本文關(guān)鍵詞：手部“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞歷時(shí)演變研究　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：本文的研究對(duì)象是手部“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞。為了理清它的發(fā)展和演變情況,文章運(yùn)用歷時(shí)考察的方法,把上古期、中古期和近代期作為三個(gè)歷史階段,通過(guò)大量的語(yǔ)料調(diào)查,分別對(duì)三個(gè)不同時(shí)期的手部“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行細(xì)致的描寫和分析。這一研究涉及兩個(gè)方面,包括同一時(shí)期不同成員的發(fā)展情況和不同時(shí)期詞匯的更替過(guò)程。上古時(shí)期,手部“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞在文獻(xiàn)中的出現(xiàn)頻率并不高。這一時(shí)期,“擦拭”語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)共有五個(gè)成員。其中“拭”和“拂”處于核心地位；“技”、“拒”、“挖”用例少,處于邊緣地位。中古時(shí)期,出現(xiàn)了新的手部“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞“揩”、“抹”、“搌”、“撣”。這一時(shí)期,“擦拭”語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)共有七個(gè)成員,“拭”、“拂”、“技”、“揩”、“抹”、“搌”和“撣”。“拭”和“拂”作為重要的“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞延用下來(lái),繼續(xù)發(fā)揮作用。“揩”和“抹”的出現(xiàn),對(duì)“拭”和“拂”的地位產(chǎn)生了沖擊,但是它們使用頻率不高,并未取得優(yōu)勢(shì)地位。“搌”和“撣”用例極少,處于邊緣地位。上古時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的“拒”和“挖”在這一時(shí)期退出了“擦拭”語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)�！凹肌钡摹安潦谩绷x仍在使用,但不占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)地位,仍屬邊緣成員。近代時(shí)期,“擦拭”語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)共有八個(gè)成員,“拭”、“拂”、“技”、“揩”、“抹”、“撣”、“擦”和“扭”�！安痢边M(jìn)入“擦拭”語(yǔ)義場(chǎng),逐漸成為“擦拭”義核心詞�！翱焙汀澳ā钡牡匚徊粩嗌仙�,成為重要的“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞。“拭”作為古老的“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞,“擦拭”義保留下來(lái),繼續(xù)使用,但它的地位下降,原有的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位逐漸被新詞取代�！胺鳌钡牧x位分散,逐漸語(yǔ)素化,多用于復(fù)合形式中,完全喪失了以往的地位�！凹肌庇捎诔霈F(xiàn)頻率低,始終未取得優(yōu)勢(shì)地位,逐漸退出“擦拭”語(yǔ)義場(chǎng)�！按椤痹谒未M(jìn)入“擦拭”語(yǔ)義場(chǎng),宋元時(shí)期用例較多,但它的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力明顯不如其他幾個(gè)新詞,逐漸邊緣化。中古出現(xiàn)的“搌”和“撣”在這一時(shí)期也出現(xiàn)了變化,“搌”不再出現(xiàn),“撣”繼續(xù)存在。手部“擦拭”義動(dòng)詞在長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展過(guò)程中,無(wú)論是詞義,數(shù)量,還是地位都發(fā)生了變化。它們的發(fā)展演變是語(yǔ)言、社會(huì)和認(rèn)知三方面因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:The object of this study is hand wiping verb. In order to clarify its development and evolution, the article uses the method of diachronic investigation to take the ancient period, the middle ancient period and the modern period as three historical stages. Through a large number of data surveys, the author makes a detailed description and analysis of the hand wiping verbs in three different periods. This study involves two aspects. Including the development of different members in the same period and the changing process of vocabulary in different periods. In the ancient times, the frequency of hand wiping verbs in the literature was not high. There are five members in the semantic field of "wipe", in which "wipe" and "brush" are at the core; "technique", "refuse", "dig" use cases are few, in the edge of the ancient period, there were new hand "wipe" verb "wipe", "wipe", "make", "Shan". This period. There are seven members in the semantic field of "wipe", "wipe", "brush", "technique", "wipe", "wipe", "wipe" and "Shan". Continue to function. The appearance of "wipe" and "wipe" impacts on the status of "wipe" and "brush", but they are not used frequently and do not gain an advantage. "" and "Shan" use cases are very few. In the ancient times, the "reject" and "dig" exited the semantic field of "wiping". The meaning of "wiping" of "technique" is still in use, but it does not occupy the dominant position. In modern times, there are eight members in the semantic field of "wipe", "wipe", "brush", "technique", "wipe", "wipe" and "Shan". "wipe" and "twist". "wipe" enters the semantic field of "wipe" and gradually becomes the core word of "wipe". The status of "wipe" and "wipe" is rising. To become an important verb to "wipe". "wipe" as the ancient "wipe" meaning verb, "wipe" meaning remained, continue to use, but its status declined. The original dominant position is gradually replaced by new words. The meaning of "Fu" is dispersed and morphemized, which is mostly used in compound form, completely losing its former position. In the Song Dynasty, "pinch" entered the "wiping" semantic field, and there were more use cases in the Song and Yuan dynasties, but its competitiveness was obviously not as good as the other few new words. Gradually marginalizing. The mid-ancient appearance of "margin" and "Shan" also changed during this period, "make" no longer appear, "Shan" continued to exist. Hand "wipe" meaning verb in the long process of development. Both the meaning, quantity and status of words have changed. Their development and evolution are the result of the combination of linguistic, social and cognitive factors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H14

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