【摘要】：本文的研究目的是使韓中語言學習者對“（？）”和“都”有更深刻的理解。為此本文主要針對全稱量化副詞“（？）”和“都”的語義、句法特征及語義擴張進行分析和對比。在語義方面，得出了“（？）”和“都”雖都具有“強調(diào)”義、“分散”義和“集合”義，但是“（？）”的“集合義”比“都”更強，“都”的“分散義”比“”更強的結(jié)論。在句法方面，得出了如下結(jié)論，第一，“（？）”常出現(xiàn)在量化對象之后，但“都”卻在其前和其后都可出現(xiàn)；第二，，“都”對時間進行量化的傾向性比“（？）”強；第三，“都”在任意成分后出現(xiàn)的傾向性比“（？）”強；第四，“都”與否定表達的位置關(guān)系決定了句子表達的是全部否定或部分否定的意義，而“（？）”與否定表達的位置關(guān)系卻不會對句意產(chǎn)生影響。在對“（？）”和“都”的語義擴張進行對比時，主要分為兩部分，即從對有標記的量化對象進行全稱量化的語義開始的語義擴張和從對無標記的量化對象進行全稱量化的語義開始的語義擴張。在分析語義擴張過程時，本文主要利用了“重新分析”、“語用推理”等機制以及“語義和諧律”和“連續(xù)性環(huán)境”等原理，對“（？）”和“都”在語義擴張過程中的各個義項及產(chǎn)生這些義項的過程進行了分析，總結(jié)出了“（？）”和“都”的不同的語義擴張模式，并將其語義擴張與Traugott提出的主觀化的“語義-語用傾向”和Heine提出的“語義擴張方向”進行了對照，另外也闡明了“（？）”和“都”在語義擴張過程中的相同點和不同點。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to make Korean and Chinese language learners respond to "(?)" And "du" have a deeper understanding. Therefore, this paper mainly aims at the full name quantitative adverb "(?)". The semantic, syntactic features and semantic expansion of du are analyzed and compared. In terms of semantics, "(?)" is obtained. Although both "du" have "emphasis" meaning, "scattered" meaning and "set" meaning, but "(?)" The "collective meaning" is stronger than the "du", and the "decentralized meaning" of the "du" is stronger than the "conclusion". In terms of syntax, the following conclusions are drawn: first, "(?)" It often appears after the quantitative object, but "du" can appear before and after it; second, the tendency ratio of "du" to quantify time "(?)" Strong; third, the tendency of "du" after any component is greater than that of "(?)". Fourth, the position relationship between "du" and negative expression determines that the sentence expresses the meaning of all negation or partial negation, while "(?)" However, the position relationship with negative expression does not have an impact on the meaning of the sentence. In the "(?)" Compared with the semantic expansion of "du", it is mainly divided into two parts. That is, the semantic expansion begins with the full name quantification semantics of the marked quantitative objects and the semantic expansion from the full name quantification semantics of the unmarked quantitative objects. In analyzing the process of semantic expansion, this paper mainly makes use of the mechanisms of "reanalysis", "pragmatic reasoning", as well as the principles of "semantic harmony law" and "continuous environment". And "du" in the process of semantic expansion and the process of producing these meanings are analyzed, and summed up "(?)" The semantic extension pattern is different from that of "du", and its semantic extension is compared with the subjective "semantic-pragmatic tendency" proposed by Traugott and the "direction of semantic expansion" proposed by Heine. In addition, it also clarifies the "(?)" The similarities and differences between du and du in the process of semantic expansion.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146.2;H55

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