【摘要】：“變化”是客觀世界存在的基本形式之一，表“變化”義動詞具有客觀現(xiàn)實性。“改、變、換”類動詞是“變化”義類的典型成員，然而漢語學習者對這類動詞的掌握情況并不盡如人意，漢語理論研究和應用研究亦均未對其給予足夠的重視。為此，我們選取表“變化”義“改、變、換”類動詞中比較常用的14個動詞作為研究對象，進行用法和語義的考察分析，旨在引起學界關注，并為第二語言教學提供一定的參考。 用法方面，從搭配和類聯(lián)接角度加以考察。運用基于數(shù)據(jù)的方法對國家語委“現(xiàn)代漢語語料庫”進行語料檢索，得出“改、變、換”類動詞的主要搭配形式和類聯(lián)接，并歸納其搭配特點。 語義方面，從語義特征、“詞義成分詞義構成模式”和動詞過程結構三個角度進行分析。根據(jù)搭配和語義的交互作用，以搭配為依據(jù)，概括出“改、變、換”類動詞的八組語義特征。繼而以這些語義特征和詞典釋義為基礎，運用“詞義成分詞義構成模式”對14個動詞的語義進行形式化的描寫，以相對統(tǒng)一的模式呈現(xiàn)詞義，，并借鑒動詞過程結構進一步解釋了“改、變、換”類動詞的一些語義特點和語法現(xiàn)象。 最后探討“改、變、換”類動詞的對外漢語教學。通過對教材、學習詞典和學生偏誤的考察，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，并結合前文研究提出改進建議。
[Abstract]:"change" is one of the basic forms of existence in the objective world. The verb of "change, change" is a typical member of the meaning category of "change". However, Chinese learners' grasp of this kind of verb is not satisfactory, and the study of Chinese theory and application has not paid enough attention to it. For this reason, we choose 14 verbs which are commonly used in the category of "change", "change" as the object of study, and investigate and analyze their usage and semantics in order to attract the attention of scholars. And provide a certain reference for the second language teaching. The usage aspect, from collocation and class join angle to examine. In this paper, the data based method is used to retrieve the modern Chinese corpus of the State language Committee, and the main collocation forms and class links of the verbs of "change, change" are obtained, and the collocation characteristics are summarized. In the aspect of semantics, this paper analyzes from three angles: semantic features, semantic structure of lexical components and verb process structure. According to the interaction between collocation and semantics, eight groups of semantic features of verbs of "change, change" are summarized based on collocation. On the basis of these semantic features and lexical interpretation, this paper describes the semantics of 14 verbs formally by using the semantic structure Model of word meaning components, and presents the meaning of the word in a relatively uniform pattern. Some semantic features and grammatical phenomena of "change, change" are further explained by referring to the verb process structure. Finally, this paper discusses the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language in the category of "change, change". Through the investigation of teaching materials, learning dictionaries and students' errors, the problems are found, and suggestions for improvement are put forward in the light of the previous study.
【學位授予單位】：北京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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