategies, three aspects of teachers. Think about how Chinese honorific teaching for Korean students. Foreign language teaching should strengthen the polite language teaching value, cultivate students' Chinese communication politeness thinking And let the learners can express politeness, according to the specific communicative situation choice of politeness is accurate, understand Chinese politeness politeness contains cultural connotation, reduce the contradiction in communicative activities. At the same time, from the South Korean Chinese learners' point of view, put forward some suggestions of how to correctly grasp the Chinese honorific. In general, learning to skilled, flexible use of politeness in Chinese, we must grasp the similarities and differences between China and South Korea politeness fundamentally accept Chinese polite expression habits and values, cultivate Chinese act toward others in the way of thinking.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H195.3

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