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倫敦奧運會報道中評價資源的分布特征及其文化解讀

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【摘要】:韓禮德功能語言學(xué)認(rèn)為語言有三大功能:概念功能,語篇功能和人際功能。而評價作為功能系統(tǒng)語言學(xué)研究的主題之一,源自對語篇人際功能的研究。評價理論是在對語言的人際意義研究的過程中發(fā)展起來的。2005年,馬丁和懷特出版的專著《評價語言—英語評價系統(tǒng)》中,評價成為話語分析手段的一個重要方面,而評價理論也成為系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué)對人際意義研究的新詞匯語法框架。根據(jù)馬丁和懷特的觀點,評價理論關(guān)注語篇中”所協(xié)商的各種態(tài)度,所涉及到的情感的強度,以及表明價值和聯(lián)盟讀者的各種方式!焙喲灾,評價理論是一整套系統(tǒng)地用語言表達(dá)態(tài)度的資源。因此本文中的評價資源是指評價理論的三大次系統(tǒng)—態(tài)度、介入、級差以及相應(yīng)的子次系統(tǒng)。 2012年倫敦奧運會世界矚目,其開(閉)幕式作為一場巨大的文化盛宴成功地把英國歷史文化呈現(xiàn)給了全世界。外國媒體對其開(閉)幕式的新聞報道中必然充滿了外媒對開(閉)幕式的態(tài)度和評價以及人際意義的表達(dá)。本文以中美關(guān)于2012倫敦奧運會開閉幕式的報道為研究對象,首先試圖以評價理論為框架,對中美關(guān)于倫敦奧運會開閉幕式報道的評價資源分布特征做細(xì)致的定量和定性分析得出中美報道中評價資源選擇上的異同點;然后從文化視角出發(fā),利用Hall的高低語境理論和霍夫斯泰德的文化價值觀理論對中美新聞報道中評價性資源分布特征作深入闡釋,旨在揭示新聞?wù)Z篇報道反映出的文化價值觀,為讀者深入理解新聞?wù)Z篇起到了一定的指導(dǎo)作用。 本文研究結(jié)果如下:中美關(guān)于倫敦奧運會報道中評價資源分布特征既存在相似性又存在著巨大差異。其差異性本文從高低語境,集體文化和個人文化,權(quán)利距離等文化視角進行闡釋,可以得出中國新聞報道者傾向于隱含地表達(dá)自己的感情,更多地采用積極評價資源欣賞倫敦奧運會開閉幕式的盛況,其報道傾向于主觀性;美國新聞報道者更加明確地表達(dá)自己的情感和態(tài)度,相對而言采用更多的消極評價資源全面評判奧運會開閉幕式的奢華和浪費,其報道傾向于客觀性。上述報道傾向性體現(xiàn)在評價資源的具體分布上得出: (一)評價資源分布的相似點 1.評價系統(tǒng)中的三種資源——態(tài)度資源,介入資源和級差資源在兩個平行語料中都被廣泛應(yīng)用。 2.在態(tài)度系統(tǒng)中,相比較評判資源和情感資源,兩個平行語料都傾向于鑒賞資源,具體來說是反應(yīng)鑒賞資源;而對于情感資源,兩個平行語料都傾向于應(yīng)用非現(xiàn)實情感資源。 3.在介入評價資源系統(tǒng)中,兩個平行資源都傾向于借言資源的對話性壓縮資源。 4.在級差評價資源中,兩個平行資源都傾向于強勢語勢資源。 (二)評價資源分布的差異性如下: 1.中國新聞報道中傾向于態(tài)度資源而美國新聞報道中傾向于介入資源。 2.在態(tài)度評價資源中,中國新聞報道中傾向于情感資源而美國傾向于評判資源。 3.在鑒賞系統(tǒng)中,中國新聞報道中傾向于價值鑒賞資源,美國新聞報道中傾向于構(gòu)成鑒賞資源。 4.在借言系統(tǒng)中,中國新聞報道中傾向于歸屬資源而美國新聞報道中傾向于包容資源。 5.總體來說,中國報道中傾向于積極性評價資源,而美國新聞報道中傾向于消極評價資源。
[Abstract]:Hallidy's functional linguistics holds that language has three major functions: conceptual function, textual function and interpersonal function. Evaluation, as one of the subjects of functional systemic linguistics, derives from the study of interpersonal function in discourse. The theory of evaluation is developed in the.2005 years of the study of interpersonal meaning in language, Martin and White published it. In the monograph, the evaluation language - English evaluation system, evaluation becomes an important aspect of the means of discourse analysis, and the theory of evaluation is also a new lexical grammatical framework for the study of interpersonal meaning in systemic functional linguistics. According to Martin and White, the theory is concerned with the various attitudes and emotions involved in the discourse. In short, evaluation theory is a whole set of resources to express attitudes in a systematic way. Therefore, the evaluation resources in this paper refer to the three systems of evaluation theory - attitude, intervention, gradation and corresponding sub system.
The 2012 London Olympic Games world attention, its open (closed) act as a huge cultural feast successfully presented the British history and culture to the world. Foreign media to its open (closed) screen news report is bound to be full of external media attitude to open (closed) act and the expression of interpersonal meaning. This article is based on China and the United States about 2012 The report of the opening and closing ceremony of the Olympic Games is the research object. First, it tries to make a detailed quantitative and qualitative analysis of the distribution characteristics of the evaluation resources of the opening closing ceremony of the London Olympic Games in China and the United States on the evaluation of the distribution characteristics of the evaluation resources of the London Olympic Games, and then the similarities and differences of the selection of the evaluation resources in the Sino US reports are obtained; then, from the cultural perspective, the level of Hall is used. The theory of context and Hofstede's theory of cultural values make an in-depth interpretation of the distribution characteristics of the evaluative resources in the news reports of China and the United States, which aims to reveal the cultural values reflected in the news text reports and play a certain guiding role for the readers to understand the news discourse in depth.
The results of this study are as follows: there are similarities and differences in the distribution characteristics of evaluation resources in the reports of the London Olympic Games in China and the United States. The differences are explained from the perspective of high and low context, collective culture and individual culture, and the distance of rights. It can be concluded that Chinese journalists tend to express themselves implicitly. Feelings, more active evaluation of resources to appreciate the opening and closing ceremonies of the London Olympic Games, its reports tend to be subjective; American journalists are more explicit about their feelings and attitudes, and relatively use more negative evaluation resources to comprehensively judge the luxury and waste of the opening and closing ceremony of the Olympic Games. The tendentiousness of the above report is reflected in the specific distribution of evaluation resources:
(1) the similarity of evaluation of resource distribution
1. Attitude resources, intervention resources and gradation resources are widely used in two parallel corpora.
2. in the attitude system, the comparative evaluation of resources and emotional resources, the two parallel corpus tend to appreciate resources, specifically the response to appreciation resources, and for emotional resources, the two parallel corpus tend to apply unrealistic emotional resources.
3. in the intervention evaluation resource system, two parallel resources tend to compress resources by dialogues of resources.
4. in the differential evaluation resources, two parallel resources tend to have strong potential resources.
(two) the differences in evaluating the distribution of resources are as follows:
1. China's news reports tend to be attitude resources while American news reports tend to intervene in resources.
2. in attitude evaluation resources, Chinese news reports tend to be emotional resources while the United States tends to judge resources.
3. in the appreciation system, Chinese news reports tend to value appreciation resources, and American news reports tend to form connoisseurship resources.
4. in the borrowing system, Chinese news reports tend to belong to resources while American news reports tend to embrace resources.
5. generally speaking, Chinese reports tend to evaluate resources positively, while American news reports tend to negatively evaluate resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:H136;H313

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